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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0709, entry 8 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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VINR, m., gen. vinar; dat. vin, Hm. 41, 42 (seldom vini); pl. vinir, acc. vini, 24 (vinu, Hkr. i. 183, in a verse, cannot be an acc. from vinr). As in sonr (q.v.) the nominative r is freq. dropped, and vinr and vin are both in old and mod. writers and speech used promiscuously: [in A.S. wine; Dan. ven; Swed. vän; vinr is 'par excellence' a Scandinavian word, frændi being used only in the sense of a kinsman; vinr is akin to vin, f., referring to a lost root verb vinan, van, vunun, to which also belongs the verb una, q.v.; analogous to vin and vinr are the Lat. amicus and amoenus.] B. USAGES. -- A friend, prop. an 'agreeable man;' vin sínum skal maðr vinr vera, þeim ok þess vin, en óvinar síns skyli engi maðr, vinar vinr vera, Hm. 42; til ílls vinar, til góðs vinar, 33; með íllum vinum, 50; vápnum ok váðum skulu vinir gleðjask, 40; til góðs vinar liggja gagn-vegir þótt hann sé firr farinn, 33; ek vil vera vin þeirra, Nj. 5; Guðs vin, Blas. 49; hann var vinr Otkels, Nj. 73; hann gaf Frey vin sínum þann hest hálfan, Hrafn. 5; vinar míns, Ad. 16; tryggr vinr minn, 10; vinr þjóðans, 11; þinn vin fullkominn, Fær. 132; mesti vin beggja, Fms. i. 12; leyniligr vin, Bs. i. 760; segjanda er allt vin sínum, Eg.; era sá vinr öðrum er vilt eitt segir, Hm.; í þörf skal vinar neyta, a friend in need is a friend indeed, Fms. viii. 399; hverr á sér vin með úvinum, every man has a friend among foes, Fs. 96; en þá var sem mælt, at hverr á vin með óvimim, Ó.H. 62; missa (or sakna, Fas. ii. 179) vinar í stað, to 'miss a friend' = the bird is flown, Grett. 139; þegnar gripu þá í tómt þóttusk vinar missa, in a ditty; vera e-m í vinar húsi, t o 6 e one's friend; þat mun ek kjósa, at þú sér mér í vina húsi, Sturl. i. 96; göra vina skipti, to change friends, ii. 142; Freyr lítr eigi vinar augum til þín, Fms. ii. 74; Hrungnir sér eigi vinar augum til Þórs, Edda 5; ást-vinr, lang-vinr, alda-vinr, trygg-vinr, ú-vinr (or óvinr), qq.v.: in. the saying, vera vinr vina sinna, to be the friend of one's own friends, of one whose sympathies are narrow, with a notion of self-willed, fanciful friendship; e.g. hann er ekki allra vinr, en hann er vinr vina sinna; vinr em ek vinar míns, en geld ek þat er ílla er til mín gört, Nj. 128. COMPDS: vina-boð, n. a feast of friends, Nj. 2, Fs. 12, 54, Fb. ii. 185, 227, Sturl. iii. 105. vina-fundr, m. a meeting of friends. Glúm. 336; var með þeim engi vinafundr, Fms. x. 60. vina-styrkr, m. strength, backing of friends; með frændafla ok vinastyrk, Vall. 213 vina-vandr, adj. particular as to friends; an expressive word, in phrase, vinfastr ok vinavandr, to have few but chosen friends, Nj. 30. vina-veizla, u, f. friendly = vinabod, Sturl. iii. 105, 125, Fs. 132, v.l.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0748, entry 18 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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þröng-færr, adj. narrow to pass, Fagrsk. ch. 279.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0748, entry 22 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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þröng-lendi, n. a narrow land, Al. 68, Stj. 618.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0748, entry 23 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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þröng-lent, n. adj. narrow, close, of a land, Landn. 127, Al. 32, Gullþ. 1.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0748, entry 25 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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ÞRÖNGR, þröng, þröngt, adj., often spelt þraungr, or even þrængr, þreyng-; the v appears before a vowel; compar. þröngvari, superl. þröngvastr, or contracted þröngri, þröngstr, þreyngstr; [North. E. thrang; Dan. trang; cp. A.S. þrang; Engl. throng, only as subst.] :-- narrow, close, tight; skyrtu þröngva, Rm.; vefjar upplutr þröngr, tight, Ld. 244; þar sem vóru þröngastir vegir, Fms. ix. 366; skógrinn var mikill ok þröngr, Nj. 130, Fms. i. 111; þar sem helzt vóru kleifar ok skógar þröngvastir, ix. 359; íkorninn fór jafnan þar sem þröngstr (þreyngstr, Hkr. l.c.) var skógrinn, Ó.H. 85; í þröngva dal þeim, in that narrow dale, Al. 26; geilar þreyngar at ríða at bænum, Orkn. 450; sú á heitir nú Þjórsá, féll þá miklu þraungra ok var djápari en nú, Eg. 99; þröngt varðhald, a close watch, Eluc. 60; settr í hit þröngasta klaustr, H.E. i. 487; þröngvar nauðsynjur, Sks. 321; var honum svá þröngt (his enemies were so close on him) at hann hleypti inn í kirkju, Fms. ix. 485. 2. thronged, crowded; þröngt var á skipinu, Ld. 56; valr lá þröngt á þiljum, Sighvat; nú skulu vér ganga heim at bænum, ok ganga þraungt ok fara seint, Nj. 197.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0748, entry 28 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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The following entry has been hand-corrected once. |
ÞRÖNGVA, þryngva, þreyngva; the later and mod. form is þrengja. In old poets this verb is strong, pret. þröng, þrungu, þrungit; thus pres. þröngr or þryngr, Ó.H. 107 (in a verse); pret. þröng, þrungu, Edda (in a verse), Fms. ix. (in a verse); subj. þryngvi, Orkn. (in a verse), Edda (in a verse); part. þrunginn, Hm., Skm. 31, Rm. 4, Skv. 34; in prose the participle þrunginn remains only as adjective, else the verb is now weak throughout, þröngva, ð: [Engl. throng; Germ. drängen; Dan. trænge; cp. Ulf, þreihan = GREEK.] B. Prop. to make narrow, press, with dat. and acc., þröngva e-m, to press on one, and þ. e-n, to throng one; hann tók at þrøngva mik mjök, he took and pressed me hard, squeezed me, Fms. x. 331; eigi byrjar mér at þröngva fólkinu svá mikla þraut, 370; Jón hefir lengi þröngt kosti hans, Orkn. 216; ok marga vega þröngva hennar kosti, Fms. i. 225; en er Kilbungar sá at alla vega þröngði kosti þeirra (impers.), in all ways their means were straitened, ix. 408; þ. e-n undir, to keep under, subdue, i. 297; þröngðir af sköttum ok skyldum, Stj.; þröngvandi nauðsyn, pressing necessity (cp. Germ. dringende noth), Dipl. iii. 5; þá þröngði hann nauðsyn til meiri dirfðar, Sks. 465 B; þ. e-m til e-s, to force one to a thing, 664; úynði þrengir þeim í hina herfiligstu hluti, 655 xxvi. 1; þrœyngir honum ofrkapp til úspekðar, Sks. 663 B: impers., ok þröngvir öngan stað eðr minkar, and tightens or decreases in no way, Rb. 334; Laugardaginn eptir þröngði svá sóttarfari konungsins, Fms. x. 148; hann hafði þröngt undir sik (subdued) mestum hluta lands, Sturl. iii. 2; áðr hann þryngvi und sik jörðu, Edda (in a verse); sá er þryngvi und sik Eyjum vestan, Orkn. (in a verse); jöfrar þrungu saman hjaldri, Fms. ix. (in a verse); hann hefir þrungit und sik Noregi, Ó.H. (in a verse); þrøngr at viðris veðri (impers.), the war-storm draws nigh, id.; þröng at rym randa, Fms. i. (in a verse); þeir þrungu (pressed) hlýr-tungli í (hendr) mér, they thrust it into my hand, Edda (in a verse). 2. to rush, press onward; mildingr þröng at hildi, Arnór. II. reflex., loptið þröngvisk ok þykknar, the air waxes close and thickens, Stj. 2. to throng; þröngvisk ér um ungan gram, Sighvat; at eigi þröngðisk menn at hánum, 656 C. 2; þeir réðusk í móti ok þröngðusk at vaðinu, Lv. 82; ok nú þröngisk hvárr í móti öðrum, Al. 79; Þorkell bað þær skynda, ok þröngðisk at þeim ok mælti. Fs. 76; þeir skyldi fara varliga er þeir kæmi í búðina, þreyngvask eigi, Ó.H. 156. III. part. þrunginn, stuffed full, loaded, fraught with, close; hár þitt er hélu þrungit, Hkv. 2. 42; ekka þrungit (tár), id.; dynr var í garði dröslum of þrungit (thronged), Akv. 35; skeiðum var þrungit á vatn af hlunni, Fms. ii. (in a verse); eftir er ykkr þrungit þjóðkonunga, Hðm. 4; þistill er var þrunginn í önn ofanverða, be thou like a thistle stuffed into the roof, a curse, Skm. 31; hleifr þrunginn sáðum, a loaf full of bran, Rm. 4: metaph., þrunginn móði, swoln with anger, Vsp. 30; þrungin dægr, dismal days, Rm. 11; hví þegit ér svá þrungin goð, oppressed, sulky, sullen, Ls. 7.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0752, entry 10 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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ÞVEIT, f., or þveiti, n. [the root is found in A.S. þwîtan, pret. þwât = to chop; North. E. thwaite; Chaucer to thwite; cp. also Dutch duit, whence Engl. doit, Germ. deut, Dan. döit = a bit] :-- prop. a 'cut-off piece,' but occurs only in special usages: 1. a piece of land, paddock, parcel of land, it seems orig. to have been used of an outlying cottage with its paddock; þær jarðir allar, bú ok þveiti, all the estates, manor and 'thwaite,' where bú and þveiti are opp. to one another, D.N. ii. 81; séttungs þ., áttungs-þ., id.; öng-þveiti, a narrow lane, strait. 2. freq. in local names in Norway and Denmark, tvæt, Dan. tvæde (whence Dan. Tvæde as a pr. name); and in North. E. Orma-thwaite, Braith-thwaite, Lang-thwaite, and so on, names implying Danish colonisation: Þveit, Þveitar, f., Þveitin, n., Þveitini (qs. Þveit-vin), Þveitar-ruð, n., Þveitar-garðr, m., Þveitar-fjall, n., D.N. passim; in Icel. local names it never occurs, and is there quite an obsolete word. II. a unit of weight; þveiti mjöls, Boldt; þveitis-leiga, a rent amounting to a þ.; þveitis-ból, a farm of the value or the rent of a þ.; tveggja þveitna (thus a gen. pl. as if from þveita) toll, þveitis toll, D.N. iii. 465; hálf þveit smœrs, Boldt 114. III. [Dutch duit, etc.], a kind of small coin, a doit, a subdivision of an ounce (= a fraction, cut-off piece); in weregild the baugþak was counted thus, sex aurar ok þveiti átta ens fimta tigar, i.e. six ounces and forty-eight doits; hálf mörk ok þveiti tvau ens fjórða tegar, a half mark and thirty-two doits; þrír aurar ok þveiti tuttugu ok fjögur, three ounces and twenty-four doits; tveir aurar ok þveiti sextan, two ounces and sixteen doits, Grág. (Kb.) i. 193; ef maðr stelr minna enn þveiti þá skal heita hvinn, N.G.L. i. 253, cp. B.K. 8-11, 28, 29; þar eru þveiti tuttugu ok þrjú at höfuðbaugi, ... átta þveiti, ok þriðjungr ens fimta þveitis, ok hálft fjórða þveiti ok þriðjungr ens þriðja þveitis ok hálft annat þveiti, Grág. (Kb.) i. 202.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0765, entry 9 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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ÖNGR, adj. [Goth. aggwus; A.S. enge (subst.); Germ. eng; Lat. ang-ustus; cp. Gr. GREEK, etc.] :-- narrow, strait; aka e-m í öngan krók, to drive one into a corner, Fms. vi. (in a verse, cp. aka ór öngum, see öngur); öngt ok þröngt, Skálda (in a verse); muntú í öngan ormgarð lagiðr, Skv. 3. 57; öngt garðs-hlið ok þröng gata er sú er leiðir til lífs, Barl. 45; halda e-n í öngri gæzlu, Str. 16; öngt í brjósti (cp. Germ. engbrustig), a nickname, Landn.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0765, entry 16 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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The following entry has been hand-corrected once. |
öng-þveiti, n. [see þveiti], a 'narrow place,' strait; at þú komir aldri síðan í slíkt öngðveiti, Ó.H. 120; verðr hverr fyrir sér at sjá, er menn koma í slíkt öngþveiti, Ld. 264.
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