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Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0544, entry 3
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híréd, l. híred, and add: I. a family, wife and children :-- Gif hwá stalie swá his wif nyte and his bearn ... Gif hé stalie on gewitnesse ealles his híredes, Ll. Th. i. 106, 15-17. Gif hig (priests) hwylc árwyrðe hýredes fæder tó his húse gelaðige, sé þe wyle mid his wífe and mid bearnum on gástlicum gefeán blissian, ii. 410, 21. Hé sette swá swá scép heóredas posuit sicut oves familias, Ps. Vos. Srt. Rdr. 106, 41. Heórdas, Ps. L. 106, 41. II. a family, body of relatives, house :-- Nán monn hiera cynnes ne hiera hiéredes (hióredes, v. l.) ne offrode homo de semine tuo per familias nan offeret, Past. 65, 1. Gif ðú (Cyrus) hine forstenst wé fordýlegiað þé and þínne hýred, Hml. Th. i. 570, 26. III. a (great) mans household :-- Gif sum ríce mann mé cúð ne bið, ne nán monn his híredes (hiéredes, v. l.), Past. 63, 4. Faeder hiórodes (fæder hína, R.) pater familias, Mt. L. 31, 33. Fader hiórodæs (heóredes, R.) hígna, 13, 27. Hiórades, 10, 25. Feder iórodes (hína, R.), 13, 52. Hírodes, Lk. L. 12, 39. Geréfan mid his hírede hé tó geleáfan gecyrde praefectum cum domo sua conuertit, Bd. 2, 16; Sch. 177, 21. Hírede familia, An. Ox. 3307. Hýrede, Rä. 60, 6. Ðone ðegn gesette hláferd his ofer hiórod (heórod, R. familiam) his, Mt. L. 24, 45. Híred, Past. 459, 12. On .xiiii. nihte mónan is gód on níwne híred tó frenne, Lch. iii. 178, 32. Ða eorðlican hláfordas sint tó ðm gesette ðæt hié ðá endebyrdnesse and ðá ðegnunga hiora hiéredum gebrytnige terrenae domus dominus famulorum ordines ministeriaque dispertiens, Past. 319, 20. the place of residence of a man and his household :-- Orceard hírede, synt orceardas gedafenlice æpplum pomerium curti, sunt pomaria congrua malis, Lch. i. lxii, 8. III a. where the Deity is regarded as the father of a family. (1) the family being the good :-- Ðú þe ús gedydest þínes hýredes Deus qui nos munis, Solil. H. 8, 9. [Æt] woes hiórodes ðínes beodum adesto familiae tuae precibus, Rtl. 86, 3. Hiórad ðín giheald familiam tuam custodi, 17, 5. (2) the family, those in heaven :-- Híred familiam i. congregationem (coeli beatam), An. Ox. 817. III b. where the devil is the father :-- Forgit þæt hús and þone híred þínes leásan fæder, þæt ys deófol obliviscere domum patris tui, Ps. Th. 44, 12. IV. the household (and house) of a king, court :-- Se cyning ne his híred (domestici eius), Bd. 3, 14; Sch. 260, 1. Híredes begímen aulica cura, Lch. i. lx, 3. Hié an ánum hiérede wron áfédde and getýde (cf. Alexandri commilitones, Alexandri duces, 153, 16, 17), Ors. 3, 11; S. 152, 29. Gif þegen geþeáh hé þénode cynge and his rádstefne rád on his hírede, Ll. Th. i. 190, 20. Wille wé be him (William I) áwrítan swá swá wé hine ágeáton, and óðre hwíle on his hírede wunedon, Chr. 1086; P. 219, 19. Hýrede, 1074; P. 210, 3. Hié tó his healle ne tó his (Nero's) hírede eft wendan noldan, Bl. H. 173, 18. Be ðám ðe on cyninges hírde feohteð (cf. on cynges healle feohte, 66, 7) de dimicatione in regia, Ll. Th. i. 408, 12. Hér se cyng heóld his híred on Winceastre tó þám Eástran, Chr. 1085; P. 216, 32. On .xii. nihte mónan byð gód on hírd tó férenne, Lch. iii. 178, 27. IV a. where the Deity is king :-- Wé moton sittan mid Drihtne ... þr his híred nú hálig eardað, Sat. 592. Áworden wæs mid engle menigo hiórodes heonfonlic facta est cum angelo multitudo militiae caelestis, Lk. L. 2, 13. Ic þé hálsige, heofonríces weard, for þám hírede þe þú hider ldest, engla þreátas, Sat. 423. Hé geheóld híred heofona, and þæt hálige seld, 348. IV b. of the followers of Satan :-- Hé tó helle hnígan sceolde and his híred mid, Sat. 376. IV c. where a thing is personified :-- Swá hit bið be þám wísdóme. Æ-acute;lc ... hym mæg cuman tó and on hys hýrede wunian (cf. cynges hám sécan, 2), Solil. H. 44, 16. V. the inferior clerks attendant upon the mass-priest :-- Se biscop sceal þrafian þá mæssepreóstas hié þone híred þe hié ofer beóþ, and þá lwedan men þe hié aldormen ofer beón sceoldan, hié þm ne geþafian hié heora líf on wóh lifgean, Bl. H. 45, 9. VI. the members of a religious house, v. híred-preóst; II :-- Ðæt hió geselle ðæt land ðám hírode ... bútan hí hit mit unnan híredes ofgán tó rihtan gafole ... and his ðonne se híred hit geearnian ... and stande simle seó bóc on ðæs híredes handa, C. D. ii. 58, 21-29. Æt lcan tídsange eal híred áþenedum limum singe þone sealm, Wlfst. 181, 26. Nime gé ðá ðe on ðm hírede (hiórede, v. l.) unweorðuste sién, Past. 131, 7. On hírede in clero, An. Ox. 8, 369. Mathéus dl Se Cúðberti, Marcus dl biscobe. Lucas dl ðm hiórode, Jn. p. 188, 8. Wiste hé sumne híred on his bisceopscíre þe þá ungeþwre him betweónum wron (cf. wron on ðám tíman ungeþwre preóstas on ánum his mynstra, Hml. Th. ii. 516, 4), Bl. H. 225, 5. Mid geþeahte bégra þra híreda þe æt þám cyrcean syndon cum consilio amborum sodalitatum quae in ecclesiis istis sint, Ll. Th. ii. 236, 18. [v. N. E. D. hird.] v. bisceop-, nunn-, preóst-, wíf-híred.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0544, entry 10
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híred-mann. Add: I. v. híred; III :-- Æ-acute;lcon híredmen (bp. Alfwold's) his onrid þe hé álned hæfde, Cht. Crw. 23, 24. Híredmanna gehwilc sille pænig tó ælmessan, oððe his hláford sille for hine, Wlfst. 181, 16. Be híredmonnum de hero proprio familiae fidejussore, Ll. Th. i. 394, 25. Norðhymbra útlagodon heora eorl Tostig, and ofslógon his híredmenn, Chr. 1064; P. 190, 15. II. v. híred; IV :-- Se cyningc ábræc intó þám búre þr heó inne læg, and hét his hýredmen ealle áweg gán, Ap. Th. 2, 1. [v. N. E. D. hird-man.] Cf. híred-wífman.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0545, entry 14
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hirwan. Take here hyrwan, herewian, herian, in Dict., and add: I. to feel (and express) contempt for, to despise, scorn :-- Ealle hié hié swá wundige hyrwað omnes ut ulcerosum contemnunt, Verc. Först. 139, 10. Hý nú hyrwað háligra mód, þá þe him tó heofonum hyge staðeliað, Gú. 36. Sume weorþað egeslíce godcundnessa hyrwende, Wlfst. 82, 1. II. to speak evilly of. (1) of mockery, derision, scorn :-- Man mid hócere góde dda hyrweð, Wlfst. 164, 18. Alle ðá geségun mé herwdun (aspernabantur) mé, spreocende wérun mid weolerum, Ps. Srt. 21, 8. in contrast with herian :-- Man eal hyrweð þæt man sceolde herian, Wlfst. 165, 3. Man oft herede þæt man scolde hyrwan, and tó forð hyrwde þæt man scolde herigean, 168, 12: Ll. Th. i. 334, 1. (2) of calumny, backbiting :-- Ne nig man óþerne bæftan ne tle ne hyrwe tó swýðe, Wlfst. 70, 15. (3) to blaspheme, blame :-- Ná þás gereccende þíne [Dryhten in mé] ic hyrwe gesceafte non haec narrans tuam Domine in me blasphemo creaturam, Angl. xi. 118, 58. Golias Godes naman hyrwde, Hml. S. 18, 19. III. to show contempt of by action :-- Ðá brc Leófsunu, þurh ðæt wíf ðe hé nam, ðæne cwide, and herewade ðæs arcebiscopes gewitnesse, C. D. vi. 127, 28. v. un-hirwan; hirwend.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0545, entry 18
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hirw-ness. Take here hyrw-ness in Dict., and add :-- Ne nig man ne gewunie þæt hé huxlíce onhisce, ne ðurh hyrwnesse (hyruw-, v. l. blasphemiam) God ne gegremie, Wlfst. 70, 12.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0546, entry 1
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uirginitatis typum, i. speciem, An. Ox, 299. On ymbsnidenesse híwe (tipo), 40, 17. Of hífe (híwe, Hpt. Gl. 465, 74), gelícnysse liniamento .i. similitudini (puritatis), 2530, Fmnhá[d]licum híwe uirginali formulae, i. specie, 536. Þæt hé híwige swylce hé árfæstes módes sý, and under þám leáslican híwe gederige, Wlfst. 53, 27. Ðý ls nig durre on eáðmódnesse híwe (sub humilitatis specie) hit forcweðan, Past. 51, 3. Sume men onderfóð eáðmódnesse híw, sume ofermódnesse, 301, 25. (3) a pretext :-- Híwe praetextu, An. Ox. 2684: 3930. (4) an imaginary form, a fancy :-- Scinlác vel híw fantasia, i. imaginatio, delusio mentis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 147, 42. III. a kind, species :-- On seofen híwum septem speciebus (dirimuntur), An. Ox. 3113. v. -, wyrm-híw; dim-híw; adj.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0546, entry 18
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híwian. Add: to form, give shape to :-- Híwað confingat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 23, 56. Híwade finxit, i. figurabat, 148, 64. I. to shape an object. (1) material :-- Ðú heówodest mé tu formasti me, Ps. Rdr. 138, 5. Sé þe híwude (hiówede, Ps. Srt.) eáge, 93, 9. (2) non-material :-- Þú þe híwast (hiówas, Ps. Srt. fingis) sár on bebode, Ps. Rdr. 92, 20. I a. to give form to what is unreal, cause an illusion :-- Galdra híwung ... híwedan prstigiarum scena (quam callido phantasmate falsi nebulones) schematizarunt, An. Ox. 4061. I b. to shape in the mind (falsely), fabricate. v. híwere; I :-- Ídele and leáse spel hí hýwiaþ and mannum reccaþ quae non viderunt confingunt, R. Ben. 135, 24. Híwiende musitantes, i. fingentes (presbyteros contra Susannam mussitantes, Ald. 38, 17. Cf. fabricatores falsitatum potius quam presbyteri, 59, 23), An. Ox. 2804. II. to change the form of an object to that of another in order to deceive :-- Hé hine tó óþrum men híwað, and his gebyrda mid þám bedíglað, hé heonan mæg ætberstan, Hml. S. 23, 692. Mænig cimeþ ... and leáslíce leógeð and egeslíce gylpeð, namað hine sylfne and híwaþ tó gode (calls himself god and pretends to be so), swylce hit Críst sý multi uenient in nomine meo dicentes: ego sum Cristus; et multos seducent, Wlfst. 89, 3. Sé þe litelícost cúðe leáslíce híwian unsóð tó sóðe (to make untruth appear truth), 128, 9. Híwian yfel tó góde, 81, 36. III. to make an object appear other than it really is. (1) with complement :-- Se man hýwað hine sylfne mihtine and unforhtne þe náh on his heortan nigne cáfscype, Wlfst. 53, 14. hé híwige hine sylfne mihtigne, Angl. xi. 109, 54. (2) híwian, swilce ... to make appear, as if ... :-- Se man híwað hine sylfne, swylce hé deóp inngehýd hæbbe, þe nát ná mycel gescád niges gerádes, Wlfst. 53, 19. IV. to assume an appearance or character that does not belong to the subject, to feign :-- Bilewite cild ne híwað mid wordum, þæt hit óðer ðence and óðer sprece, Hml. Th. i. 512, 15. Ic eom eald tó híwigenne, Hml. S. 25, 94. Anatolius hátte sum híwigende munuc, and hé behýdde his yfelnysse, 31, 792. IV a. to make as if :-- Ne híwa ðú, mín bearn, swilce ðú mid bilewitnysse mæge gán orsorh tó mdena húsum, Hex. 48, 9. Þæt hé swicollíce híwige, swylce hé árfæstes módes sý, Wlfst. 53, 26. Ongeán þám andgyte se deófol forgifð stuntnysse, and eác se man híwige swylce hé andgytful sý, Angl. xi. 109, 49: 51: 59. Ne sceal hé híwian, swilce hit him uncúð sý non dissimulet, R. Ben. 13, 16. IV b. with clause :-- hí híwion hí ingehýd habban, Angl. xi. 109, 56. V. to dissemble :-- Ne híwige synna neque dissimulet peccata, R. Ben. S. 15, 5. VI. to show figuratively :-- Gástlíce híwedon typice obumbrabant (septenos vitiorum cuneos), An. Ox. 11, 104. v. be-, geed-, ofer-, twi-híwian; un-híwed.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0547, entry 11
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híwung. Add :-- Figmenta, i. plasmatio, mendacia híwunga, Wrt. Voc. ii. 148, 78. I. shaping, forming of material :-- Adam lifde æfter þre menniscan híwunge .dcccc. wintra and þrittig wintra; and þé sexteoþegan geáre fram his híwunge hé gegylte, Angl. xi. 1, 13-16. II. shape of a material object, frame, make, constitution :-- Hé sylf oncneów híwunga gescapennysse (figmentum) úre, Ps. L. 102, 14. II a. shape, form, species, kind of non-material object :-- Nis nán ásecgendlic oððe unásecgendlic fracodlicnysse híwung þæs ic ne sih tihtende and lrende, Hml. S. 23. 5, 383. III. transformation, taking of another shape :-- Hí woldon mid heora híwunge (the taking by evil spirits of the figures of various animals) þæs hálgan weres mód áwendan, Guth. Gr. 139, 10. IV. an illusory shape, deceptive appearance :-- Galdra híwung litigum híwunge híwedan fordwán prstrigiarum scena (i. umbra) (quam) callido fantasmate (falsi nebulones) schematizarunt ... disparuit, An. Ox. 4057. Smeágende hwæðre hit gást wre þæt þr mid hwylcere híwunga gebde hí putans ne spiritus esset, qui se fingeret orare, Hml. S. 23 b, 281. V. pretending to do what is not really done :-- Ðá bdon hí ... ... hé dyde swilce hé te ... and swá mid ðre híwunge him sylfum geburge. Ðá cwæð hé: 'Ic eom eald tó híwigenne ... bið mín híwung þám geongum tó forwyrde, Hml. S. 25, 90-97. V a. a pretence, trick :-- Heówunga praestigias, An. Ox. 2238. VI. pretending to be what one is not, simulation :-- Æ-acute;lc híwung is antste Gode, Hml. S. 12, 246. Hé wiste hé mid feóndlicum cræfte ne mihte bedydrian Martines gesihðe ... wæs ðá geswutelod his híwung, 31, 827. Wron óþre gedwolan Antecrístes lima, mid árleásra híwunge, 832. Hú hé árásode þá híwunge Totillan de simulatione Totilae deprehensa, Gr. D. 130, 13. Se deófol gedéð se man þurh lícetende híwunge déð, swylce hé andgytful sý, þe lytel can tó geráde, Wlfst. 53, 4. Þurh leáse híwunge, 8. VI a. pretence of piety or goodness, hypocrisy :-- Hí sceolon habban eáðmódnysse on heora æðelum þeáwum mid nánre híwunge, Hml. A. 39, 385. Manega geleáfan Crístes ná lufiað, ac þæne þurh leáse híwunge gehealdan hí gehíwiað multi fidem Christi non amant, sed eandem per hypochrisin tenere se simulant, Scint. 129, 12. VII. of speech, (1) false speech, fiction :-- Híwung oððe leásspel figmentum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 34, 43. Híwungum commentis (haereticorum lenocinantibus illectus), An. Ox. 2911. Híwunga frivola (falsitatis vaticinantem), 1929. (2) speech in which the apparent meaning is not the real, irony :-- Hironiam þurh smicernesse and híwunge, Wrt. Voc. ii. 42, 54. v. frum-, ge-híwung.


Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0548, entry 16
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hláf. In l. 27 after 'bran' add Cht. Th., and add: I. bread made from meal or flour :-- Þú him of eorþan út álddest hláf (panem) tó helpe ... hláf trymeð heortan mannes, Ps. Th. 103, 14, 15. Sý ánes pundes gewihte hláf tó eallum dæge. Sý gehealden þæs pundmtan hláfes se þridda dl panis libera una propensa sufficiat in die ... de eadem libra tertia pars reservetur, R. Ben. 63, 14-16. Hú mæg þm geweorðan þe ... him hláf and stán on gesihðe geweorðað ... þæt hé þone stán nime, ... hláfes ne gíme, El. 611-616. Hé his líchoman him sealde on hláfe, Bl. H. 73, 5. Gé etað hláf be gewihte and gé ne beóð fulle. Lev. 26, 26. Hí hláf ne ton (cf. næs þr (Mermedonia) hláfes wist werum, An. 21) ... ac ton manna líchaman, Bl. H. 229, 8. bread as a food for penitents, &c. :-- Gif hwá ordáles weddige ... féde hé hine sylfne mid hláfe and mid wætere and sealte and wyrtum. Ll. Th. i. 210, 28. Fæsten tó berenan hláfe, Wlfst. 173, 10. I a. in phrases implying the eating of bread, () hláfbrecan to break bread for distribution to others :-- Brec ðm hyngriendum ðínne hláf frange esurienti panem tuam (Is. 58, 7), Past. 315, 14: Bl. H. 37, 20. Áféng se Hlend hláf and hine brc, Mk. 14, 22. Cf. Hú hig hine oncneówan on hláfes brice, Lk. 24, 35. () tó hláfe gan to go to eat bread. Cf. hláf-gang :-- Ðre wucan rdere gange tó hláfe (hláue, v.l.) and drince r ðám þe hé beginne tó rdenne frater ebdomedarius accipiat mixtum priusquam incipiat legere, R. Ben. 63, 1. Ðá wicþénas nre tíde r gemnum gereorde gán tó hláfe (accipiant panem), 59, 14. I b. with qualifying words :-- Cruman berenes hláfes, Lch. ii. 134, 9. Hé þre ytemestan yldo his lífes mid medmiclum hláfe and cealde wætere (pane cibario et frigida aqua) áwreþede, Bd. 5, 12; Sch. 630, 19. Fæsten tó berenan hláfe, Wlfst. 173, 10. Eton hig þeorfne hláf, Angl. viii. 322, 14. His synna beóð ádýlegode þurh þone drihtenlican hláf (= húsel, 5), Ll. Th. ii. 392, 6. II. a loaf, cake :-- Smal hláf artocobus (cf. artocopus a symynel, Wülck. Gl. 564, 43), Wrt. Voc. ii. 10, 47. Þú nymst ánne holne hláf and ánne gebígedne hláf of þm þeorfra hláfa windle tolles tortam panis unius crustulam, laganum de canistro azymorum, Ex. 29, 23. Cuoeð stánas ðás hláfa tó hláfum sié gewordeno dic ut lapides isti panes fiant, Mt. L. 4, 3. Gé ne geðencas fíf hláfana (hláfa, R.) non recordamini quinque panum, 16, 9. Æt .x. hídum tó fóstre .x. fata hunies, .ccc. hláfa, Ll. Th. i. 146, 16. Fíf hláfum onfangenum ... hé ... þá hláfas bræc, Mk. 6, 41: An. 590. Hé nam þæt flsc mid þám heorðbacenum hláfum (cf. focan subcinericios panes, 6), Gen. 18, 8. Æt ánre feorme þonne mon þá hláfas wrát tó þicgeanne cum panes per convivia frangerentur, Oto 5, 10; S. 234, 5. Méwran míne teáras for hláfas, Ps. Th. 41, 3. Æ-acute;;lc gebúr sylle .vi. hláfas ðám inswáne, Ll. Th. i. 434, 21. Hylstene hláfas tortam panis (v. Ex. 29, 23), Wrt. Voc. ii. 30, 21. Hláfas turtas, 94, 24. Hláfas of bere, Jn. R. 6, 9. II a. a bit of bread :-- Hláfes cruste, Wrt. Voc. ii. 21, 1. Hláue crusta, 94, 3. Þá þe wilniað fretan mín folc swá ánne hláf (sicut escam panis), Ps. Th. 13, 9. III. bread as representing food in general :-- On swáte þínes andwlitan þú brícst þínes hláfes in sudore vultus tui vesceris pane, Gen. 3, 19. Wurdon wíde menn wdlan hláfes, Ps. Th. 104, 14. Hé eóde on sumes Fariséa ealdres hús hé hláf te (tó brúcanne hláf, L. R. manducare panem), Lk. 14, 1: 15. Þonne hi hláf etað (mete þicgeað, W.S.), Mt. R. L. 15, 2: Ps. Th. 101, 4: Gen. 935. Þú senst úsne hláf dæghwámlíce, Hy. 7, 68. Hingrendum hláf and hrægl nacedum, Cri. 1355. III a. where bread is taken to represent the food of a meal :-- 'Gerestað eów ... oð þæt ic eów lecge hláf ætforan, þæt gé eów gereordian' ... Abraham þa nam buteran and meoloc and þæt flsc mid þám hláfum and léde him ætforan, Gen. 18, 4-8. III b. in special phrases, e.g. bread of affliction :-- Ðú ús fédest teára hláfe, Ps. Th. 79, 5. Þá þe sáres hláf ton, 126, 3. III c. of spiritual sustenance, bread of life :-- Ic eom lífes hláf, Jn. 6, 35. Críst, se sóða hláf be him sylfum cwæð, 'Ic eom se líflica hláf,' Hml. Th. i. 34, 16. Ðú ús sillest þone hláf éces lýfes, Solil. H. 8, 13. Þé sóðfæst Meotud wist gife, heofonlícne hláf, An. 389. IV. material like bread, manna :-- Hé sealde him heofenes hláf panem coeli dedit eis, Ps. Th. 77, 25. V. a loaf-shaped mass, cake of material :-- Hláf wexenne (cf. weax-hláf) niman freó[n]dscipas níwe gefégð panem cerarium accipere, amicitias nouas iungit (Archiv, cxxv. 63), Lch. iii. 210, 2. v. ælmes-, brád-, hirsting-, hwíte-, oflæt-, oster-, þeorf-, weax-hláf.


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hláford. Add: I. applied to non-English persons, or in a general sense. (1) a master of servants, a male head of a household :-- Gleáw þeów þone geset hys hláfurd (hláferd. L., dryhten, R.) ofer his híred, ðæt hé him on tíde mete sylle, Mt. 24, 45. Se ðeówa nát hwæt se hláford (hláfard, L. R.) déð, Jn. 15, 15. Gif þeów næbbe wíf and his hláford him wíf sylle ... þæt wíf and hire winclo beóð þæs hláfordes ... Gif se wiel cwið: 'Mé is mín hláford leóf,' Ex. 21, 4-5. Se apostol beád ðeówum mannum þæt hí wron heora hláforde getreówe and holde, wre se hláford good, wre hé yfel. Hml. Th. ii. 68, 9. Wénst þú þæt seó mengio þínra monna þé mæge dón gesligne? ... yfele þegnas beóþ heora hláforde fiénd an te longus ordo famulorum facit esse felicem? qui si vitiosi moribus sint ... ipsi domino inimici, Bt. 14, 1; F. 42, 23. Swé swé égan ðiówa in hondum hláfarda heara, Ps. Srt. 122, 2. Ne mæg nán man twám hláfordum þeówian, Mt. 6, 24. (1 a) where the servant is a thing personified :-- Hláford mín (a plough's), Rä. 22, 3. (2) a ruler, one who has subjects, one to whom obedience is due. (a) sovereign of a country, governor of a city or province, an ecclesiastical chief :-- Se hláford (Nero), Met. 9, 55. Se hláford (cf. v. 2) ðe ðm here waldeð, 25, 15. Hyra hláford (Caldéa cyning, 668) læg, Dan. 675. Þæt hé Heardréde hláford wre oððe þone cynedóm ciósan wolde, B. 2375. Gif hwelc swíþe ríce mon on his hláfordes rende færþ, Bt. 27, 2; F. 98, 21. Gyf þínes hláfordes rendgewrit and hys insegel tó ðé cymð, Solil. H. 23, 14. Geðenc nú hweðer mani mann cynges hám séce ... hí cumað æalle tó ánum hláforde, 41, 1-10. Heretoga hláforde leóf, Met. 1, 47. Þegnas síne mynton forltan leófne hláford (cf. Ðracia cining, 22), 26, 72. Þeóda ghwilc hæfdon heora hláford for þone héhstan god (cf. hiora cyningas hí weorþodon for godas, Bt. 38, 1; F. 194, 15), 44. Pílatus gréteþ Claudium his hláford, Bl. H. 177, 5. Rómwarena hláford, El. 983. Úrne hláford (cf. Heliseus hæfde ealdordóm micelne, 25), Jul. 129: 681. Dryhten hláforda Dominus dominorum, Ps. Srt. 135, 3. Hwæt tácnað ús Saul búton yfle hláfurdas (mali rectores)? oððe hwæt Dauid búton góde ðeówas (boni subditi)?, Past. 197, 22. applied to Deity :-- Gif ðá gesceafta heora unwillum hláforde hérden, Bt. 35, 4: F. 160, 21. hí þeówian swilcum hláforde and fægniaþ þæs hé heora wealt, 39, 13; F. 234, 29. Áhóf ic riicnæ kyningc, heafunæs hláford, Txts. 126, 5. Heofeones hláford and ealles middangeardes, Bl. H. 69, 13. Þane can hláford, Solil. H. 25, 2. Hláford eallra, engla and elda, El. 475. (a a) used in addressing a ruler :-- Se biscop wrát nne pistol Theodosio cásere þus cweðende: 'Hyt gedafenað, lá wynsuma hláford ...,' Angl. viii. 322, 48. (b) a military officer, captain :-- Hundraðes monna hláford centurio, Mt. p. 15, 13. (c) a master of disciples :-- Hláford mín (cf. þone leófestan láreów, 977), Gú. 1331. Hé his hláford geseah ellorfúsne ... ongan þá duguda hleó geongran rétan, 1026-1035. Hý þæs láreówes word ne gehyrwdon; sóna wron gearwe hæleð mid hláford, Cri. 461. (d) a major-domo. v. hláf-weard :-- Gesette hine hláford húses his, Ps. Srt. 104, 21. (e) figurative () where the ruler or master is a thing :-- Se wela and se anweald and þá woruldgeslþa sint eówre hláfordas and eówre wealdandas, Bt. 16, 2; F. 50, 36. Ðá unrihtwísan cynges hí underþiódaþ unþeáwum; sceal ðonne néde tó þára hláforda dóme þe hé hine r underþeódde, 37, 1; F. 186, 29 : Met. 25, 65. () where the ruled is a thing :-- Is forweorþfullic wela þe náuþer ne mæg hine selfne gehealdan ne his hláford, Bt. 29, 1; F. 102, 15. Hwí wæs Adame án treów forboden, þá þá hé wæs ealles óðres hláford?, Angl. vii. 6, 42. Þás woruldgeslþa and þes anweald willaþ clifian on þm wyrstan monnum, and him geþafiaþ þæt hí bióð heora hláfordas, Bt. 16, 3; F. 54, 20. (f) used of animals :-- Gif gé gesáwen hwelce mús þæt wre hláford ofer óþre mýs and sette him dómas and nídde hié æfter gafole si inter mures videres unum aliquem jus sibi ac potestatem prae caeteris vendicantem, Bt. 16, 2; F. 52, 2. (3) an owner, a proprietor :-- Gif oxa hníte wer oððe wíf ... his hláford (dominus bovis) bið unscildig. Gif se oxa hnitol wre ... and hig hit his hláforde cýðden ... ofsleah þone hláford, Ex. 21, 28-29. Sum fearr wearð ángencga ... Se hláford ðá gegaderode micele menigu his incnihta, Hml. Th. i. 502, 12; Bl. H. 199, 9. (4) a husband :-- Nerónes wíf, Libia, and Agrippan wíf, Agrippina, noldan leng heora hláforda ne heora wera restgemánan sécean. Bl. H. 173, 15. II. used of Englishmen in technical senses. (1) a master of free or servile labourers :-- Gif þeów mon wyrce on Sunnandæge be his hláfordes hse ... se hláford geselle .xxx. sci. tó wíte ... Gif se frígea þý dæge wyrce bútan his hláfordes hse, Ll. Th. i. 104, 2-6. Gif hláford his þeówan freólsdæge nýde tó weorce ... gylde lahslit se hláford, 402, 17-19. Gif wíteþeów hine forstalie, hó hine mon, and ne gylde his hláforde, 118, 7. (2) the male head of a household, (a) the master of domestics :-- Hæbbe lc hláford his híredmen on his ágenum borge. Ll. Th. i. 394, 27. Híredmanna gehwilc sille pænig tó ælmessan, oððe his hláford sille for hine. Wlfst. 181, 17. (b) the master of a wife, a wife's lord and master, the husband :-- Ðis is geðinge Eádwaldes and Cyneðrýðe, Eðelmódes láfe ymbe ðet lond ðe hire Eðelmód hire hlábard salde, C.D. i. 295, 34. Æfter Byrhtwara (cf. Byrhtwaru Ælfríces láf, 380, 23) dæge ... for Ælfríc hire hláford; and Bró;mleáh ... swá Ælfríc hire hláford hit becwæð, ii. 381, 20-23. Eádgyð seó hlfdie forðférde, seó wæs Eádwardes cynges geresta ... and se cyngc ... leide heó wið Eádwearde cynge hire hláforde, Chr. 1076; P. 212, 22. Þæt wíf sceal hire ealdore (hláforde, v.l.) hiéran, Ll. Th. i. 138, 18. (3) a lord spiritual, the chief of an ecclesiastical establishment, v. hláford-dóm :-- Gif preóst mon ofsleá ... hine mon of þám mynstre ágife, búton se hláford þone wer foreþingian wille, Ll. Th. i. 76, 3. Fóe se hláford tó and ðá hígon æt Krístes cirican ... an ðás rédenne ic hit ðider selle ðe se monn, sé ðe Krístes cirican hláford sié, sé mín and mínra erfewearda forespreoca, and an his hláforddóme wé bión móten, C.D. i. 311, 17-22: 310, 31. Bútan þæs munuces hláfordes léfnesse. Ll. Th. i. 74, 16. Healf cyninge, healf biscepe and þre cirican hláforde þe þá nunnan áge, 66, 17. Wiib and cild ðm hláforde and hígum and ðre stówe befestan, C.D. i. 316, 10. Geunnan healfes Gode and sancte Petre and ðre cyrcean hláforde, v. 143, 2. Ðá menn ðá ðaer (Canterbury) hláfordas wron, 292, 29. Aet hláforda tídum, 293, 17. (4) a lord of vassals or retainers, a feudal lord :-- Godríc þone gódan forlét þe him mænigne oft meár gesealde; hé gehleóp þone eoh þe áhte his hláford, By. 189. Wé cweðað mon móte mid his hláforde feohtan orwíge, gif mon on þone hláford fiohte; swá mót se hláford mid þý men feohtan. Æfter þre ilcan wísan mon mót feohtan mid his mge ... búton wið his hláforde; wé ne liéfað, Ll. Th. i. 90, 19-25: 120, 3: 220, 22: 228, 27. Ne teó se hláford ná máre on his hte bútan his rihtan heregeate, 412, 29. Sé þe ymb his hláfordes feorh sierwe, 64, 4. Sé ðe ðone ándagan brece, búton hit sý þurh hláfordes geban, 260, 13. Gif hwá fare unáliéfed fram his hláforde, 126, 9: 150, 15. Þá þe hine r hláforde befæston, 162, 17. On cinges sele hé his hláforde þénode, 192, 1. Se man þe ætfleó fram his hláforde ... on scypfyrde oþþe on landfyrde, 420, 7. Se man þe on fyrdunge ætforan his hláforde fealle, 15. Gif mon wille of boldgetale in óðer boldgetæl hláford sécan, dó mid þæs ealdormonnes gewitnesse þe hé r in his scíre folgode, 86, 3: 134, 3. Gif hwá embe cynincg oþþe hláford syrwie, 408, 3. (4 a) with special reference to the grant of land :-- Fó se hláford tó his lande þe hé him r sealde, Ll. Th. i. 420, 10. Hláfordes gifu, 292, 16: 422, 2. Æ-acute;lcne man lyst, siððan hé nig cotlýf on his hláfordes lne getimbred hæfð, þæt hé hine móte þár on gerestan ... oð ðone fyrst þe hé bócland and ce yrfe þurh his hláfordes miltse geearnige, Solil. H. 2, 7-13. Ymb mín lond þe ic (Abba geroefa) hæbbe and mé God láh and ic æt mínum hláfordum begæt, C.D. i. 310, 6. (5) the lord of a manor :-- Gif se hláford him wile land árran tó weorce and tó gafole. Ll. Th. i. 146, 3: 436, 9. Gif geneátmanna hwilc forgýmeleásað his hláfordes gafol ... gif se hláford mildheort bið ..., 270, 16-18. Æt hláfordes falde, berne, 434. 13, 16. Gescádwís geréfa sceal witan ge hláfordes landriht ge folces gerihtu, Angl. ix. 259, 4. (5 a) the lord of a manor in legal relations :-- Fó se hláford (landhláford, v.l.) tó healfan, tó healfan hundred, Ll. Th. i. 268, 20: 258, 12-13. Gif se hláford sæcge him náðor ne burste ne áð ne ordál ... niman se hláford him twégen getreówe þegenas innan þám hundrede and swerian ..., 280, 10-13. Gif se hláford hine ládian wylle, 294, 12. Gif þeós lád teórie, gylde twygylde, and hláforde his wíte, 354, 31: 282, 3. (6) a ruler, (a) of a country, (our) lord (the king) :-- Gif úre hláford ús nigne eácan geþæncean mæge tó úrum friðgildum ... uton healdan frið swá hit úrum hláforde lícige, Ll. Th. i. 238, 15-25. Þone man þe úres hláfordes grið tóbrocen hæbbe, 296, 29. Úres hláfordes gerdnes and his witena, 304, 9, 14, 18. Æ-acute;lc mæssepreóst mæssige for úrne hláford and for ealle his þeóde, Wlfst. 181, 22. (b) of a province :-- Æ-acute;r Æðelréd wæs Myrcna hláford, C.D. ii. 131, 28. Æþelrédes dohtor Myrcna hláfordes, Chr. 919; P. 105, 31. Æþréd aldorman and Æthelflæd Myrcna hláfordas, C.D. ii. 151, 1. Hé hit geearnode hit æt Mercna hláfordum, 111, 29. See Chr. P. ii. 118. v. land-, riht-, scip-hláford.


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The following entry has been hand-corrected once.

hlfording, es; m. I. a prince, sovereign :-- Nis n m hlfordinga on worulde þonne twgen, God Ælmihtig and deófol, Wlfst. 298, 7. II. a prince, noble, lord spiritual or temporal :-- Hit wes gesitolad þm hlfordingan þ þron wron, þæt wes Adelwold bisceof and Ælfstn bisceop and Æþelgr abbod and Ælfrc cild . . . and swæ manega ra egenas, C. D. B. iii. 547, 9. [v. N. E. D. lording.]


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