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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0067, entry 22
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blá, f., pl. blár, an GREEK in a verse Ísl. ii. 233, where it seems to mean the billows, blue waves. Ivar Aasen records 'blaa' a Norse term for the blue horizon; cp. the Icel. phrase, út í bláinn (as from blár, m.), into the blue, of what is thrown away, words spoken without need or end. In the east of Icel. blá means a meadow covered with snow half melted away, Erik Jonsson, Dict. s.v.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0093, entry 28
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dag-mál, n. (vide dagr), prop. 'day-meal,' one of the divisions of the day, usually about 8 or 9 o'clock A. M.; the Lat. hora tertia is rendered by 'er vér köllum dagmál, 'which we call d., Hom. 142; cnn er ekki liðit af dagmálum, Hom. (St.) 10. Acts ii. 15; in Glúm. 342 we are told that the young Glum was very lazy, and lay in bed till day-meal every morning, cp. also 343; Hrafn. 28 and O.H.L. 18 -- á einum morni milli rismála ok dagmála -- where distinction is made between rismál (rising time) and dagmál, so as to make a separate dagsmark (q.v.) of each of them; and again, a distinction is made between 'midday' and dagmal, Ísl. ii. 334. The dagmal is thus midway between 'rising' and 'midday,' which accords well with the present use. The word is synonymous with dagverðarmál, breakfast-time, and denotes the hour when the ancient Icel. used to take their chief meal, opposed to náttmál, night-meal or supper-time, Fms. viii. 330; even the MSS. use dagmál and dagverðarmál indiscriminately; cp. also Sturl. iii. 4 C; Rb. 452 says that at full moon the ebb takes place 'at dagmálum.' To put the dagmál at 7.30 A.M., as Pál Vídalin does, seems neither to acccord with the present use nor the passage in Glum or the eccl. hora tertia, which was the nearest hour answering to the Icel, calculation of the day. In Fb. i. 539 it is said that the sun set at 'eykð' (i.e. half-past three o'clock), but rose at 'dagmál' which puts the dagmal at 8.30 A.M. COMPDS: dagmála- staðr, m. the place of d. in the horizon, Fb. I. dagmala-tið, f. morning terce, 625. 176.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0095, entry 1
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Óðinsdag, eðr Þórsdag, ok svá um alla vikudaga, etc., Bs. i. 237, cp. 165. Thus bishop John (died A.D. 1121) caused them to name the days as the church does (Feria sccunda, etc.); viz. Þriði-d. or Þriðju-d., Third-day = Tuesday, Rb. 44, K.Þ.K. 100, Ísl. ii. 345; Fimti-d., Fifth-day -- Thursday, Rb. 42, Grág. i. 146, 464, 372, ii. 248, Nj. 274; Föstu-d., Fast-day = Friday; Miðviku-d., Midweek-day = Wednesday, was borrowed from the Germ. Mittwoch; throughout the 12th and 13th centuries, however, the old and new names were used indiscriminately. The question arises whether even the old names were not imported from abroad (England); certainly the Icel. of heathen times did not reckon by weeks; even the word week (vika) is probably of eccl. Latin origin (vices, recurrences). It is curious that the Scandinavian form of Friday, old Icel. Frjádagr, mod. Swed.-Dan. Fredag, is A.S. in form; 'Frjá-,' 'Fre-,' can hardly be explained but from A.S. Freâ-, and would be an irregular transition from the Norse form Frey. The transition of ja into mod. Swed.-Dan. e is quite regular, whereas Icel. ey (in Frey) would require the mod. Swed.-Dan. ö or u sound. Names of weekdays are only mentioned in Icel. poems of the 11th century (Arnór, Sighvat); but at the time of bishop John the reckoning by weeks was probably not fully established, and the names of the days were still new to the people. 5. the day is in Icel. divided according to the posi- tion of the sun above the horizon; these fixed traditional marks are called dags-mörk, day-marks, and are substitutes for the hours of modern times, viz. ris-mál or miðr-morgun, dag-mál, há-degi, mið-degi or mið-mundi, nón, miðr-aptan, nátt-mál, vide these words. The middle point of two day-marks is called jafn-nærri-báðum, in modern pronunciation jöfnu-báðu, equally-near-both, the day-marks following in the genitive; thus in Icel. a man asks, hvað er fram orðið, what is the time? and the reply is, jöfnubáðu miðsmorguns og dagmála, half-way between mid-morn- ing and day-meal, or stund til (to) dagmála; hallandi dagmál, or stund af (past) dagmálum; jöfnu-báðu hádegis og dagmúla, about ten or half- past ten o'clock, etc. Those day-marks are traditional in every farm, and many of them no doubt date from the earliest settling of the country. Respecting the division of the day, vide Pál Vídal. s.v. Allr dagr til stefnu, Finnus Johann., Horologium Island., Eyktamörk Íslenzk (published at the end of the Rb.), and a recent essay of Finn Magnusson. II. denoting a term, but only in compounds, dagi, a, m., where the weak form is used, cp. ein-dagi, mál-dagi, bar-dagi, skil- dagi. III. jis a pr. name, Dagr, (freq.); in this sense the dat. is Dag, not Degi, cp. Óðinn léði Dag (dat.) geirs síns, Sæm. 114. COMPDS: daga-tal, n. a tale of days, Rb. 48. dags-brun, v. above. dags- helgi, f. hallowedness of the day, Sturl. i. 29. dags-ljós, n. daylight, Eb. 266. dags-mark, v. above. dags-megin, n., at dags magni, in full day, 623. 30. dags-munr, m. a day's difference; svá at d. sér á, i.e. day by day, Stj.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0191, entry 13
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gangr, m. [A. S. gong; Scot. gang = a walk, journey; Dan. gang; Swed. gång; cp. Germ. gehen] :-- a going, walking, Sks. 370; vera á gangi, to be walking to and fro, Grett. 153: metaph., röng eru mál á gangi, bad reports are going about, Bs. i. (in a verse); vápn á gangi, weapons clashing (vide II. 2. below), Grág. ii. 8; þá var hvert járn á gangi, Fb. i. 212 :-- gefit mér gang, give me way, passage, let me go, Fms. xi. 275, 347 :-- pace, a horseman's term, engan (hest) hafa þeir slíkan séð bæði sakir gangs ok vaxtar, Róm. 422: Icel. say, það er enginn g. í honum, he has no pacing or ambling in him; or gang-lauss, adj. not pacing :-- grazing, úti-g., útigangs-hestr, opp. to a stall-fed horse :-- course, of the sun, stars, moon, gangr himin-tungla, Edda (pref.), hence sólar-g., the course of the sun above the horizon = day; stuttr, lítill, langr sólar-g., a short, long day :-- course, of money. II. metaph., 1. a going onward, prevailing, being in vogue; hafa mikinn gang, to be much in vogue, Al. 87; heldr er vaxandi g. at þeim, they were rather on the increase, Gísl. 66; þótti þeim hann hafa ofmikinn gang (favour) af konungi, Fms. ii. 54; með-g., good luck; mót-g., adversity; upp-g., thrift; á-gangr, inroad; yfir-g., tyranny. 2. rapid or furious going; þá var svá mikill gangr at um aptr-göngur Þórólfs, at ..., the huntings of Th. (a ghost) went so far, that ..., Eb. 314; ok nú görisk svá mikill g. at, Gísl. 151; svá görðisk mikill g. at þessu, Eb. 174; svá mikill g. var orðinn at eldinum, the fire had got to such a height, Bs. i. 445; elds-g., fire; vápna-g., a clash of weapons; vatna-g., a rush, flood of water; öldu-g., sjáfar-g., high waves; brim-g., furious surf; skriðu-g., desolation from earth-slips; berserks-g., berserker fury :-- trampling, horns g. ok hófs, Grág. ii. 122. 3. law term, a process; laga-g., Skálda 201, rare in old writers, but freq. in mod., Dan. rettergang. 4. medic. a discharge, esp. from the stomach; vall-gangr, excrement; þarfa-g., urine; þeir vóru sumir er drukku gang sinn, Al. 168; niðr-g., diarrhoea; upp-g., expectoration :-- a privy, ganga til gangs, Grág. ii. 119; þeir skyldu hafa búðar-tópt Skútu fyrir gang, Rd. 305; nú er hundr bundinn í gangi, Grág. l.c. III. collective, a gang, as in Engl.; drauga-g., a gang of ghosts; músa-g., a gang of mice; gaura-g., a gang of roughs; trolla-g., a gang of trolls (giants); þjófa-g., a gang of thieves. -- Vide göng, n. pl. a lobby.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0228, entry 1
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HAF, n. [Swed. haf; Dan. hav; formed from hefja, to lift; a Scandin. word, which seems not to occur in Saxon or Germ.] :-- the sea, Hdl. 38; esp. the high sea, the ocean; sigla í (á) haf, láta í haf, to put to sea, Eg. 69, Nj. 4; fimm (sex) dægra haf, five (six) days' sail, Landn. 26; koma af hafi, to come off the sea,i.e. to land, Eg. 392; en haf svá mikit millum landanna, at eigi er fært langskipum, Hkr. i. 229; harm sigldi norðr í haf um haustið, ok fengu ofviðri mikit í hafi, Ó. H. 26; sigldi Þórarinn þá á haf út, 125; sigldu síðan á haf út þegar byr gaf, Eg. 125; en byrr bar þá í haf út, id.; en er sóttisk hafit, 126; liggja til hafs, to lie to and wait for a wind, Bs. i. 16; hann dó í hafi, he died at sea, Landn. 264; þeir vissusk jafnan til í hafinu, 56; veita e-m far um hafit, Eb. 196; tyrir austan mitt haf, beyond the sea (i.e. between Iceland and Scandinavia); en er inn sækir í fjörðinn þá er þar svá vítt sem mikit haf, Fms. vi. 296 (for the explanation of this passage see Aarböger for Nord. Oldk. 1868); útí fjarðar-kjapta þar til er haf tekr við, Bs. i. 482: in plur., ganga höf stór ór útsjánum inn í jörðina, Hkr. (begin.); út-haf, regin-haf, the ocean; Íslands-haf, the sea between Iceland and Norway, Fms. vi. 107, Band. 9; Grænlands-haf, the sea between Greenland and America, Fms. iv. 177; Englands-haf, the English Sea, i.e. the North Sea, between England and Norway, 329, x. 272, 398, xi. 201, Fær. 88; Írlands-haf, the Irish Sea, i.e. the Atlantic, Þorf. Karl. 390; Álanz-haf, the gulf of Bothnia, Orkn. (begin.); Sólundar-haf, the sea of the Sulin Island (Norway), Fms. x. 34, 122; Grikklands-haf, the Grecian Archipelago, vi. 134, 161, vii. 85, passim; Svarta-haf, the Black Sea, Hkr. i. 5, Fms. vi. 169; Jótlands-haf, the Cattegat, 264; Jórsala-haf, the sea of Jerusalem, i.e. the Mediterranean, x. 85, Fb. iii; Rauða-haf or Hafið Rauða, the 'Red Sea,' i.e. the Ocean (mythol.), nú heldr jörð griðum upp, en himininn varðar fyrir ofan, en Hafit Rauða fyrir utan, er liggr um lönd öll þau er vér höfum tíðendi af, Grág. i. 166; in mod. usage the Red Sea = Sinus Arabicus; Dumbs-haf, the Polar Sea, Landn.; Miðjarðar-haf, the Mediterranean; Atlants-haf, the Atlantic; Kyrra-haf, the Pacific (these three in mod. writers only). COMPDS: hafs-afl, n. the main, Sks. 606, v.l. hafs-auga, n., see p. 33, col. 2 (). hafs-botn, m. a gulf; firðir ok hafs-botnar, Sks. 199: of the Polar Sea, as the ancients supposed a continuity of land between Greenland and Europe, Fms. xi. 411; hafsbotn er heitir Svarta-haf, Hkr. i. 5. hafs-brún, f. the 'sea-brow,' the sea-line on the horizon, cp. lands-brún, s. v. brún, p. 84. hafs-flóð, n. a deluge, Rb. 444. hafs-geil, f. a sea lane, i.e. a narrow strait, Stj. 287. Exod. xiv. 22, 23. hafs-geimr, m. = hafsmegin. hafs-megin, n. the main, the high sea; sakir hafsmegins, storma ok strauma, Fms. i. 153; þótti þeim íllt at eiga lengr við hafsmegin, i.e. they longed for land, Eb. 120; allmikill harmr er þat, er vér eigum svá langt hingað at sækja, fyrst hafs-megin mikit, etc. (i.e. between Iceland and Sweden), Ó. H. 57. haf-alda, u, f. a roller, wave. haf-att, f. = hafgola. haf-bára, u, f. a wave, Stj. 26. haf-bylgja, f. id., Bs. ii. 50. haf-fugl, m. a sea-bird, Stj. 78. haf-færr and haf-færandi, part. sea-going, sea-worthy, of a ship, Eg. 364, Hkr. ii. 183, Krók. 42. haf-för, f. a sea voyage, Landn. 174. haf-gerðingar, f. pl. 'sea-fens,' portentous waves mentioned by old sailors in the main between Iceland and America, described in Sks. 171, Bs. i. 483; hann fór til Grænalands ok hom í hafgerðingar, Landn. 319 (10th century), whence Hafgerðinga-drápa, u, f. the name of a poem (a votive poem composed during a tornado), Landn. 320. haf-gjálfr, n. the roar of the sea, Bs. i. 119, ii. 50, Róm. 369. haf-gola, u, f. a sea breeze, Eb. 8, Eg. 370, 373, Sturl. iii. 70. haf-gúfa, u, m. a mermaid, Sks. 138, Fas. ii. 249, Edda (Gl.) haf-hallt, adj. standing seaward, Fms. i. 62, 63. haf-hrútr, m. a sea ram, Fms. viii. 373. haf-íss, m. 'sea-ice,' i.e. drift ice, Landn. 30, Bs. ii. 5, Eb. 292, Ann. 1233, 1261, 1275, 1306, 1319, 1375. haf-kaldr, adj., poët. cold as the sea, Lex. Poët. haf-kóngr, m. a kind of shell, Eggert Itin. haf-lauðr, n., poët. sea foam, Lex. Poët. haf-leið, f. standing seawards, Fms. i. 59. haf-leiðis, adv. seawards, Hkr. i. 181. Haf-liði, a, m. 'Sea-slider,' a pr. name, Landn. haf-ligr, adj. marine, Sks. 605. haf-nest, n. provisions for a voyage, Grett. 94 A, Eb. haf-nýra, n., poët. a 'sea-kidney,' a pearl, Hd. haf-reið, f., poët. a ship. haf-rek, n. a wreck, Gþl. 519. haf-reka, adj. indecl. wrecked, tossed about, Ann. 1347. haf-rekinn, part. shipwrecked, Bs. i. 819. haf-rekstr, m. wreck, jetsum; með öllum gögnum ok gæðum, með flutningum ok hafrekstri, Dipl. iii. 10. haf-ræðr, adj. sea-worthy, able-bodied, of a sailor, B. K. 20. haf-rœna, u, f. a sea breeze. haf-rœnn, adj. blowing from the sea. haf-sigling, f. a voyage. hafsiglingar-maðr, m. a seaman, mariner, Landn. 28. haf-skip, n. a sea-going ship, Landn. 47, Grág. ii. 397, Eg. 130, Fms. ii. 219. haf-skíð, n., poët. a ship. haf-skrimsl, n. a sea-monster, Sks. 86. haf-sleipnir, m. a sea-horse, poët. a ship. haf-stormr, m. a storm at sea, Bret. 98, Sks. 227. haf-strambr, m. a fabulous sea-monster, Sks. 166, Ann. 1305. haf-straumr, m. a sea current, Lex. Poët. haf-súla, u, f. a kind of bird, bassanus. haf-tyrðill, m. uria alla, a sea-bird, Edda (Gl.) haf-velktr, part. sea-tossed, Krók. 75. haf-viðri, n. a sea breeze, Landn. 225, Eg. 373, Bárð. 6 new Ed. haf-villr, adj. having lost one's course at sea, Nj. 267, v.l. haf-villur, f. pl. loss of one's course at sea, Finnb. 242; rak þá víða um hafit, vóru þeir flestir innanborðs at á kom hafvilla, Ld. 74; koma nú á fyrir þeim myrkr ok hafvillur, Fms. iii. 181, Þorf. Karl. 372. haf-þrunginn, part. sea-swoln, Mar.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0235, entry 1
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in words or acts; halla dómi, to give an unfair judgment, Gþl. 174, Fs. 121, Sks. 662; h. sögu, to give an unfair report, Fms. vi. 261; ok um allar sagnir hallaði hann mjök til, id., Nj. 270; h. orðum til, to impute, Fms. ix. 332; h. eptir e-m, to be swayed, biased in one's favour, 59; mér þykir þér hafa hallat til -- hallat hefi ek víst (no doubt have I swerved) segir konungr, ok þó í hag þér, ii. 272; halla sæmd e-s, to let one's honour swerve, do it injury, Orkn. 240; h. undan e-u, to avoid, shun one, Al. 83; h. sér, to lean with one's body, seig at honum svefn, ok hallaði hann sér í kné henni, Fb. i. 280: with acc., h. sik (less correct), Karl. 292. III. impers. to swerve, with dat.; taka stór tré ok fella á Orminn, svá at honum halli til, so that she (the ship) swerved on one side, Fms. ii. 326; skip sveif upp á grunn ok hallaði (viz. því) mjök, vii. 264; hallaði honum svá at sjór féll inn á annat borð, Eg. 386. 2. to decline, of the day; þegar er út hallaði á kveldum, Lv. 43; hence Icel. say of the day-marks, hallandi dagmál, hádegi, nón, ... náttmál, past dagmál, i.e. when the sun has just passed the day-mark in the horizon; sólu hallar, the sun sinks, Þjal. Jón 28; or degi hallar, the day is sinking, Luke ix. 12; or hallar út degi, as Til hafs sól hraðar sér | hallar út degi, Hymn-book, No. 294; vetri, sumri hallar, the winter, summer is declining, Fas. ii. 552. 3. of a river-basin, to slope; hann skildi eigi fyrr við þá en hallaði af norðr, Boll. 348; stigum þeim er hölluðu frá þjóðgötum, Sks. 1: the phrase, það hallar undan fæti, it slopes down hill. 4. tafli hallar á e-n, the game turns against one, Karl. 205. IV. reflex. to lean with the body; Bolli hallaðisk upp at sels-vegginum, Ld. 244; hann hallaðisk ok lagði höfuð (he nodded and laid his head) í kné Finni Árnasyni, Ó. H. 210; lengi ek hölluðumk, long have I been nodding (from sleep), Sl. 36; hann hallaðisk undan högginu, Fms. vi. 66. 2. to swerve; þá tók mjök at hallask Ormrinn, the ship lay over-much on one side, Fms. ii. 229: to be turned, tók þá at hallask taflit, svá at öðrum var komit at máti, Bs. ii. 186; á þá hallaðisk bardaginn, the battle turned against them, O. H. L. 20; hallask eptir e-u, to swerve towards a thing, Fms. ii. 32; h. til vináttu við e-n, Fs. 116: metaph., at mín virðing mundi halla (that my honour would be tarnished) af þínu tilstilli, Lv. 34.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0244, entry 26
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-bunga, denoting the point in the horizon under the hádegi. há-eyrr,

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0296, entry 9
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HVARF, n. [hverfa], prop, a 'turning away,' disappearance: of a thing being stolen, hvörf ok stuldir, Fbr.; hvarf Iðunnar, Edda 46, Ld. 206, Band. 12 new Ed.: cp. sól-hvörf, sun-turn, i. e. the solstice. rann hann þeim þar hvarf (mod. á hvarf), he ran out of their sight, Sturl. ii. 145; hlaupit í burt með ok runnit þeim skjótt hvarf, Bs. i. 704: in mod. usage a hill on the horizon is called hvarf; á hvarf, to go to the other side of a hill so as to be out of sight: vera á hvörfum, to waver, Skv. 3. 38. 2. shelter; því ek hefi nú leitat áðr allra hvarfa, Barl. 59; ef björn er horfinn í híði, lýsi því í fjölda manna at þat er hans hvarf (lair), N. G. L. i. 46; at-hvarf, shelter; göra sér e-n at hvarfi, to call on a friend, Fms. iv. 292. II. a local name for Cape Wrath in Scotland, Bs. i. 483; Hvarfs-gnipa, u, f. Cape Farewell in Greenland, A. A.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0320, entry 9
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JAÐARR, m., dat. jaðri, pl. jaðrar; a form jöðurr (as vaðall and vöðull) occurs in Vsp. 5: [A. S. and Hel. edor = septum; provinc. Bavarian ettor, Schmeller] :-- the edge, selvage, of cloth, Grág. i. 408, Nj. 176, v.l.; of a tent, Stj. 307, Str. 40: of a sail, Mag.: of the limb of the moon, Rb. 34: the edge-beam or rail of a paling, sá garðr er gildr, er öln er á meðal staurs hvers, en hjástaurr enn þriði, ok jaðarr er yfir, N. G. L. i. 246: poët., himin-jöður, the 'sky-border,' horizon, Vsp.; ský-jaðarr, 'cloud-border,' the heaven, Geisli 2; sólar-jaðarr, id.: the edge of the hand (handar-jaðarr), Edda 110: the border along the shore, með Blálands jaðri, Lex. Poët.; fróns jaðarr, id.; Eylands jaðarr = ora maritima, Merl. 2. 5: whence a local name of the Norse district, Jaðarr, m. Jæderen; also Jaðar-byggð, f., and Jaðar-byggjar, m. pl. the men of the country J., Fb., Fms. passim. II. metaph. [A. S. eodor, Beow.], the foremost, best, with gen.; Ása jaðarr, the best of all the Ases, Ls. 35: fólks jaðarr, the best of men, Hkv. 2. 40; goðs jaðarr, the highest god -- Odin, Stor. 22; hers jaðarr, Fm. 36, Merl.

Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0376, entry 34
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LÁGR, adj., compar. lægri, superl. lægstr; [Dan. lav; Swed. l og; not found in A. S., so that probably the Engl. low is borrowed from the Scandin. word] :-- low; lát hæl þinn síga nokkut svá lægra en tær, Sks. 372; at nti sé lægra í hornínu en áðr, Edda 32; cn lægstr Magnúss kross, Hkr. iii. 221; þá er sólin er lag um kveldit, when the sun is low on the horizon, þiðr. 338: s h or t, þat er mitt ráð, at þú trúir aldri lágum manni ok rauðskeggjuðum, F'ms. xi. 428; öxi mikla ok lágt skaptið, Sturl. i. 64; jjórðr enn lági, Ó. H. 139 :-- low, low-lying, of land, þegar regn koma þá er úvært at biia þar sem lágt liggr, Fms. vi. 136 :-- low, of the voice; hann svarar ok heldr lágt, i. 159; konnngr tók kveðju hans lágt, Sturl. iii. 305; biðja fyrir sér lágt, Hom. (St.) II. phrases, bera lágt höfuð, t o c a rry o ne's head low, hang the head, be discomfited, Nj. 94; stefna þá at Birkibeinum ok standa nu en gum mun laegra en þeir, are noworse off than they, Fms. ix. 44; en hina lægri daga (the lower holy days) þrim aurum, K. Á. 170; munda ek þat vilja áðr þessu þingi er lokit, at ér færit lægra, I would like to see ye lowered, humbled, Nj. 220; bera lægra hlut, t o ^ et the worst of it. Fms. v. 59, vi. 412.

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