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Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0508, entry 2
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The following entry has been hand-corrected once.

hand-griþ. Add: security granted by a person in authority, cf. hand; II. 2 :-- Cyricgrið binnan wágum and cyninges handgrið, Ll. Th. i. 166, 21. Godes cyricgrið and crístenes cynincges handgrið, 358, 261. Gehálgodes cyninges handgrið, Wlfst. 266, 11.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0522, entry 12
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heals-fang. Substitute: A legal payment of varying amount according to the status of a person, to be paid by him as a due or fine, or to be received by him or on his account for injury done to kim, (1) to be paid as a due :-- Medemra þegna heregeata : hors and his gerda and his wpn oððe (in L. H., et suum hal[s]fang, 559, 7) his healsfang (halsfangc, v. l.) on Wessexan, Ll. Lbmn. 358, 14. (2) to be paid as a penalty :-- Gif for godbótan feohbót áríseð, swá swá wise woroldwitan steóre gesettan, gebyreð . . . for woroldsteóran godcundan neódan, hwílum be wíte, hwílum be wergylde, hwílum be halsfange. Ll. Lbmn. 258, § 51. (a) where it is the heals-fang of the payer :-- Gif fríman an ðane forbodenan tíman [wyrce], sió healsfange scyldig . . . Gif ceorl búton wífes wísdóme deóflum gelde, sié ealra his htan scyldig and healsfange. Gif bútwú deóflum geldaþ, sión hió healsfange scyldigo and ealra htan . . . Gif mon his heówum in fæsten flsc gefe, frigne ge þeówne halsfange álýse. Ll. Lbmn. 13, 11-21. Gyf freóman freólsdæge wyrce, þonne gebéte mid his halsfange (decem solidos persoluat, Inst. Cnut. ), 342, 26. Gyf hláford his þeówan freólsdæge nýde weorce . . . gylde lahslit se hláford mid Denum, wíte mid Englum (dominus det halsfang, Inst. Cnut. ), 345, 1. Gyf hwá on leásre gewitnesse openlíce stande . . . gylde þám cingce oððe landrícan be healsfange (persoluat regi aut domino terre x solidos, quod Dam uocant halsfang, Inst. Cnut. ), 338, 24. Reddat regi . . . helsfang, 557, 10. (b) where it is the healsfang of the injured person :-- Gif man æt unlagum man bewpnige, forgilde hine be halsfange (x sol. ei emendet, Inst. Cnut.; halsfangium eius emendet, 606, 12); gif hine man gebinde, forgilde be healfan were, 350, 15. ¶It formed the first part of the compensation (wer) paid to the friends of a slain person, and it is in this connection that most detail is given, the amount, time of payment, and recipients of the healsfang being stated :-- Twelfhyndes mannes wer is twelf hund scyllinga . . . Gif man ofslægen weorðe, gylde hine man swá geboren sý. And riht is ðæt se slaga . . . finde wærborh . . . þonne þæt gedón sý, ðonne rre man cyninges munde . . . Of ðm dæge on .xxi. nihtan gylde man LXX. sc UNCERTAIN , healsfange æt twelfhyndum were. Healsfang gebyreð bearnum, bróðrum and fæderan; ne gebyreð nánum mge ðæt feoh búte ðám ðe binnan cneówe. Of ðám dæge ðe ðæt healsfang ágolden on .xxi. nihtan gylde man ðá manbóte . . . 392, 3-23: 190, 10. Further details concerning the healsfang in the case of the ceorl may be gained from the laws of Henry I. which show that the healsfang was part of the wer :-- In omni weregildo debet halsfang primo reddi, sicut were modus erit . . . Qui natus sit ad iiii. libras [= twihindus homo] . . . halsfang eius sunt v mar, que faciunt xii. sol, et vi. den. Si quis ad iiii. UNCERTAIN libras persoluendus occidatur, et ad id res ueniat, ut precio natalis eius componendus sit, primo debent reddi xii. sol. et vi. den. et in wera numerari. Reddantur uero patri uel filio uel fratri . . . et ipsi diuidant inter se. A die qua wera uadiata est in xxi diem debet halsfang reddi, et hoc indiuisum habeant a ceteris . . . reddatur vii sol. et vi dn. UNCERTAIN ad expletionem xx sol. (i. e. the healsfang ( = 12s. 6d. ) + 7s. 6d. made the first pound) [Then three successive pounds were to be paid, making four pounds in all, the amount of the slain man's wer], 581, 8-582, 17. According to the laws of William I the widow of a slain man shared (or received) the healsfang, 498, 499, § 9. [Heals-fang means literally the seizing by the neck or throat (collicipium is the rendering of the word in the old Latin version of Cnut's Laws, Ll. Lbmn. 339, 24: 343, 25). Cf. the passage in Beowulf, where in the description of such an action heals and fón are used: Fýrdraca . . . rsde on þone rófan, . . . heals ealne ymbeféng biteran bánum, 2691. Its formation may be compared with that of feax-fang (an action to which the law attached a penalty), a word which with the similar berd-fang is found in the Frisian laws. In these laws, too, is mentioned the offence of seizing by the hals (Huaso orem grypt oen syn hals, dat di adema hor ut ner in mey), to which the term heals-fang might very well have been applied in Old English. As in the Old English legal phraseology the word which denotes an offence denotes also the fine which is to be paid for that offence, healsfang in the first instance might have denoted the action, then the fine paid for the assault, and then, like wergild, have come to be regarded as a standard for fines in the case of other offences (cf. first passage under (2) above :-- Hwílum be wergylde, hwílum be halsfange). And it may be noted that in two of the instances where a fine is determined by healsfang the offences involve violence, unlawful disarming, and manslaughter. Halsfang occurs in Frisian law, but its meaning is not defined. Richthofen explains it as a 'Menschen- oder Mädchen-raub'. The word occurs in Icelandic, as well as a verb háls-fengja, meaning respectively an embrace and to embrace.]


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0538, entry 11
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here-geatu. Add: [The word occurs very rarely in the singular; indeed be hergeate, Ll. Th. i. 412, 26, seems the only instance that number. Plural forms are n. ac. -geatwei,(-a), -geata(-u, -e); dat -geat-wum, -geatum.] I :-- Eahta hund eóredmanna ealle mid beregeatwum gegerede, Nar. 4, 13. Twégen englas gesceldode and gesperode and mid heregeatwum (heora geatwum, v. l. ; but see Bl. N. 24), Bl. H. 221, 28. II :-- Beón þá heregea a (-e. v.l.) swá hit mðlic sý, Ll. Th. i. 414, 4: 15. Beón þá heregeata forgvfene, 420, 16. becwæð ðæt man . . . tilode his hergeatwæn ðæs ðe man habban sceolde, C. D. iii. 352, 16 Man selle mínum hláforde ðæt gold mínum heregeatum, iv. 300, 20. Ðám cinge mínne hæregeatwa, v. 333, 10. His láf his hergeatu ðám cincge bróhte, iii. 315, 8. Heregete, iv. 292, 5. Ne teó se hláford máre bútan his rihtan heregeate (-a, v. l.], Ll. Th. i. 412, 30. Gelste lc wuduwe þá heregeata (-u, v. l. ) binnan twelf mónðum, 416, 16. For instances of heriots see C. D. ii. 380, 27: iii. 127 22 : 304, 30: 360, 19: iv. 299, 19 (of a woman) : vi. 147, 5 : Cht. Th. 573, 3 : 292, 5 (of a bishop] : Cht. Crw. 23, 5. . See Ll. Lbmn. ii. 500.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0540, entry 21
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híg hay, mown grass. Take here heg (l. hég) in Dict., and add :-- Hég foenum, Wrt. Voc. i. 289, 45. Græs oððe hig fenum, ii. 35, 30. Swé swé hég (faenum) hreðlíce ádrúgiað. Ps. Srt. Ps. Spl. 36, 2. Híg, Ps. L. 36, 2. Hýg, 101, 5. Ic sceal fyllan binnan oxan mid híg (foeno), Coll. M. 20, l. 'Hé máweþ heig (gærs, v.l. fenum) on þissere dene' . . . þá geseah ealle meówon heig . . . ' Ber þis gréne híg (gærs, v.l.) þám horsum mete,' Gr. D. 36, 2-29.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0548, entry 5
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hlfdige. Add: I. the mistress of a household (lit. and fig.) :-- Hýredes hláford paterfamilias, hýredes móder oððe hlfdige materfamilias, Wrt. Voc. i. 73, 21. Seó sáwl is ðæs flsces hlfdige, and hire gedafnað heó simle gewylde ðá wylne, is flsc hyre hsum. Þwyrlíce færð æt ðám húse þr seó wyln bið þre hlfdigan wissigend, and seó hlfdige bið þre wylne underðeódd. Hml. S. 17, 8-12. Þre hláfdian matrone, Wrt. Voc. ii. 54, 65. Swé swé égan menenes hondum hláfdian hire (dominae suae), Ps. Srt. 122, 2. I a. the lady superior of a convent :-- Galla, Godes mennen, laþode hire þá móder and hlfdian eallre þre gesomnunge cunctae congregationis accivit matrem, Gr. D. 280, 20. Þá foregangendan hlfdian, 26. II. a queen (lit. or fig.) :-- Ætstód kquén hlfdige (regina) æt swíðran þínum, Ps. L. 44, 10. Seó sáwul is þæs líchoman hlfdige, and heó gewissað þá fíf andgitn swá swá of cynesætle ... Hyre gedafnað heó swá swá hlfdige foresceáwige hwæt heó gehwylcum lime bebeóde dónne, Hml. S. 1, 195-203. II a. applied to the Virgin Mary the queen of heaven, Our Lady :-- Eálá þú hlfdige, ealles middaneardes cwén, Hml. S. 23 b, 487: 472. Bide þá eádigan Sanctan Marian þíne leófan hlfdian, Angl. xii. 515, 2. II b. as title of an English king's wife. (1) in the king's lifetime :-- Hugon þe seó hléfdige (Ethelred's queen) heafde hire gesett geréfan, Chr. 1003; P. 135, 6. Se cyng (Edward) geaf þre hlfdian (cf. seó cwén, 182, 7) eall heó r áhte, 1052; P. 183, 12. Æ-acute;rest his kynehláforde nne beáh on hundeahtotigan mancysan goldes ... And þre hlfdian (hldigan, C.D. ii. 380, 29) (dominae suae reginae, 504, 1) nne beáh on þrittigan mancyssan goldes, Cht. Th. 501, 10. Ic ann mínæn cinæhláfordæ ... and þám æþelingæ ... and þre hlfdigan ..., 553, 37. (2) after the king's death :-- Hér forðférde Cnut cing ... and Ælfgyfu Imme seó hlfdie sæt ðr (Winchester) binnan, Chr. 1035; P. 158, 11. On þýs ylcan geáre forðférde seó ealde hlfdige (the queen dowager), Eádwerdes cinges móder, Imme hátte, 1051; P. 172, 32. Eadweard cingc and Ælfgyfu seó hléfdige (cf. Ego, Eadward rex ... Ego, Ælfgyfa praedicti regis mater ..., 75, 8), C.D. iv. 76, 13. Eádgyð seó hlfdie forðférde, seó wæs Eádwardes cynges geresta, Chr. 1076; P. 212, 19. III. as a form of courteous address, lady(?) :-- Cueð hir se Hlend, 'Maria' (in the margin is on Englis, hláfdia), Jn. L. 20, 16.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0574, entry 1
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the entertainment of travellers, a public house, an inn :-- Fald oððe hús be wege stabulum. Wrt. Voc. i. 85, 72. III. a building for the keeping of animals :-- Sceápa hús ovile, gáta hús caprile, Wrt. Voc. i. 58, 26, 27. Gáta hús caprile, hunda hús canile, ii. 23, 12, 13. Hunda hús canile, domus canis, 128, 20. Sió leó ábít hire ágenes húses hirde, Met. 13, 31. IV. a building for storage, for the keeping of material; --Wæterscipes hús colimbus, Wrt. Voc. i. 57, 56. v. æppel-, corn-, híg-hús. V. the place of abode of a religious fraternity ? :-- Eádige weorðað þá þe eardiað on þ ínum húsum (or under II a?), hálig Drihten beati qui habitant in domo tua, Domine, Ps. Th. 83, 5. VI. a building (without specifying its purpose) :-- Gif preóst on unhálgodon húse mæssige, Ll. Th. ii. 292, 16. VII. a household :-- Giléfde and hús (híwrden. W.S.) his all, Jn. R. L. 4, 53. Nán hús næs binnan þre byrig hit næfde þre wrace angolden, Ors. 6, 23; S. 274, 12. VIII. a family, race :-- Jacobes, Israhéla, Aarones hús, Ps. Th. 113, 1. 18, 19. IX. used figuratively :-- gebrosnad is hús under hrófe, Cri. 14.þre hálignesse hús (Elizabeth's womb), Bl. H. 163, 11. Drihten, þú eart . . . min hús, and nun éðel domus mea, patria mea, Solil. H. ii. 7: Cri. 1482: Gú. 774: El. 1237. ðe gisceóp mec (the Virgin Mary) eftgireste in úse mínum (in tabernaculo meo, Rtl. 65, 17. Timbrian hús his módes on þám fæstan stáne eáðmetta, Bt. 12 ; F. 36, 21. Drihten ásette on sunnan his hús (tabernaculum), Bl. H. 9, 31. In ð á éco húso in aeterna tabernacula, Lk. L. 16, 9. used of heaven and hell :-- ic þe in gelde on mínes Fæder hús, Bl. H. 191, 20. Ingong in þæt atule hús, Gú. 534: 649 : Sat. 710. v. æppel-, bæþ-, bel-, bóc-, capitol-. cípe- (cpe-), corn-, deófolgild-, dim-, drenc-, eala(-u)-, eardung-, fisc-, flsc-, fore- (Vis. Lfc. 33), forliger-, fyr-, gebed-, gemót-, gereord-, gereording-, goldhord-, gréting-, háligdóm-, helle-, heofon-(?), híg-, hláf-, hors-(?), hrægel-, lce-, lár-, leorning-, mangung-, máþum-, mealt-, melu-, mere-, miltestre-, mot-, neód-, offrung-, pleg-, reord-, rest-, sceand-, sealt-, snding-, snytro-, spic-, sprc-, sumer-, symbel-, þegnung-, þyrl-, tðcir-, tów-, úp-, wxsc-, wæfer-, wpen-, weorc-, win-, winter-, wundor-hús.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0577, entry 8
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hwæþer; conj. Add: generally with subjunctive. For instances of indicative see Mt. 20, 15: Solil. H. 3, 9. Cri. 1307. I. in direct questions, whether ... [or (whither)] :-- Hwæðer wæs Jóannes fulluht þe of heofonum þe of mannum? baptismus Johannis unde erat? e caelo an ex hominibis?, Mt. 21, 25: Hml. Th. i. 222, 20 (in Dict.). Ic þé bidde, cwyst þú hwæþer hit gelýfenne ... hwæþer þe ...? dic, quaero te, numquid nan credendendum est ... an ...?, Gr. D. 146, 1-6. I a. where the question is introduced by a pronominal hwæþer, cf. II. 1 b :-- Hwæðer (quid, cf. hwæt, Mt. 9, 5) is éðre secgenne, 'þé synd ðíne synna forgyfene', hwæðer þe (an) cweþan, 'arís, nim ðín bed and gá'?. Mk. 2, 9: Lk. 5, 23. I b. where hwæþer occurs only in the second alternative :-- Wæs Jóhannes fulluht of heofone, hwæðer þe of mannum? baptismum Johannis de coelo erat, an ex hominibus?, Lk. 20, 4. I c. where the question asks for yes or no as an answer, the second alternative not being expressed. In later English the introductory whether is omitted: in O. E. the question is often introduced by cwist þú, cweþe gé, &c.:-- Cuiðestú hueðer (cwyst þú, W. S.) somnigas of ðornum wínbéger? numquid colligunt de spinis uvas?, Mt. L. 7, 16. Cweðe hwæþer þá ealdras ongyton? numquid cognouerunt principes?, Jn. 7, 26 (cf. cweþe numquid, 31). Hwæðer (numquid) nig man him mete bróhte?, 4, 33. Hueðer (cweðe gé, W. S.), Mt. L. 9, 15. Hueoðer (cweþe wé, W. S.), 12, 23. Hwæþer Rómáne hit witen secganne hwæt hiera folces forwurde?, Ors. 5, 2; S. 220, 9. Eálá! hwæðer heó hider cumende syó, and ne gýme?, Hml. S. 23 b, 667. Hwæþer (si) seó nddre þurh hyre ágen andgit sprce?, Angl. vii. 24, 238. II. with dependent clauses. (1) where both the alternatives implied in hwæþer are given, whether ... or. (a) hwæþer ... þe ... þe :-- ne scrifon hwæðer hit wre ðe dæg ðe niht, Past. 427, 31. (b) hwæþer þe ... þe :-- Andswarode sum ðing, ic nát hwæt, hweðer þe ic sylf þe óder þing (sive ego ipse, sive alias quis), Solil. H. 3, 8. (b ) where a pronominal hwæþer precedes the dependent clause, cf. I a :-- Gesege hwæþer þe betere ðince ... hwæþer þe þú forseó ... þe þú gebíde hwonne þé forlétan, Bt. 8; F. 26, 12. (c) hwæþer ... hwæþer þe :-- gecn be þre láre, hwæþer (utrum) heó of Gode, hwæþer þe (an) ic be sylfum spece, Jn. 7, 17. (d) hwæþer ... þe :-- Sié on cyninges dóme hwæþer líf áge þe náge, Ll. Th. i. 106, 3: 224, 18: 330, 24. þe ne giémeð hwæðer his gst sié earm þe eádig, Cri. 1553. Geseón hwæðer him mon sóð þe lyge sagað, 1307. Hwæðer him yfel þe gód under wunige, 1333: Bl. H. 119, 5. Ic nát hwæðer hit wæs innan ðe útan (extrinsecus sive intrinsecus), Solil. H. 3, 9. (e) hwæþer ... oþþe :-- Deófol mót lces mannes áfondian, hwæðer áht oððe náht; hwæðer God mid inweardlicre heortan lufige oððe mid híwunge fare, Hml. Th. i. 268, 11-14. Hueðer ... oþþe ( MS.) utrum ... an, Jn. L., R. 7, 17. (e ) where the alternatives are not mutually exclusive :-- Beseah Drihten hwæðer his mihta andgyt nig ealra hæfde, oððe God wolde sécan (si est intelligens, aut requirens Deum), Ps. Th. 52, 3. (f) in combination with swá :-- Inseglige mon þá hand, and séce man ofér þæne þriddan dæg sw hwæðer swá heó beó fúl swá clne binnan þám insegle insigilletur manus, et inquiratur die tertia si inmunda sit uel munda intra sigillationem, Ll. Th. i. 226, 31. (2) where one alternative only is given. v. I c. whether, if :-- Ðæt ðú nyte hwæðer (hwiðer, v. l.) ðú máran wilnige, Past. 331, 4. Ne wæs cúð hwæðer ... egesa wre, Gen. 2710. Geseón hwæþer (an) Helias cume, Mt. 27, 49. gýmdon hwæþer (gif hueðer, L. si) gehlde, Mk. 3, 2. Hié wron orwéne hwæðer fre Rómáne heora anwealde becómen, Ors. 4, 9; S. 192, 4. áxode hwæþer (gif huoeðer, L. si) áht gesáwe, Mk. 8, 23: Lk. 23, 6. Áfandað God ... hwæðer ánrde sý, Hml. Th. i. 268, 16: Gen. 1437. Sorgian hwæðer ..., Met. 9, 34: Sat. 277. Hyne fyrwet bræc hwæðer cwicne gemétte þeóden, B. 2785. (2 a) where the clause is in apposition to kit :-- Ys hit


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0578, entry 1
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on þýnum anwealda hwæðer leng þár binnan beón mótan, Chr. 995; P. 130, 11. His scrift hit gecýðe þám biscope, hweðer þre bóte cirran wolde, Ll. Th. i. 212, 24. v. á-, ná-hwæþer.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0603, entry 13
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læt-ness, e; f. I. slowness in movement :-- Þre sunnan lætnys binnan feówer geára fæce gewyrcð nne dæg, Angl. viii. 308, 30. þá lætnysse ðæs geáres rynes geanbidode, Hml. S. 23 b, 647. II. slowness of intellect :-- Þín gerecenes weóx fram mínre lætnysse and dysegan swongernesse ex tarditate mea crevit expositio tua, Gr. D. 174. 23.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0605, entry 1
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Monega land binnan þre byrig wron bútan lcum ierfwearde largissimae introrsum hereditates et nulli penitus heredes, Ors. 5, 2 ; S. 218, 1. Taurus bróhte þone bisceop sumum his landa, Hml. S. 22, 187. Ic gean Alfmre and Ælfstáne þára twégra landa æt Hættanleá, Cht. Th. 597, 24: 520, 18 : 523, 27: 524, 19. Of manegum landum máre landriht áríst cyniges gebanne, LI. Th. i. 432, 6. (2 b) where the extent of the land is defined :-- Ic selle Cyneswíde ðreóra hída lond. ... gewríte ic hire ðæt ðreóra hída lond . .. and ic hire léte . . . ðæt twéga hída lond . .. and ic bidda ðæt ðis ðreóra hída lond and éc ðæt twéga . . ., C. D. ii. 100, 9-24 (and see híd; I. 2). (3) country in contrast with town :-- Be ciépemonna fóre uppe on londe, LI. Th. i. 118, 11. (3 a) on estate in the country :-- genéhuade ánum ðára burgawará and sende hine on lond his (uillam suam) te gelésuade ðá bergas, Lk. L. 15, 15. IV. a land, ridge in a ploughed field. v. heáfod-land, land-gewyrpe :-- Eást on ðá furh; ðæt ðám sceortan lond, C. D. iii. 437, 24. ðon eásteran lande, v. 194, 27. On ðæt scorte land súðeweard, 379, 32. On ðæt reáde land; fram ðám reáden lande, iii. 419, 19. [v. Philol. Trans. 1898, p. 532.] v. át- (Cht. E. 208, 34), beán-, behát-, beód-, ber[c]-, bóc-, búr-, ceáp- (C. D. iv. 294, 18), ciric-, dene-, dún-, eald-, earnung-, ering-, ete-, fen-, feoh-, fóster-, Franc-, friþ-, gafol-, gebúr-, gedál-, gehát-, geneát-, geréf-, hþfeld-, hám-, hwte-, ln-, md-, mdwe-, mæst-, mersc-, munt-, mynster-, neáh-, norþ-, Peác-, sácerd-, scrúd-, súþ-, teóþung-, timber-, unfriþ-, uppe-, wín-, wudu-land ; útan-landes.



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