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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0429, entry 4 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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MINNI, compar. and superl. minnstr, answering to lítill, q. v.: [Ulf. miniza and minists; O. H. G. miniro; Germ, minder, minderste; Dan. - Swed. mindre, mindst; Lat. minor, minimus] :-- lesser, smaller, and superl. least, smallest, of stature, quantity, following the same rule as lítill (q. v.), and opp. to meiri; minna lið, Grág. i. 44; minni laun, Nj. 10; máttr sem minnstr, Fms. xi. 102; minnstr ok vesalligstr, Háv. 53; var minna karp þitt, er..., Fms. vii. 21; þeir áttu minna í at hefna, Eg. 86; liggja í minna rúmi, Mork. 183; svá sem hann má minnstu við koma, Grág. i. 140. II. metaph., minnstir fyrir sér, Eg. 123; þú ert minni fyrir þér en ek hugða, Edda 33; þat lið er honum þótti minni fylgð í, Fms. iv. 350; sá er kallaðr minni maðr (lower in rank) er öðrum fóstrar barn, Ld. 108: hence vera minni maðr, of a person who has done a dishonourable deed, dishonoured [cp. Lat. capitis minor] : eigi at minna, nevertheless, 216. minni-háttar and minnst-háttar, adv. of lesser, least degree, the least, Fs. 59.
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MINNR, adv., compar. also spelt and proncd. miðr, and so always in mod. usage; superl. minust; answering to litt (see litill); [Uif. mins or mini; cp. Lat. minus] :-- less, with dat.; hálfum vegnuni penning! miðr en hulfan sjötta eyri, Grág. ii. 175; vetri miór en half-sextugr, i. e. fifty-five years old save one [cp. ''forty stripes save one'], Ih. 18; manni minnr en halfr sétti tjgr, Sturl. iii. 37; vera liti minnr, to be minus one's life, lifeless, dead, Ísl. ii. 315 (lleiðarv. S.); engu miðr Skallagrimi, no less than S., Eg. 334; engu minnr, no less, ' nihilo minus, ' Etida 36; sá er miðr neytir, he who males less use of it, Grág. ii. 293; minnr á viðborða, Fms. vii. 292; ef inaðr stelr minnr en þveiti. N. G. L. i. 253; miðr vel, less well, not very well, Ísl. ii. 330; beir sem vitrari vóru ok minnr druknir, Fins, i, 59; þat skipit er minnr var brotið, ii. 128; minnr niundi Jjjóstólíî í aUgu vaxa, Nj. 58; pat er minnr er fjarat, Ld. 76; ok er þat oigi minnr mitt hug- boo, Fier. 202; mundi hann þú minnr saka sóttin, Sks. 704; scin minnr er at sküpuðu, Stnrl. iii. 7; minnr fro. likendurn, Fms. v. 86: in mod. usage, því er miðr, alack! því er verr og miðr = alack! í am sorry. II. superl. minnst, least; þá er hann varði minnst, ivhen he least expected, Eg. 296; ininnst mánuð, at least a month, Vígl. 33; minnst staddr, i. e. in a bad plight, Pr. 410.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0435, entry 28 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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MÓÐIR, f., gen. dat. acc. móður; plur. in nom. and acc. mæðr (mœðr), gen. mæðra, dat. mæðrum. There is also a monosyll. form mæðr, indecl. throughout in the sing., and answering to feðr, föðr or bræðr (= faðir, bróðir); but these forms are unknown in mod. Icel., and are seldom used in the genuine old writers, being mostly found in legendary writers, who probably followed some provincial Norwegianism; thus passim in Stjórn, af mæðr konungsins, Stj. 82; mæðrinnar kvið, 80: [this word is common to all Teut. languages except Goth., which used aiþei = Icel. eiða (q.v.) instead] :-- a mother; sonr á at taka arf eptir föður sinn ok móður, Grág. i. 171; föður-móðir, a father's mother, 172; faðir ok móðir, id., in countless instances: as a nickname, konunga-móðir, Jarla-m., Fb. iii: in popular tales, the mother of a whole brood (animals), skötu-m., sela-m., laxa-m., represented as an ogre, Maurer's Volks. 34. COMPDS: móður-afi, a, m. a mother's grandfather, and móður-amma, u, f. mother's grandmother. móður-arfr, m. maternal inheritance, Ísl. ii. 29, Landn. 114, Dipl. v. 3. móður-brjóst, f. pl. a mother's breasts, N.G.L. i. 340. móður-bróðir, m. a mother's brother, uncle, passim: in the saying, móðurbræðrum verða menn líkastir, Ísl. ii. 29, Bs. i. 134. móður-faðir, m. a mother's father, grandfather, Grág. i. 177, Fms. i. 223. móður-frændr, m. pl. kinsmen on the mother's side, Grág. ii. 113, Fms. i. 4. móður-hús, n. a mother's house, home, Stj. 420. móður-kviðr, m. a mother's womb, Hom. 51, Fms. i. 221, x. 275. móður-kyn, n. a mother's kin, Eg. 267, Fms. vii. 224, Finnb. 236. móður-lauss, adj. motherless, Fas. ii. 412. móður-leggr, m. the mother-lineage, Jb. 446. móður-liga, adv. (-ligr, adj.), motherly, Sks. 549. móður-mjólk, f. mothers milk, Stj. 127. móður-móðir, f. a mother's mother, Grág. i. 171, Fms. v. 267. móður-sonr, m. a mother's son: in the phrase, engi m., not a mother's son, not a soul, Karl. 199. móður-systir, f. a mother's sister (Dan. moster), Grág. i. 171. móður-tunga, u, f. one's mother-tongue, Bs. i. 906. móður-ætt, f. kinsfolk on the father's side, Grág. i. 171, 177, Eg. 72, Fms. i. 196; falla í m., to fall to mother-earth, to die, Nj. 70.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0438, entry 1 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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therefore was different to the dowry (heiman-fylgja), and has nothing answering to it in the modern law, nor perhaps in the old Greek or Roman customs; hence Tacitus speaks of it as something strange, dotem non uxor marito, sed maritus uxori affert. Germ. ch. 18. On the other hand, the Teutonic rites of marriage call to mind the ancient patriarchal times as described in Gen. xxiv and xxix. The etymological connection between mundium = tutelage and the Norse word is not altogether clear. In modern Icelandic usage heiman-mundr is erroneouslv used instead of heiman-fylgja, q.v.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0439, entry 2 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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MUNU, a verb whose present is in preterite form, see Gramm. p. xxiii; pres. man, mant (mantú, muntú), man, pl. munum, munut, munu; pret. mundi; subj. pres. muni; pret. myndi; imper. mun, muntu; pres. infin. munu; pret. infin. mundu. In the oldest vellums an o is used throughout for u, thus infin. monu, pret. mon, monu, and so on, whence subj. møndi; thus Thorodd, mon-a (will not) mín móna; and leka møndi húsit (the house would leak) ef eigi møndi (thatched) smiðrinn, Skálda; mun'k = mun ek, Ad. 14, Skv. 1. 40; man'k = man ek, Fms. vii. 337 (Mork.); mona'k = muna ek (subj.): with neg. suff. pres. mon-a, she will not, Thorodd, Höfuðl. 17; monka ek, I shall not, Hkv. Hjörv. 23, Fms. x. 342 (in a verse); mon-at, mun-at (3rd pers.), shall not; monattu or munattu (2nd pers.), Gs. 19, Ls. 49; munum-a, we shall not, Hallfred; see -at, p. 2 :-- a pret. pl. manu without umlaut, or even with a throughout sing. and plur., is also freq. &FINGER; In mod. usage and MSS., as also in less correct paper transcripts of vellums, and in Editions, the pret. infin. mundu is freq. turned into a subj. from mundi, and ought to be restored; thus in Eg. -- sögðu þat vera mundu (Ed. mundi) róg íllra manna, ... konungr kveðsk því mundu (Ed. mundi) heldr af trúa, cp. Eb. (pref. p. xxxviii new Ed.) B. Will, shall, as an auxiliary verb simply denoting futurity, followed by an infinitive; munu margir þess gjalda, Nj. 2; þú mant vera feigr maðr, 63; sem nú man ek telja, Grág. ii. 211; aldri hafði önd mín tvá líkami ok eigi mun hón hafa, heldr mun hón einn líkama hafa nú, ok þann mun hón hafa á dóms-degi, Fms. iv. 121; hón kveðsk hans forsjá hlíta mundu, ... ok kveðsk ganga mundu, Ld. 14; svá man móðir þín til ætla, Nj. 58; muntú ekki mín at slíku þurfa, 55; mon ek þá görask þinn maðr, Ó.H. 47; en ek mon þik láta vera göfgastan lendan mann, id.; þá man yðr eigi svá ... at eigi moneð ér (subj.), 32; segir at nú man til verða sá maðr, 33; hér mantú konung upp fæða, móðir, 64; nú man ek koma til Uppsala-þings, 67; þá mono vér veita þér atgöngu, 69; vel man þér fara, Nj. 55; þú mant segja dauða minn, 58 (but þú munt, next line); úþarfir munu þér verða frændr Hallgerðar, id.; þó man ek ekki göra hann at þræli, id.; hvat ek veit, segir Gunnarr, hvárt ek man því úvaskari maðr en aðrir menn, sem ..., whether I am, whether I should be, id.; hann lét þó svá búit þá mundu verða at vera (a threefold infin.), Ísl. ii. 357. II. with a suggestive sense of may be, probably, about, often answering to may be, perhaps in mod. writers; þá mundi lífa þriðjungr nætr, perhaps the third, about the third part, Fms. ix. 475; þeir myndi hafa nær sjau tigi manna, Sturl. iii. 239; hverr mundi þá segja? Edda 144; ok mundi hann vita þat fyrir er hann vissi dauða sinn, Nj. 98; ok myndi þat Njáll ætla, at ..., 93; þeir sögðu þat vera mundu róg íllra manna, it was nothing but ..., Eg. 55; sögðu at Þórólfr mundi vera hollr konungi, that Th. was no doubt faithful, id., passim. III. in asking and answering, corresponding to Engl. would'st thou? I will; Muntú veita mér þat er ek bið þik? Hvat er þat, segir konungr, Fms. vi. 392; muntú mér, Freyja, fjaðrhams, ljá? -- Þó munda ek gefa þér þótt ór gulli væri, Þkv. 3, 4; mundu fleira mæla? answer, mun ek, Hkv. Hjörv. 2; muntú stefna vilja Hallvarði? Glúm. 365; mun hann dauðr, is he dead? Nj. 135. IV. denoting injunction; hann mælti til Einars, at hann mundi (told him to) leita sér vistar, Hrafn. 5; svá hefi ek helzt ætlað at boð þitt muni vera at áliðnu sumri, Ld. 14 (but rarely). V. ellipt., the infin. vera being left out and understood; ærit bragð mun at því (viz. vera), Nj. 58; lítið bragð mun þá at, Ld. 136; Hálfr mundi mikill afreksmaðr, Mag. 4; torsótt mun (viz. vera) at sækja, Glúm. 365. &FINGER; Hardly any verb is more freq., e.g. þú munt hafa meira hlut sagði Njáll, en þó man hér hljótask af margs manns bani. -- Man nokkut hér minn bani af hljótask? -- Ekki man þat af þessu, en þó munu þeir minnask á fornan fjandskap ok muntú ekki annat mega en hrökkva við, Nj. 90; hversu mun nú ganga síðan? Þú mant ríða til þings. Þá man þú skamt eiga ólifað, ella mant þú verða gamall maðr, ... Veiztú hvat þér man verða at bana ... Þat sem allir munu sízt ætla, segir Njáll, 85. In mod. usage the word munu is far less frequent, and futurity is in speech mostly expressed, as in Gothic, by the pres. indic., as, eg fer á morgun, where an ancient would have said, ek mun fara á morgun; but in solemn style munu is retained, thus, sjá, þú munt barn geta í kviði þínum, ok munt son fæða ok hans nafn skaltú (not muntú) kalla Jesús; hann mun mikill verða, ok kallast sonr hins Hæsta, og Guð Drottinn mun gefa honum sæti síns föður Davíð, og hann mun ríkja yfir húsi Jakobs að eilifu, hans ríkis mun og enginn endir verða ... Heilagr Audi mun koma yfir þig, og kraptr ins Hæsta mun yfirskyggja þig, af því at það hið helga sem af þér mun fæðast skal nefnast ..., Luke i. 31 sqq. in the Icel. N.T. (Vídal.)
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0443, entry 6 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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MÆR, f., gen. meyjar, dat. meyju, acc. mey; pl. meyjar, dat. meyjum: meyja, u, f. a later form in MSS. of the 14th century, sú meyja, meyjan, Stj. 136, Bs. ii. 27; þú meyja (voc.), Fb. ii. 194, Skáld H. 1. 9; as also nom. mey, Fas. iii. 177; [Ulf. mawi = GREEK; A.S. meowle = meyla, q.v.; Swed. and Dan. mö; the Engl. maid and Germ. magd are derivatives] :-- a maid, girl, virgin; þaðan koma meyjar, Vsp. 20; mey, Hm. 81, 96; meyjar orð, 83; mörg góð mær, 101; en horska mær, 95, Vþm. 47; meyja, 49; meyjar ástir, Alm. 8; mér tíða mey, Skm. 7; mær (voc.), 23, 25, 26; mær er mér tíðari, 7; mær heitir fyrst hver, en kerlingar er gamlar eru, Edda 108; leizt honum mærin fögr, Eg. 23; Egill sá þar mey fagra, ... mærin var úkát ok grét ... Egill mælti við meyna, 481, 483; mær tvítug eða ellri, Grág. i. 307, 465; ekkjur ok meyjar tvítöga ok ellri, ii. 108; eigi mær heldr göfuglig ekkja, Fms. x. 294: a girl, hón lék sér á gólfi við aðrar meyjar, hversu lízt þér á mey þessa, þykkir þér eigi fögr! ærit fögr er mær sjá, Nj. 2; Þóra ól barn um sumarit, ok var þat mær, Eg. 166; litlu síðarr fæddi hón barn, þat var mær, Steinn hélt meyjunni undir skírn, hét sú mær Þóra, Steinn gaf meyjunni fingrgull, Ó.H. 144; hvárt sem er sveinn eða mær, N.G.L. i :-- a virgin, Gefjon, hón er mær ok henni þjóna þær er meyjar andask, Edda 21; hón var mær alla æfi, 655 ix. C. 1: allit., brúðr Guðs, mær ok móðir, Mar., esp. of the Virgin Mary, Lil.; mær meyja, the maid of maids, Hdl. (begin.) :-- of the zodiac, Rb. (1812) 16. 2. freq. in poetry = a daughter, thus answering to mögr; Gýmis meyjar, the daughter of G., Skm. 12; mey átti hann, Rm. 36 (Bugge); hefir minn faðir heitið meyju sinni, Hkv. 1. 18; Hýmis meyjar, Ls. 34; meyjar Mögþrasis, Vþm. 48; Billings mey, Hm. 96; Högna mær, Hkv.; fögr mær fíra, Vkv. 2: allit., Loka mær, the daughter of L. = Hel. Ýt.; mær ok mögr, daughter and son, Og. 9.COMPDS: meyjar-mál, n. pl. courtship, Fas. iii. 84, 94. meyjar-mundr, m. a maid's mundr (q.v.), Fas. iii. 170.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0443, entry 24 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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MÖGR, m., gen. magar, dat. megi, pl. megir, acc. mögu; [Ulf. magus = GREEK, Luke ii. 43, ix. 42, xv. 26; = GREEK, ii. 28; A.S. magu; Hel. magu; Gael. mac; mögr is masc. answering to fem. A.S. mægð, Engl. maid, Germ. magd] :-- prop. a boy, youth, and so, like GREEK a son; mannskis mögr, no man's son, Hm. 147: allit., mey ok mög, daughter and son, Vþm. 33; mæla við mög, Hðm. 23, Skm. 2; okkarn mög, 1; geta mög, Ls. 35, 36; megir Heimdalar, sons of H., Vsp. 1; maga þinna, Am. 79; mögr Sigföður, Vsp. 55; mögr Hlóðynjar, 56; megi hveðrungs, 55: míns magar, Gm. 24; magar Þóris, Ad. 16; magar Hallgarðs, Ht.: allit., mögr móður kallar, Grág. ii. 170; mögr fann ömmu, Hým. 2; ósk-mögr, a son by adoption, also a beloved son. II. a mate, a man, Fm. 33; fífl-megir, Vsp. 51; víl-megir, sons of misery, slaves, Bm. 1; heipt-megir, enemies, Hm. 149; Muspells megir, the men of Muspell = demons, Ls.; her-megir, war-men, warriors, Hkv. 2. 4; Hropts-megir, the men of H. = the gods, Ls. 45; ljóð-megir, the people, Hkm.; sess-megir, bench-mates, Hm. 153; dag-megir, daysmen(?), Am. 61; Ás-megir, the Ases, gods, Fsm.; drótt-megir, the sons of men, Vþm. 11, 12. III. in prose obsolete except in Mögr, a pr. name, dat. Mög, Bs. i. magar-arfi, a, m. a son's heir, N.G.L. i. 206.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0448, entry 30 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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nárungr, m. [for. word; Germ, nähren], a nourisher (?), Edda ii. 497: in fólk-nárungr, answering to Hom. GREEK GREEK, as also in other poët. compds, Lex. Poët.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0449, entry 23 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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nátt-mál, n. 'night-meal,' taken as a point of time, about nine o'clock P. M., answering to dagmál (q. v.) in the morning; ok er komit var at náttmáli, Fms. viii. 89; nónhelgan dag til náttmáls, Grág. i. 143; þeir koma þar fyrir náttmál, Nj. 197, v. l. (matmál Ed. less good); kom þar eldr í bæinn um náttmál, Bs. i. 78: in mod. usage only in plur., líðandi náttmál, jöfnu-báðu miðaptans og náttmála (= half-past seven o'clock P. M.) COMPDS: náttmála-skeið, n. the hour of night-meal, Sturl. iii. 71. náttmála-varða, u, f. a pyramid or column on the horizon, intended to shew the hour of n. by the sun's position relatively to it, Þórð. 58.
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NE or né, a negative conjunction. The Goth. makes a distinction between ni = A. S. ne, O. H. G. ni; and the compound particle nih, from ni + the suffix uh, O. H. G. noh, Germ, noch, Lat. nec, of which Icel. né is a contr. form; etymologically, therefore, the single particle ought to be written ne and the compound né; but this distinction is not made. The particle ne is not found out of composition except in ancient poetry; it is found as a prefix in the compounds neinn, nekkverr, nema (q. v.), qs. ne-einn, ne-hverr, ne-ifa. A. The single particle, not: 1. with a verb, sól þat né vissi, máni þat né vissi, stjörnur þat né vissu, Vsp. 5; óð þau né höfðu, 18; löst né vissi, Skv. 3. 5; né fá, Hm. 92; finna né máttu, 46; ek né kunna, 11; né þat máttu, Hým. 4; né sváfu, Þd. 6 :-- with subj., út þú né komir, Vþm. 7 :-- ef né, if not, unless, were it not that . . .; ef þú geldr né værir, Hkv. Hjörv. 20; ef þú sverðs né nytir, Fm. 29 :-- with a double negation, svá at mér mann-gi mat né bauð, Gm. 2; aptr né komið, 20; ef föður né áttað, Fm. 3; hví né lezkaðu, Ls. 47; né máttuð, Kormak; né hlöðut, Vellekla; þar er hrafn né svalt-a, Ó. H. (in a verse); sofa þeir né máttuð, Gkv. 2. 3 :-- the negation is understood, niðjar hvöttu Gunnar né náungr annarr, rýnendr né ráðendr, né (nor) þeir er ríkir vóru, Akv. 9, 2. used to begin a verse or sentence in a running narrative, answering to ok (which see A. III); né hamfagrt höldum þótti skáldfé mitt, Ad. 7; né þat máttu, Hým. 2; né hann konu kyssa görði né (nor) . . ., Skv. 3. 4; né ek þat vilda at mik ver ætti, 35; né djúpakorn drápu, Þd. 10. II. with an adverb or noun; né sjaldan, not seldom, Fms. xi. 198 (in a verse); né allvel, not over-well, Skv. 1. 49; gumnum hollr né gulli, fond of men not of gold, Hkr. i. (in a verse). 2. but esp. in né einn, not one, none (cp. Early Lat. noenus = ne unus), also not any; lifa þeir né einir, Gkv. 3. 5; né einu sinni, not once, Fms. xi. 13; kvaðsk eigi muna at hann hefði heit strengt né eins, 112; hann lét þá af at eggja konung á né eina herferð, vii. 28; vórum vér ekki mjök við búnir við né einum lífriði, iv. 73; né eina sekð, Grág. i. 136; né eitt úhreint, Stj. 409; allir duldu at né eitt vissi til Hrapps, Nj. 133; eigi finnsk sá né einn, Fas. i. 243; eigi né eins staðar, not anywhere, Stj. 618; eigi vill hann at né einn tortryggi, Hom. (St.); eigi . . . at ek hafa né eina manns konu tekit, Þorst. Síðu H. 5; hann fyrir-bauð né einum leikmönnum, at . . ., Bs. i. 702. 3. in composition in ne-kkverr and n-ema, q. v. B. The compound particle né preceded by a negation, neither . . . nor, not . . . nor, as a disjunctive copula between two nouns or sentences; at þú gáir eigi þings né þjóðans mála, Hm. 115; skósmiðr þú verit né skeptismiðr, 127; óð þau né (not) áttu, lá né (neither) læti né (nor) litu góða, Vsp. 18; svefn þú né (not) sefr né (nor) um sakar dæmir, Skv. I. 29; varat harm yðr um likr, né . . ., 36; vilkat ek mann trauðan né torbænan, 49. 2. in prose; þú skalt þá eigi með örum raufa né sverði slá, Stj. 620; höggormr hefir þar eigi vist né froskr, né ekki (nor any)
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