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Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0570, entry 7 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry]

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hú-lic. Add: I. in direct questions. (1) qualifying a noun, what sort of :-- Húlic heáfod hæfð se Pater Noster?, Sal. K. 148, 14. (2) predicative, of what sort :-- Húlig is ðes? qualis est hic?, Mt. L. 8, 27. II. in indirect questions. (1) qualifying a noun, what sort of :-- Gecunnia and ásca huulic monn sé, Mt. L. 10, 14 marg. Gif hé wiste húlic wíf (qualis mulier) wére, Lk. L. 7, 39. Sceáwa húlice (húlco, L.) stánas and húlic (huulig, L.) timber aspice quales lapides et quales structurae, Mk. R. 13, 1. (2) predicative, of what sort :-- Þ-bar; hí him bróhtan heáfod tó, hé gesége húlic wre, Shrn. 76, 27. Hé giémde hwæt hé hæfde monna gerímes, and ne nóm náne ware húlice hié wron, Ors. 5, 4; S. 224, 22. (3) used substantively :-- Ðá ðe geségon húlic (hwelce, R.) geworden wére, Mk. L. 5, 16. Hé ædeáude húlco (qualia) wéro ðrouendo hreáferas, Lk. p. 9, 3. Húluco, Jn. p. 7, 1 2. v. hú.

Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0725, entry 4 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry]

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tó-weorpan. I. add :-- Hira gimmas licgeað tóworpne æfter strtum lapides dispersi per plateas jacent, Past. 135, 13. la. add :-- Tó-worpenum helle claus[tr]um destructis herebi claustris, Angl. xiii. 400, 498. II b. add :-- Se áwyrgeda gást tówearp þone wáh (parietem evertit), Gr. D. 125, 4. Mon tówearp þone weal niþer oþ þone grund Pompeius muros everti, aequarique solo imperavit, Ors. 5, 11; S. 238, 12.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0049, entry 4 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry]

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the Scandinavian and Saxon-Teutonic form of a Greek-Latin root word is to be sought for under the next letter following the course of the sun; thus the Greek-Latin f () answers to Icel. and Teutonic b; the Greek-Latin b (), on the other hand, to Teutonic p. Few letters present so many connections, as our b (initial) does to the Greek-Latin f, either in whole families or single words; some of the instances are dubious, many clear: GREEK, cp. Icel. balkr; GREEK, Lat. far, cp. barr; GREEK, GREEK, Lat. frare, cp. bora; GREEK, cp. barki; GREEK, GREEK, cp. bifa; GREEK, GREEK, Lat. fro, cp. bera, borinn; GREEK, cp. byrðr; GREEK, GREEK, Lat. fgio, cp. beygja, boginn, bugr; GREEK, Lat. fgus, cp. bók, beyki; GREEK, GREEK, Lat. fulgere, fulgur, cp. blik, blika; GREEK, Lat. flre, cp. blása, bólginn, Lat. follis, cp. belgr; GREEK, Lat. fls, cp. blóm; GREEK, GREEK, GREEK, cp. bani, ben; GREEK, cp. barmr; GREEK, GREEK, cp. borg, byrgja; GREEK, GREEK, cp. birta; GREEK, Lat. frter, cp. bróðir; GREEK, cp. brunnr; GREEK, cp. brattr (brant), brandr; GREEK, cp. brá; GREEK, GREEK, cp. brúk; GREEK, Lat. fo, fi, cp. búa, bjó, Engl. to be, and the particle be- (v. Grimm s.v. be- and bauen); GREEK, Lat. flium, cp. blað; GREEK, Lat. fcus, cp. baka: moreover the Lat. fcio, -fcio, cp. byggja; fastigium, cp. bust; favilla, cp. bál; frio, cp. berja; frox, frus, cp. ber-, björn; fervere, cp. brenna; fdus, foedus, cp. binda; findo, fdi, cp. bíta, beit; flgellum, cp. blaka; flectere, cp. bregða; fluctus, cp. bylgja; fdio, cp. bauta, Engl. to beat; fundus, cp. botn; fors, forte, cp. 'burðr' in 'at burðr;' frango, frgi, frgor, cp. breki, brak, brjóta; fraus (fraudis), cp. brjóta, braut; frges, fructus, cp. björk; fulcio, cp. búlki; frmo, cp. brim; frenum, cp. beisl, Engl. bridle; frons (frondis), cp. brum; -- even frons (frontis) might be compared to Icel. brandr and brattr, cp. such phrases as frontati lapides; -- ftum, fma, cp. boð, boða, etc. The Greek GREEK, GREEK might also be identical to our bl- in blíðr. The change is irregular in words such as Lat. pangere, Icel. banga; petere = biðja; parcere = bjarga; porcus = börgr; GREEK, cp. bekkr; probably owing to some link being lost. . in words imported either from Greek or Roman idioms the f sometimes remains unchanged; as the Byz. Greek GREEK is fengari, Edda (Gl.); sometimes the common rule is reversed, and the Latin or Greek p becomes b, as episcopus = biskup; leopardus = hlébarðr, Old Engl. libbard; ampulla = bolli; cp. also Germ. platz = Icel. blettr; again, plank is in the west of Icel. sounded blanki: on the other hand, Latin words such as bracca, burgus are probably of Teutonic or Celtic origin. . the old High German carried this interchange of consonants still farther; but in modern High German this interchange remains only in the series of dental mutes: in the b and g series of mutes only a few words remain, as Germ. pracht (qs. bracht), cp. Engl. bright; Germ. pfand, cp. Engl. bond; otherwise the modern Germans (High and Low) have, just as the English have, their braut, bruder, brod, and butter, not as in old times, prût, etc.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0054, entry 11 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry]

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The following entry has not been hand-corrected. However, the page is reserved and someone is correcting it.

bauta-steinn, Snorri (Hkr.) constantly uses the pl. form, but bautaðarsteinn, Fagrsk. 19, ^nd bautarsteinn, Hm. 72; m. the stone monuments of the olden age, esp. in Sweden and Denmark; the Hávamál 1. c. (sjaldan bautarsteinar standa brautu nær, nema reisi niðr at nið) tells us that these stones used to be placed along the high roads, like the sepul- chral monuments of old Rome; cp. the standing phrase on the Swedish- Runic stones -- her skal standa steinn ' naer brautu;' or, má eigi' brautar- kuml' (a roa d monument) betra verða; the high roads of old Sweden seem to have been lined with these monumental stones; even at the present time, after the destruction of many centuries, the Swedish-Runic stones (of the nth and I2th centuries) are counted by thousands. A great collection was made and drawings executed during the I7*h century (Buræus, etc.), but only published A. D. 1750, under the name of Bautil. The etymology of this word is much contested; some render it by ' s t on e s of the slain' (bauta, to slay), but this is contradicted by the passage in Hm. 1. c. and by the inscriptions themselves. The bauta stones were simply monuments erected by the piety of kindred and friends without any respect to sex or manner of death, either in war, on sea, or through sickness; some were even erected to the memory of living persons. They were usually tombstones; but many of them are memorial stones for men that died in foreign lands, Greece, Russia, the British Islands, etc. Neither is Snorri right in saying (Hkr. pref.) that the bautasteinar belonged to the old burning age (brunaöld), and were replaced by the cairns (haugar) in the subsequent cairn age (haugaöld) -- þá skyldi brenna alla dauða menn ok reisa eptir bauta- steina, en síðan er Freyr hafði heygðr verit at Uppsölum þá görðu margir höfðingjar eigi síðr hauga en bautasteina. Svíar tóku lík hans ok var hann brendr við á þá er Skúta heitir, þar vóru settir bautasteinar hans, Hkr. Yngl. ch. 17 -- the passage in Hávamál and the monuments refute this statement. The great bulk of the Scandinavian bauta stones seem to be of the nth and even 12th century. In Icel. no stones of that time are on record: var hann þá her heygðr skamt frá bsenum, ok settir upp bautasteinar, þeir er enn standa her, Hkr. i. 269; hávir bautasteinar standa hjá haugi Egils ullserks, 153, -- where Fagrsk. reads, í þau skip var lagðr í valrinn, ok orpnir þar haugar utan at; þar stendr ok bautaðar- steinn (= bautarsteinn in Hm. ?) hár sem Egill fell, p. 19; -- en eptir alia þá menn er nokkut mannsmót var at, skyldi reisa bautasteina, ok hélzt sa siðr lengi síðan, Hkr. Yngl. ch. 8. It is worth remarking that the Word ' bautasteinn' never occurs out of Icel. literature, and there only in the above passages, viz. once in the old Hm., once in the Fagrsk., four times in the Hkr., whence it has passed over to modern writers. The word is most probably only a corruption from brautarsteinar, lapides viae, (by dropping the r); cp. the analogous Swedish word, brautarkuml, monumentum viae, which occurs in the inscriptions themselves.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0328, entry 2 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry]

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JÖRFI, a, m. gravel; hann jós á þá jörfa ok moldu, Stj. 529. 2 Sam. xvi. 13, 'lapides terramque spargens' of the Vulgate :-- gravel, gravelly soil; þar var þá víða blásit ok jörvi, er þá vóru hlíðir fagrar, Fas. ii. 558; Þorsteinn gékk frá at jörva nökkurum, Þorst. Síðu H. 183: in local names, Jörfi (Eb.) in the west, and in the south Klifs-jörfi, also called Klifs-sandr, Bjarn. (in a verse). Jörva-sund, n., Hkv. 1. 24 (Bugge), Vídal., Skýr. 302.

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