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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0089, entry 21
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BÚR, n. [Hel. bûr = habitaculum; A. S. bûr; Engl. bower; Scot. and North. E. byre; Germ. bauer], a word common to all Teut. idioms, and in the most of them denoting a chamber; this sense only occurs a few times in some of the old poems, esp. the Völs. kviður, and even only as an allit. phrase, Brynhildr í búri, Og. 18; björt í búri, Gkv. 2. 1: in prose now and then in translations of foreign romances, El. 22. 2. in Icel. only in the sense of larder, pantry (the North. E. and Scot. byre = cow-stall); this sense is very old, and occurs in Hallfred, Fs. 89, where búri (not brúði) is the right reading, as the rhyme shews--'stæri' ek brag, fyrir 'búri;' skellr nú lass fyrir búrin þeirra Reykdælanna, Bs. i. 512. 601, Ld. 242; defined, búr þat er konur hafa matreiðu í, Grág. i. 459. . a house where stores are kept = úti-búr, Nj. 74; now called skemma. In Icel. a game, in which children try to force open one's closed hand, is called að fara í búr e-s, to get into one's larder.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0091, entry 49
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bærr, adj. due, entitled to, cp. Germ, gebührend; the proverb, b. er hverr at ráða sínu, every one has a right to dispose of his own property, Ísl. ii. 145; vera b. at dæma um e-t, to be a fit judge in a matter (a proverb); unbecoming, Yt. 11.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0101, entry 38
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dóm-nefna, u, f. the nomination of judges in the Icel. court, described in ib. ch. 5; in parliament the goðar (priests) had the right to appoint the judges, Grág. i. 25; þeir (viz. the priests) skyldu domnefnur eiga á þingum, Fms. iii. 106.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0103, entry 1
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iatvards a thing; mikit dregr mik til þess, Fs. 9; engi ofkæti dregr' mik til þessarar ferðar, i. e. it i s no(by my own choice that í -undertake this journey, Fms. ix. 352; slíkt dró hann til vinsældar, ibis furthered him in popularity, vii. 175, Sks. 443 B; mun hann slikt til d., it will move, influence him, Nj. 210; ef hann drægi ekki til, if he was not concerned, 224. 2. dragatil isusedabsol. or ellipt., denoting the course of fate, and many of the following phrases are almost impers.; nema til verra dragi, unless matters turn out worse, Nj. 175; búð, dragi til þess sem vera vill, Lat. y at a evenient, 185; ef honum vill þetta til dauða d., if ibis draw to his death, prove fatal to him, 103, Grett. 114; þat samband þeirra er þeim dregr báðum til bana, which will be fatal to both of them, Nj. 135; enda varð þat fram at koma sem til dró, Ísl. ii. 263; sagði Kveldúlfr at þá (then) mundi þar ti! draga sem honum hafði fyrir boðat, Eg. 75; dró til vanda með þeim Rúti ok Unni, it was the old story over again, Nj. 12; dró til vanda um tai þeirra, 129; at her mundi til nnkillar ugiptu draga um kaup þessi, that mickle mischief would arise from this bargain, 30; dró þá enn til sundrþykkju með þeim Svíum, the old feud with the Swedes began over again, Fms. x. 161; ok er úvíst til hvers um dregr, Fs. 6; svá er þat, segir Runólfr, ef ekki dregr til, unless some unforeseen things happen, Nj. 75; hón kvað eigi tilikligt at til mikils drsegi um, Ísl. ii. 19; þá dró nú til hvárttveggja. Bret.; hence til-drög. n. pl. cause. B. IMPERS. 1. of clouds, shade, darkness, to be drav-'n before a thing as a veil; dimmu (acc.) þykir á draga ráðit Odds, it looked as if gloom were drawing over Odd's affairs, Band. 10; ok er í lók at draga skurirnar (acc.), it began to draw into showers, i. e. clouds began to gather, Fms. iii. 206: often ellipt., hratt stundum fyrir en stundum dró frá, [clouds] drew sometimes over, sometiin. es off, of the moon wading through them, Grett. 114; dregr fyrir sol, a veil] draws over (be sun, be is bid in clouds; sky vónarleysu döpur drjugum dró iyrir mína gleði-sól, Bb. 2. 9; dregr á gleði biskups, [clouds'] drew over the bishop's gladness, it was eclipsed, Bs. ii. 79; eclipsis heitir er fyrir dregr sól rðr tungl, it is called an eclipse when [a veif] draws over the sun or moon, 1812. 4; tunglskin var Ijost, en stundum dró fyrir, the moonshine was clear, and in turn [a veil] drew over it, Nj. 118; þá sá lítið af tungli Ijóst ok dró ymist til eor frá, Ísl. ii. 463; þat gerðisk, at á dregr tunglit, ok verðr eclipsis, A]. 54. 2. in various connections; dró yðr (acc.) undir hrakningina, en oss (acc.) undan, you were drawn into a thrashing (i. e. got one] , but we escaped, Nj. 141; hann (acc.) dró undan sem r. auðuligast, he bad a nar- row escape, Fms. ix. 392: absol., a noun or personal pronoun in acc. being understood, lítt dró enn undan við þik, there ivas little power of drawing out of thy reach, i. e. thy blow did its work right well. Nj. 199, 155; hvárki dró sundr nó saman með þeim, of two running a dead heat: metaph. phrases, mun annarsstaðar meira slóða (acc.) draga, there will be elsewhere a greater trial left, i. e. the consequences will be still worse elsewhere, 54; saman dró hugi þeirra, their hearts were drawn together, of a loving pair, Bárð. 271; saman dró kaupmála með þeim, they struck a bargain, literally the bargain was drawn tight, Nj. 49; hann hreinsar þat skjótt þóat nokkut im (acc.) hafi á oss dregit af samneyti (although we have been a little infected by the contact witb) annarlegs siðferðis, Fms. ii. 261; allt slafr (acc.) dro af Hafri, i. e. //. became quite mute, Grett. (in a verse): in a temp, sense, til þess er dró at degi, till the day drew nigh, Fms. x. 138; þá er dró at miðri nótt, Grett. 140; þá er dregr at Joluni, Yule drew nigh, Fbr. 138; dregr at hjaldri, the battle-hour draws nigh, Fms. vi. (in a verse); dró at því (the time drew nigh), at hann var banvænn, Eg. 126: of sickness, hunger, or the like, to sink, be overcome by, svá dregr at mér af elli, svengd ok þorsta, at..., Fms. iii. 96; nú þvkki mér sem fast dragi at þér, th ow art sinking fast, Fas. ii. 221; ok er lokið var kvæðinu dregr at Oddi fast, O. was sinking fast, 321: of other things, tók þá at d. fast at heyjum bans, hi s s to ek was very low, Fms. iii. 208; þoku dregr upp, a fog draws on, rises, 97 (in a verse), but ok taki sú poka (nom.) fyrir at d. norðrljósit, Sks. an (better þá þoku, acc.) C. REFLEX, to draw oneself, move; ef menn dragask til föruneytis þeirra (Join them) úbeðit, Grág. ii. 270; Sigvaldi dregsk út frá flotanum, 8. draws away from the fleet, Fms. xi. 140; ofmjök dragask lendir menn fram, i. e. the barons drew far too forward, vii. 22; hyski drósk á flótta, they drew away to flight, Fms. vi. (in a verse); skeiðr drógusk at vigi, the ship s drewon tobattle, iii. 4 (in a verse); dragask undir -- draga undir sik, to take a thing tooneself, Grág. ii. 150; dragask á hendr e-m, drógusk opt þeir menn á hendr honum er uskilamenn voru, Sturl. i. 136; dragask e-n á heridr, hann kvað þess enga van, at hann drægisk þá á hendr, ii. 120; dragask aptr á leið, to remain behind, Rb. 108; dragask út, to recede, of the tide, 438; dragask saman, to draw back, draw together, be collected, Fms. i. 25, Bs. i. 134; e-m dragask peimingar, Fms. vi. 9; d. undan, to be delayed, x. 251; the phrase, herr, lið dregsk e-m, the troops draw together, of a levy, i. 94, vii. 176, Eg. 277; dragask á legg, t o gro w up, Hkr. iii. 108; sem aldr hans ok vitsmunir drógusk fram, increased, Fms. vi. 7; þegar honum drósk aldr, when he grew up, Fs. 9; dragask á legg, to grow into a man; dragask við e-t, t o become discouraged, Fms. via. 65; d. vel, ilia, to do well, ill, Fs. 146: to be worn out, exhausted, drósk þá liðit mjök af kulda, Stud. üi. 20; drósk hestr hans, ii. 75 •' part, dreginn, drawn, pinched, starved, hestar mjök dregnir, Fms. ix. 276; görðisk fénaðr dreginn mjök, drawn, thin, iii. 208; stóð þar í heykleggi einn ok dregit at o!lu megin, a tapering hayrick, Háv. 53: of sickness, Herra Andrés lagðisk sjúkr, ok er hann var dreginn mjök, Fms. ix. 276. /3. recipr., þau drógusk um einn gullhring, they fought, pulled. Fas. iii. 387. From the reflex, probably originates, by dropping the reflex, suffix, the mod. Swed. and Dan. at draga -- to go, esp. of troops or a body of men; in old writers the active form hardly ever occurs in this sense (the reading drogu in the verse Fms. iii. 4 is no doubt false); and in rrod. usage it is equally unknown in Icel., except maybe in allit. phrases as, e. g. út á djúpið hann Oddr dró, Snot 229 new Ed.; to Icel. ears draga in this sense sounds strange; even the rerlex. form is seldom used in a dignified sense; vide the refer- ences above.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0114, entry 1
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i s, and em, are; em, lam; þessi, thi s; þetta, that; sex, s i x: sek, mek, þek, sometimes instead of sik, mik, þik: nouns, elgr, an elk; sef, s ib; brekka, brink; veðr, weather; nevi, a kinsman (Lat. nepos); nevi, a neave, fist; segl, a sail (cp. segla); vetr, a wight; selr, a se a l; net, a net; nes, a ne ss; el, a gale; messa, a mass (Lat. missa); hestr, a horse; prtstr, a priest; þegn (O. H. L. 47); vegr, a way, honour; sel and setr, shielings; verold, the world; vesold, misery: verbs, gera, to ' gar, ' to do; drepa, to kill; bera, to bear; bresta, to burst; gefa, to give; geta, to get; meta, to measure; kveða, to say; drekka, to drink; stela, to steal; vera, to be; mega, must; nema, to take; eta, to e a t; vega, to weigh; reka, t o drive; skera, to cut: participles and supines from þiggja, liggja, biðja, sitja, þegit, legit, beðit, setið: preterites as, hengu, gengu, fengu (Germ. gingen, fingen); greru, reru, srxeru (from gróa, róa, snúa): e if sounded as é, e. g. hot, blés, let, réttr, léttr; even in the words, her, here; mér, scr, þér, mihi, sibi, tibi; neðan (niðr), hegat ( -- hue); héðan, hence: adjectives, mestr, flestr, þrennr, etc.: inflexions, -legr, - ly; -lega, - ly; -neskja, -neskr (cp. Germ, - i sc h); in the articles or the verbal inflexions, -en, -et, -er, -esk, etc. The e is often used against the etymology, as dreki, dragon; menu, men (from maðr). In some other Norse MSS. the two sounds are marked, but so inaccurately that they are almost useless, e. g. the chief MS. of the Bad. S.; but in other MSS. there is hardly an attempt at distinction. The list above is mainly but not strictly in accordance with the etymology, as phonetical peculiarities come in; yet the etymology is the groundwork, modified by the final consonants: both old spelling and modern pronunciation are of value in finding a word's etymology, e. g. the spelling drsengr indicates that it comes from drangr; hærað and haer, troops (but her, here), shew that hærað (hérað) is to be derived from hærr (herr), exercitus, and not from her (her), etc. The Icel. idiom soon lost the short e sound in radical syllables, and the long e sound (like the Italian e) prevailed throughout; there was then no more need for two signs, and e, prevailed, without regard to ety- mology. Some few MSS., however, are curious for using æ almost throughout in radical syllables, and thus distinguish between the e in roots and the e in inflexions (vide B below); as an example see the Arna- Magn. no. 748, containing an abridgement of the Edda and Skálda and poems published in the edition of 1852, vol. ii. pp. 397-494; cp. also Vegtamskviða, published by Mubius in Sæm. Edda, pp. 255, 256, from the same MS.; this MS. uses æ in radical syllables, but e or i in inflexions. It is clear that when this MS. was written (at the latter part of the i^th century) the Icel. pronunciation was already the same as at present. In some other MSS. e and ce, and e and g now and then appear mixed up, till at last the thing was settled in accordance with the living tongue, so that the spelling and sound went on together, and CE (or g) was only used to mark the diphthong; vide introduction to Æ. B. SPELLING of e and i in inflexions. -- The Germans, Swedes, Danes, English, and Dutch all express the i sound in inflexional syllables by e, not i, as in Engl. y a í her, mother, brother, taken, bidden, hidden, heaven, kettle; or in Germ., e. g. hatte, möchte, sollte, lange, bruder, mutter, soltesf, himmel, etc.: in the earliest times of Icel. literature also it is almost certain that e was used throughout: Ari probably signed his name Are (en ek heitcr Are, tb. fine): Thorodd, too, seems to have followed the same rule, as we may infer from several things in his treatise, e. g. the words framer and frá mér, which would be unintelligible unless we suppose him to have written framer, not framir: even the name of Snorri is twice spelt Snorre in the Reykholts-máldagi, probably written by one of his clerks. Some old vellum fragments may be found with the e only; but even in the oldest extant, i is used now and then. The reason is clear, viz. that the Icel. never admits the long e in inflexive syllables, and in roots it never admits the short e, consequently the same sign would not do both for roots and inflexions; hende, velle, gefe have each two vowel sounds; therefore the short i was admitted in inflexions; yet in most MSS. both e and i are used indiscriminately, a. g. faðir and faðer, tími and time, manni and manne, kominn and komenn, komið and komet, hihidin and hundcn, fjallit and fjallet; even those that use i admit e if following ð or d, é. g. viðe, bæðe, liðe, lande, but fjalli, vatni. As the spelling was partly influenced from abroad, the e even gained ground, and at the time of the Reformation, when printing became common, it was rcassmned throughout, and remained so for nearly 230 years, when (about A. D. 1770-1/80) i was reinstated and e expelled in all inflexions, as being inconsistent with the spelling and ambiguous; but the sound has undoubtedly remained unchanged from the time of Ari up to the present time: the English father, mother, German vater, mutter, and lcd. fadir are, as to the inflexion, sounded exactly alike. C. INTERCHANGE of e and i. -- The adjectival syllable -ligr, -liga, is in MSS. spelt either -ligr or -legr; in modern pronunciation and spelling always -legr, -lega (Engl. -ly). |3. in a few root words e has taken the place of i, as in verðr, qs. virðr (food); brenna, qs. brinna; þremr and þrimr; tvenna and tvinna; ef, efa, efi, = if, ifa, ifi; einbirni and einberni (horn): e has taken the place of a in such words as hnetr (nuts) from hnot, older form hnøtr: so also in eðli and öðli; efri efstr from öfri öfstr: e and the derived ja make different words, as berg and bjarg, fell and fjall, bergr and bjargar, etc. D. DIPHTHONGS: I. ei answers to Goth, ai, A. S. â, Germ. ei, Engl. a (oa or the like); in Danish frequently expressed by ee; in Swedish and Northern English the diphthong is turned into a plain e and a, which, however, represent the same sound: Goth, stains, A. S. stan, Swed. sten, North. E. s to ne. The o sound is English-Saxon; the a sound English- Scandinavian; thus the forms, home, bone, oak, oath, broad, one, own, more, none, no, may be called English-Saxon, from A. S. ham, ban, etc.; the North. E. and Scottish harne, bane, aik, ai/h, braid, ain, mair, /tain, may be called English-Scandinavian: cp. Swed. hem, ben, ek, ed. bred, en; Icel. heimr, bein, eik, eidr, breidr, einn, meir, neinn, nei; cp. also Icel. bleikr, Swed. blek, North. E. blake, etc. The Runic stones mark the ei with a + i or i simply, e. g. sti w or s tain. Old Norse and Icel. MSS. frequently for ei give Æ i. II. ey is in modern usage sounded as ei, and only distinguished in writing; in old times a distinction was made in sound between ei and ey. Norse MSS. almost always spell 'ôy, and in Norway it is to the present time sounded accordingly, e. g. iiyra, -- Icel. eyra, sounded nearly as in English toil: the ey is properly a vowel change of au: ey frequently answers to an English e (ea) sound, as heyra, to hear; eyra, e ar; dreyma, to dream; leysa, to lease. In very old MSS., e. g. Ib. (ai in the Ed. is a wrong reading from aj in the MS.), au and ey are even spelt alike (aj or a;^), though sounded differently. In some MSS. ey is also used where it is not etymological, viz. instead of ø or o, in such words as hreyqva, seyqva, stcyqva, deyqvan, greyri, geyra, seyni, etc., = hrökva, sökva, ... greri or grori, syni, e. g. the Cod. Reg. of S;em. Edda, the Rafns S. Bs. i. 639 E. é is sounded almost as English y e (or y a); it is produced, 1. by an absorption of consonants, in words as réttr, léttr, þéttr, sétti, flétta, n'-tta, cp. Germ, recht, Engl. right; Germ. Icicht, Engl. light: or in fo, kno, tré, hit:, sc (Icel. fe = Engl. / ee, Goth. / aih w, Lat. pe cws), etc. 2. by a lost reduplication in the preterites, fell, grot, réð, h-t, blús, hot, gékk, hékk, Ick, fékk, from falla, grata, etc.; in some old MSS. this é is replaced by ie, e. g. in the Hulda Arna-Magn. no. 66 fol. we read fiell, liet, hiet, griet, gieck, liek, cp. mod. Geim. fíel. hiess, Hess, etc.; perhaps in these cases e was sounded a little differently, almost as a bisyllable. 3. in such words as the pronouns vt'-r, þér or ér (you), niér, sér, þér (tibi): the particles her (here), héðan (hence), hérað, vi'-l, el. 4. t' is also sounded after g and k, and often spelt ie in MSS., gieta, giefa, kier, kierti; this sound is, however, better attributed to g and k being aspirate. In Thorodd and the earliest MSS. é is marked with ' just like the other long or diphthongal vowels; but the accent was subsequently removed, and e and é are undistinguished in most MSS.: again, in the 15th century transcribers began to write ie or ee (mier or meer). In printed books up to about 1770 the ie- prevailed, then e, and lastly (about 1786) (; (cp. the 5th and 6th vols. of Eél.): ë is an innovation of Rask, and is used by many, but máttr, dráttr, and rettr, sléttr, etc. are etymologically iden- tical, though the sound of K is somewhat peculiar: the spelling~/e is also a novelty, and being etymologically wrong (except in 2 above) is not to be recommended.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0117, entry 38
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EIÐR, m. [Ulf. aiþs; A. S. að; Engl. oath; North. E. aith; Swed. ed; Dan. eed; Germ. eid] :-- an oath; vinna eið, but also sverja eið, to take an oath, to swear, Glúm. 387, Nj. 36, Grág., Sdm. 23; ganga til eiða, to proceed to the taking an oath, Nj., Grág.; eiðar, orð ok særi, Vsp. 30; fullr e., a full, just oath, Grett. 161; rjúfa eið, to break an oath (eið-rofi); perjury is mein-særi, rarely mein-eiðr (Swed.-Dan. men-ed, Germ. mein-eid); eiðar úsærir, false, equivocal oaths, Sks. 358; hence the proverb, lítið skyldi í eiði úsært, with the notion that few oaths can bear a close scrutiny, Grett. 161; trúnaðar-e., hollustu-e., an oath of fealty, allegiance: cp. the curious passages in Sturl. i. 66 and iii. 2, 3; dýr eiðr, a solemn oath; sáluhjálpar-e., sverja dýran sáluhjálpar-eið, to swear an oath of salvation (i.e. as I wish to be saved). In the Norse law a man was discharged upon the joint oath of himself and a certain number of men (oath-helpers, compurgators, or oath-volunteers); oaths therefore are distinguished by the number of compurgators,--in grave cases of felony (treason etc.), tylptar-e., an oath of twelve; in slighter cases of felony, séttar-e., an oath of six, (in N. G. L. i. 56, ch. 133, 'vj á hvára hönd' is clearly a false reading instead of 'iij,' three on each side, cp. Jb. Þb. ch. 20); grímu-eiðr, a mask oath, a kind of séttar-e.; lýrittar-e., an oath of three; and lastly, ein-eiði or eins-eiði, an oath of one, admissible only in slight cases, e.g. a debt not above an ounce; whence the old law proverb, eigi verðr einn eiðr alla, a single oath is no evidence for all (cases), Sighvat, Fms. iv. 375, v.l., Bjarn. 22, Nj. 13: other kinds of oaths, dular-e., an oath of denial; jafnaðar-e., an oath of equity, for a man in paying his fine had to take an oath that, if he were plaintiff himself, he would think the decision a fair one: vide N. G. L. i. 56, 254-256, 394, Jb. and Js. in many passages. In the Icel. law of the Commonwealth, oaths of compurgators are hardly mentioned, the kviðr or verdict of neighbours taking their place; the passage Glúm. ch. 24, 25 is almost unique and of an extraordinary character, cp. Sir Edmund Head's remarks on these passages in his notes to the Saga, p. 119, cp. also Sturl. iii. 2; but after the union with Norway the Norse procedure was partly introduced into Icel.; yet the Js. ch. 49 tries to guard against the abuse of oaths of compurgators, which led men to swear to a fact they did not know. As to the Icel. Commonwealth, it is chiefly to be noticed that any one who had to perform a public duty (lög-skil) in court or parliament, as judge, pleader, neighbour, witness, etc., had to take an oath that he would perform his duty according to right and law (baug-eiðr ring-oath, bók-eiðr gospel-oath, lög-eiðr lawful-oath), the wording of which oath is preserved in Landn. (Mantissa) 335, cp. Þórð. S. (Ed. 1860) p. 94, Band. (MS.) COMPDS: eiða-brigði, n. breach of oath, Band. 6. eiða-fullting, n. an oath help, Fas. ii. 204. eiða-konur, f. pl. women as compurgators, Grett. 161. eiða-lið, n. men ready to take an oath, Eg. 503, referring to Norway, the men elected to an oath of twelve. eiða-mál, n. an oath affair, Sturl. iii. 2. eiða-sekt, f. a fine for an (unlawful) oath, N. G. L. i. 211. eiða-tak, n. giving security for an oath, bail, N. G. L. i. 314, 321. II. a pr. name, Landn.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0118, entry 13
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A. ACT. I. denoting ownership, to possess: 1. in a proper sense; allt þat góz sem þeir eiga eðr eigandi verða, D. N. i. 80; hann eigr hálfa jörðina, Dipl. v. 24; Björn hljóp þá á skútu er hann átti, Eb. 6; Starkaðr átti hest góðan, Nj. 89; þau áttu gnótt í búi, 257; hón á allan arf eptir mik, 3; átti hón auð fjár, Ld. 20; ef annarr maðr ferr með goðorð en sá er á, Grág. i. 159; annat vápnit, ok á þat Þorbjörn, en Þorgautr á þetta, Ísl. ii. 341; eignir þær er faðir hans hafði átt, Eb. 4; í ríki því er Dana konungar höfðu átt þar lengi, Fms. xi. 301, Rb. 494, Eb. 54, 118, 256, 328, Sturl. ii. 60, Eg. 118; e. saman, to own in common, Grág. i. 199; ef tveir menn eigo bú saman, ii. 44; e. skuld (at e-m), to be in debt, Engl. to owe; en ef hann átti engar skuldir, if he owed no debts, i. 128; þar til átti honum (owed him) meistari Þorgeirr ok þá mörk, D. N. iv. 288 (Fr.); e. fé undir e-m, to be one's creditor, Nj. 101; in mod. usage, e. fé hjá e-m, or ellipt., e. hjá e-m. 2. in a special sense; . eiga konu, to have her to wife; hann átti Gró, Eb. 16; hann átti Ynghvildi, 3; Þorgerðr er (acc.) átti Vigfúss, ... Geirríðr er (acc.) átti Þórólfr, 18; hann gékk at eiga Þóru, he married Thora, id.; Þuríði hafði hann áðr átta, Thorida had been his first wife, 42; enga vil ek þessa e., I will not marry any of these, Nj. 22; Björn átti þá konu er Valgerðr hét, 213, 257; faðir Hróðnýjar er átti Þorsteinn, Landn. 90; Ásdísi átti síðar Skúli, S. was A.'s second husband, 88; Þorgerðr er átti Önundr sjóni, 89; Vigdís er átti Þorbjörn enn digri, 87; Árnþrúðr er átti Þórir hersir, 66; Húngerð er átti Svertingr, 6l, 86, and in numberless passages: old writers hardly ever say that the wife owns her husband--the passages in Edda 109 (vide elja) and Nj. 52 (til lítils kemr mér at eiga hinn vaskasta mann á Islandi) are extraordinary--owing to the primitive notion of the husband's 'jus possessionis' (cp. brúðkaup); but in mod. usage 'eiga' is used indiscriminately of both wife and husband; Icel. even say, in a recipr. sense, eigast, to own one another, to be married: þau áttust, they married; hann vildi ekki at þau ættist, hann bannaði þeim að eigast, he forbade them to marry :-- to the ancients such a phrase was almost unknown, and occurs for the first time in K. Á. 114. . eiga börn, to have children, of both parents; áttu þau Jófriðr tíu börn, J. and her husband had ten bairns, Eg. 708; hann átti dóttur eina er Unnr hét, Nj. 1; þau Þorsteinn ok Unnr áttu son er Steinn hét, Eb. 10, Nj. 91, 257; áttu þau Þórhildr þrjá sonu, 30; e. móður, föður, to have a mother, father, Eb. 98; vænti ek ok, at þú eigir illan föður, id. . the phrase, e. heima, to have a home; þeir áttu heima austr í Mörk, Nj. 55; því at ek tek eigi heim í kveld, þar sem ek á heima út á Íslandi, 275; in mod. usage = to live, abide, in regard to place, cp. the questions put to a stranger, hvað heitir maðrinn? hvar áttu heima? used in a wider sense than búa. . eiga sér, to have, cp. 'havde sig' in Dan. ballads; Höskuldr átti sér dóttur er Hallgerðr hét, Nj. 3; ef hann á sér í vá veru, Hm. 25, (freq. in mod. use.) 3. without strict notion of possession; e. vini, óvini, to have friends, enemies, Nj. 101; hverja liðveizlu skal ek þar e. er þú ert, what help can I reckon upon from thee? 100; e. ván e-s, to have hope of a thing, to reckon upon, 210; e. til, to have left; ekki eigu it annat til (there is nothing left for you) nema at biðja postulann. Jóh. 623. 22: in mod. usage e. til means to own, to have left; hann á ekkert til, he is void of means, needy; eiga góða kosti fjár, to be in good circumstances, Ísl. ii. 322; e. vald á e-u, to have within one's power, Nj. 265; the phrase, e. hlut at e-u, or e. hlut í e-u, to have a share, be concerned with; eptir þat átti hann hlut at við mótstöðumenn Gunnars, 101, 120; þar er þú ættir hlut at, where thou wast concerned, 119; mik uggir at hér muni eigi gæfu-menn hlut í e., 179: hence ellipt., e. í e-u, to be engaged in, chiefly of strife, adversity, or the like; thus, e. í stríði, fátaekt, baráttu, to live, be deep in struggle, want, battle, etc. II. denoting duty, right, due, obligation: 1. to be bound, etc.; þeir menn er fylgð áttu með konungi, the men who owed following to (i.e. were bound to attend) the king's person, Fms. vii. 240; á ek þar fyrir at sjá, I am bound to see to that, Eg. 318; Tylptar-kviðr átti um at skilja, Eb. 48; þeir spurðu hvárt Njáli þætti nokkut e. at lýsa vígsök Gunnars, Nj. 117; nú áttu, Sigvaldi, now is thy turn, now ought thou, Fms. xi. 109, Fs. 121; menn eigu (men ought) at spyrja at þingfesti, Grág. i. 19; þá á þann kvið einskis meta, that verdict ought to be void, 59; ef sá maðr á (owns) fé út hér er ómagann á (who ought) fram at færa, 270; nú hafa þeir menn jammarga sem þeir eigu, as many as they ought to have, ii. 270; tíunda á maðr fé sitt, ... þá á hann þat at tíunda, ... þá á hann at gefa sálugjafir, i. 202 :-- 'eiga' and 'skal' are often in the law used indiscriminately, but properly 'ought' states the moral, 'shall' the legal obligation,--elska skalt þú föður þinn og móður, þú skalt ekki stela, where 'átt' would be misplaced; sometimes it is merely permissive, gefa á maðr vingjafir at sér lifanda, ef hann vill, a man 'may' whilst in life bequeath to his friends, if he will, id.; maðr á at gefa barni sínu laungetnu tólf aura, ef hann vill, fyrir ráð skaparfa sinna, en eigi meira nema erfingjar lofi, a man 'may' bequeath to the amount of twelve ounces to his illegitimate child without leave of the lawful heir, etc., 203; ef þat á til at vilja, if that is to happen, Fas. i. 11. 2. denoting claim, right, to own, be entitled to, chiefly in law phrases; e. dóm, sakir, to own the case, i.e. be the lawful prosecutor; ok á sá þeirra sakir, er ..., Grág. i. 10; eðr eigu þeir eigi at lögum, or if they be not entitled to it, 94; e. mál á e-m, to have a charge against one, Nj. 105; e. rétt á e-u, to own a right; sá sem rétt á á henni, who has a right to her, K. Á. 16; þeir sögðu at þeim þótti slíkr maðr mikinn rétt á sér e., such a man had a strong personal claim to redress, Nj. 105; hence the phrase, eiga öngan rétt á sér, if one cannot claim redress for personal injury; þá eigu þeir eigi rétt á sér, then they have no claim to redress whatever, Grág. i. 261; e. sök, saka-staði á e-u, to have a charge against; þat er hann átti öngva sök á, Nj. 130; saka-staði þá er hann þótti á eiga, 166; kalla Vermund eigi (not) eiga at selja sik, said V. had no right to sell them, Eb. 116: hence in mod. usage, eiga denotes what is fit and right, þú átt ekki að göra það, you ought not; eg ætti ekki, I ought not: in old writers eiga is seldom strictly used in this sense, but denotes the legal rather than the moral right. . eiga fé at e-m (mod. e. hjá e-m), to be one's creditor, Grág. i. 90, 405, Band. 1 C: metaph. to deserve from one, ok áttu annat at mér, Nj. 113; e. gjafir at e-m, 213; in a bad sense, kváðusk mikit e. at Þráni, they had much against Thrain, 138. . the law phrase, e. útkvæmt, fært, to have the right to return, of a temporary exile, Nj. 251: at hann skyli eigi e. fært út hingat, Grág. i. 119; ok á eigi þingreitt, is not allowed to go to the parliament, ii. 17; e. vígt, Grág., etc. III. denoting dealings or transactions between men (in a meeting, fight, trade, or the like), to keep, hold; þætti mér ráðliga at vér ættim einn fimtardóm, Nj. 150; e. orrustu við e-n, to fight a battle, Fms. i. 5, Eg. 7; e. högg við e-n, to exchange blows, 297; e. vápna-viðskipti, id., Fms. ii. 17; eiga handsöl at e-u, to shake hands, make a bargain, x. 248; e. ráð við e-n, to consult, hold a conference with, Nj. 127; e. tal við e-n, to speak, converse with one, 129; e. mál við e-n, id., Grág. i. 10; e. fund, to hold a meeting, Nj. 158; e. þing, samkvámu, stefnu, to hold a meeting, Eg. 271; þetta haust áttu menn rétt (a kind of meeting) fjölmenna, Eb. 106; e. kaupstefnu, to hold a market, exchange, 56; e. féránsdóm, Grág. i. 94; e. gott saman, to live well together, in peace and goodwill, Ld. 38; e. illt við e-n, to deal ill with, quarrel with, Nj. 98; e. búisifjar, q.v., of intercourse with neighbours, Njarð. 366; e. drykkju við e-n, to be one's 'cup-mate,' Eg. 253; e. við e-n, to deal with one; ekki á ek þetta við þik, this is no business between thee and me, Nj. 93; gott vilda ek við alla menn e., I would live in goodwill with all, 47; e. við e-n, to fight one; eigum vér ekki við þá elligar (in a hostile sense), else let us not provoke them, 42; eðr hvárt vili it Helgi e. við Lýting einn eðr bræðr hans báða, 154; brátt fundu þeir, at þeir áttu þar eigi við sinn maka, Ld. 64; Glúmr kvað hann ekki þurfa at e. við sik, G. said he had no need to meddle with him, Glúm. 338; e. um að vera, to be concerned; ekki er við menn um at e., Nj. 97; þar sem við vini mína er um at e., where my friends are concerned, 52; við færi er þá um at e., ef Kári er einn, there are fewer to deal with, to fight, if K. be alone, 254; við brögðótta áttu nú um, Fms. v. 263; ætla ek at oss mun léttara falla at e. um við Svein einn, iv. 80; Sveinn svarar, at þeir áttu við ofrefli um at e., that they had to deal with odds, 165. . almost as an auxiliary verb; e. skilt (skilit), to have stipulated; hafa gripina svá sem hann átti skill, Fms. vi. 160; þat átta ek skilit við þik, ii. 93; sem Hrani átti skilt, iv. 31; e. mælt, of oral agreement; sem vit áttum mælt með okkr, xi. 40; þá vil ek þat mælt e., 124: in mod. usage e. skilit means to deserve, eg á ekki þetta skilit af hér, etc. . sometimes used much like geta; við því átti Búi eigi gert, B. could not guard against that, Fms. i. 117, cp. xi. 109 :-- also, e. bágt, to be in a strait, poor, sickly; e. heimilt, to have at one's disposal, Eb. 254. IV. to have to do; skal Þorleifr eigi (not) e. at því at spotta, Eb. 224; e. hendr sínar at verja, to have to defend one's own hands, to act in self-defence, Nj. 47; e. e-m varlaunað, to stand in debt to one, 181; e. um vandræði at halda, to be in a strait, Eb. 108; e. erindi, to have an errand to run, 250; en er þeir

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0120, entry 36
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The following entry has been hand-corrected once.

ein-dæmi, n. a law term, the right to be an absolute, sole umpire or judge in a case, Sturl. ii. 2, Fms. ii. 11, O. H. L. 36; cp. sjálf-dæmi. 2. a single example, Sks. 649: an unexampled thing, cp. the proverb, eindæmin eru verst, Grett. 93 A, vide dæmi; cp. also endemi.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0123, entry 14
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The following entry has been hand-corrected once.

ein-skapan, f. the right to fix one's own terms, Orkn. 214, Fms. xi. 24.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0127, entry 9
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The following entry has been hand-corrected once.

elska, að, to love, love dearly, with acc.; elskaðr sem sá er framast elskaði sannan Guð, Fs. 80; konungr elskaði Hákon meir en nokkurn annan mann, Fms. i. 17; Birkibeinar elskuðu því meir sveininn, sem..., ix. 244; halt vel trú þína ok elska Gnð, ii. 255; Hrafnkell elskaði ekki annat goð meir enn Frey, Hrafn. 4; kona þess hins rika maims elskaði Joseph, Sks. 455: hann sá at Guð elskaði David (acc.), 708; ok er sva auðr svá sem hann er elskaðr til, 442.2. reflex., elskask at e-m, to grow fond of; þorkell var lengi með jarlinum ok elskaðisk at honum, Fms. iv. 217 ('elskaði' at jarli, act., Ó. H. 93, is scarcely right). . recipr. to love one another; höfðu þau Jón elskask frá barnæsku, Bs. i. 282; þessir ungu menu elskask sin í millum mjök hjartanliga, 655 xxxii. 20. Icel. have a playful rhyme referring to lovers, running thus -- elskar hann (hún) mig, |af öllu hjarta,|ofrheitt UNCERTAIN harla lítið |og ekki neitt, which calls to mind the scene in Göthe's Faust, where Gretchen plucks off the petals of the flower with the words, liebt mich -- nicht -- licbt mich -- nicht.

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