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Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0463, entry 3
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gifan. Add :-- Doto, -as, dono vel gifu, Wrt. Voc. ii. 142, l. Geben (gibaen, Ep. Gl.) wæs inpendebatur, Txts. 71, 1086. I. to give a thing as a present :-- Se wela þe se cyning gifþ his deórlingum. Bt. 29, 1 ; F. 102, 3. Þ. sealdest m wilna geniht. For þan þ ne þearft sceamiaii . . . þæs þ m geáfe, Seel. 149. H geaf m sinc and symbel, B. 2431 : 2173. Nn man ne sylle nn hors ofer s, btan h hit gifan wille, Ll. Th. i. 208, 19. Geafendum mi ingum oblatis muneribus, Mt. p. 14, II. to grant, confer an honour, a privilege, office, favour, &c. :-- Se anweald þe h gifþ his deórlingum, Bt. 29, I ; F. 102, 3. Gif man his mæn freóls gefe, Ll. Th. i. 38, 15. Þpingie h on þm ceápgilde . . . nht on þm wte, btan hit s gifan wille e hit t gebyrige, 210, 18. H scolde heom one pallium gifan, Chr. 995 ; P. 130, 34. II a. to give credit, confidence, affection, &c. :-- Þæs cyninges gefrrden þe h gfþ his deórlingum, Bt. 29, 1 ; F. 102, 3. Gif bisenum lufu is t gefanne si exemplar ibus fides est adhibita. Mt. p. I. 12. III. of superhuman power. Cf. gifeþe :-- Þ, Drihten, forgeáfe þm swlum eard on hiofonum and him þr UNCERTAIN gifst weorþlice gifa, Bt. 33, 4 ; F. 132, 19. Be æs andgites me e God s gifþ, 42 ; F. 256, 4. God dm gife gumena gehwylcum, An. 1153. Giefe, Cri. 674 : Crä. 112. Of þm htum þe ic eów on eoran geaf, Cri. 1502 : 1382. Drihten þm werude geaf md and mihte, Dan. 13. Dryhten hyre weormynde geaf, Jud. 343 : An. 317 : El. 365. Hwæt hæfst æt þm gifum þe cwist seó wyrd eów gife?, Bt. 13 ; F. 38, 5. Him weore bld gifen, Cri. 878. Gyfen, B. 64. III a. used in the expression of a wish :-- Se ælmihtiga God him gife wurscipe, Chr. 1085; P. 217, 13.] Þ Meotud wist gife, An. 388. III b. used absolutely:-- Ðæt is his weorþscipe h sw gifol is, and sw rmedlce gif, Bt. 38, 3; F. 202, 14. Simle h biþ gifende, and ne wanaþ his nfre nuht, 42; F. 258, 5. ¶ to give to do something, grant :-- Heó wæs gelded, gifendum Drihtne and scyldendum, t m munuchde, Gr. D. 199, 18. IV. to assign the future ownership of property, be-queath :-- S þe land gewerod hæbbe . . . , hæbbe h unbesacen on dæge and æfter dæge t syllenne and t gifenne þm þe him leófast s, Ll. Th. i. 420, 22. V. to give in marriage :-- Geaf Æþelwulf cyning his dohtor Burgrde, Chr. 853 ; P. 66, 2. Þ þ heó befleáh þm gesettan gyfte . . . in þm h man gifan wolde dum constitutis jam nuptiis . . . fugisset, Gr. D. 199, 16. VI. to deliver, hand to a person; to give food :-- Þ wæs gylden hylt gamelum rince on hand gyfen, B. 1678. Gif man his heówum in fæsten flsc gefe, Ll. Th. i. 40, 9. . VII. to give into the hands of, handover to possess or to keep, consign, commit, entrust :-- H (hine) lton holm beran, geáfon on grsecg, B. 49. &A-long;gife (gyfe, v. l.) man þm genfrgean his gen, Ll. Th. i. 390, 7. Þeáh him eall sié þes middangeard on ht gifen, Met. 16, 10. VIII. to give in discharge of obligation, pay :-- Him eallum wile Drihten dædleán gyfan, Exod. 263. IX. to give to a superior, pay a tax, due (religious or secular), make an offering :-- Gef ing bebeád Myses offer munus quod praecepit Moses, Mt. L. 8, 4: Mk. L. l, 44. Gif se Fræncisca by ofer-cuman, h gyfe þm cynge .III. pund, Ll. Th. i. 489, 17. Ðing t geaf-anne munus offerendum, Mt. p. 14, 13. X. to give up to, devote, consign :-- Ic h ne sparige, ac on spild giefe, Jul. 85. H Waldend giefe feóndum in forwyrd, Cri. 1614. XI. where the object is a trans-active act considered as given by the agent and received by the person or thing affected :-- Þonne swa h and hlyst gefe, Ph. 143. Eów miltse giefe fæder ælmihtig, Jul. 657. Him se hæle geaf giestlnysse, Gen.

Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0468, entry 1
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i. 66, 10. (5) to take charge of, act as guardian or keeper, (a) the object a person :-- Him (John) befæste se Hlend his mdor, þæt his clne lf æs clnan mdenes gmde, Hml. Th. i. 58, 22. Ðæt hié t slwlce ra ne giémen e him befæste sién a commissorum custodia minime torpescant, Past. 191, 23. Se hierde bi del e scolde re heorde giéman a gregis custodia vacat cura pastoris, 129, 13. Nis t wnanne þætte wolde God hiora gsta mid him gman, Ps. Th. 77, 10. Biwoedded desponsata (in margin: T gmanne nalles t habbanne fore wf), Mt. L. 1, 18. (a ) to have charge as ruler, to rule. v. gmend ; I a. gmen ; II :-- H gesette hig (sun and moon) þæt hig gmdon þæs dæges and þre nihte posuit eas, ut praeessent diei ac nocti, Gen. l, 18. (b) the object a thing, to take charge or possession of:-- Ðonne him fors gebyrige, gme his hlford æs h lfe si mortem obeat, rehabeat dominus suus omnia, Ll. Th. i. 434, 27. (6) to take care that something is or is not done, (a) with positive clause :-- Gme swn h æfter sticunge his slyhtswn we] behweorfe, Ll. Th. i. 430, 15. Ð e ofer re bió giUNCERTAINmen hié geornlce ætte . . . studeant quipraesunt, ut . . . . Past. 119, 13 : 403, 19. Him is t giémenne æt h ætiéwe his hiére-monnum æt h sié hiera fæder on lre curandum est, ut rectorem subditis patrem exhibeat disciplina, 123, 24. Giémanne, 455, 10. Is m lce swe geornlce t giémanne æt h . . . studet qui medetur, ut . . . , 28. (a ) with gen. pronoun and clause :-- H æs giéme æt h lustas temige curet suggestiones edomare, Past. 383, 6. (b) with negative clause :-- Giéma æt g eówre ryhtwsnesse ne dUNCERTAINn beforan monnum attendite, ne justitiam vestram faciatis coram hominibus, Past. 335, 21. Ðæt hié giémen . . . ætte of m gde ne weore wyrse yfel kenned ut sollicite aspiciant, ne . . . , 313, 18. Ðæt hié geornlce giémen æt hié eft synne ne gefremmen ut sollicite custodire studeant, ne . . . , 327, 13. Ufone sceal æt heáfod gman æt ft ne slden caput debet ex alto providere, ne pedes torpeant, 131, 25. (b ) with gen. pronoun and clause:-- Ealde witan þe þæt mynster geondgangen and þæs gman, þæt þr nn bror ymbe delnesse beó, R. Ben. 74, 15. II. to core for. (l) to have a liking or desire for. (a) the object a person :-- Wrleás mon and . . . ungetreów, þæs ne gme God, Gn. Ex. 164. (b) the object a thing, (a) material :-- Eádige beó þ þe þissa eorþwelena ne gmaþ, Bl. H. 159, 30. Seolcenra hrægla h ne gmdon, Bt. 15 ; F. 48, ii. Gm-don, Met. 8, 10. () non-material :-- H isses middangeardes orsorg-nesse ne gm prospera mundi postposuit, Past. 61, 8. Waa ieów welegum e iówer lufu is on eówrum wortildwelum, and ne giéma æs can gefeán, 181, 24. H ge ne gmdon they had no stomach for the fight, By. 192. Þæt slre geceós, oferhda ne gm, B. 1760. Heó m saga, þæt heó mglufan mnre ne gme, Jul. 70. (2) to take interest in, be noc-cerned about, be affected by a matter, (a) with gen. :-- God sylfa þonne ne gmeþ nnges mannes hreówe, Bl. H. 95, 29. H swelces lyt gm, Met. Einl. 8. (b) with clause, to care whether, what, &c. :-- S e ne giém hwæer h sibbe healde qui servare pacem non curat, Past. 345, 12. Hié ne giéma t hwon erra monna wse weore non aliorum lucra cogitant, 41, 24. H giémde hwæt h hæfde monna germes, and ne nm nne wære hlce hié wron, Ors. 5, 4; S. 224, 21. Ne h ne giéme hwelce hylde h mid re ælmessan gewriexle. Past. 323, 17. N h n for þon þre men feormia, h mycclum gman hwæþer heom g s h d, Gr. D. 76, 29. Hw nelt þ gman mn sweostor m lt ne þegnian non est tibi curae quod soror mea reliquit me solam mini-strare? (Lk. 10, 40), Bl. H. 67, 30. (c) with gen. pron. and clause :-- Þonne þæs gman nele Waldend, h þ womsceaþan grten, Cri. 1569. (3) to be anxious, troubled about :-- Ðæt hié t georne ne giémen issa eorlicena ymbhogena ut curare nimis terrena desuescant, Past. 431, 12. Ne gmende gié sié sales iúrres ne solliciti sitis animae vestrae, Mt. L. 6, 25, 28, 31. Nælle g sié gmende in merne. Morgen for on dæg gmende (sollicitus) bi him seolfum, 34. (4) to pay attention to, heed advice, command, &c., keep a covenant, law, rule, act in accordance with, in obedience to. (a) with gen. :-- Gif se brimhengest brdles ne gme, Rn. 21. Þ þe Godes willan wyrca and wsdmes gma þ hwle þe h libba, Wlfst. 5, 6: Ll. Th. i. 334, 20. H þæs cynges worda ne gmdon, for m his rce ne wæs ofer h, Bd. 2, 6 ; Sch. 134, 10. H wre ne gmdon, Exod. 140. Muneca gehwylc þe . . . regoles ne gme, Ll. Th. i. 306, 2. Gme h his crstendomes georne, 310, 4. Godes laga gman, 350, 10: 318, 20. (b) with acc. :-- W bebeóda te Godes þeówas hiora rihtregol gman and on riht healdan, Ll. Th. i. 102, 15. (c) absolute:-- Bisceopas sceolan bodian . . . gme s þe wylle, Ll. Th. i. 374, 21. III. to observe, notice, consider, (a) with gen. :-- Ð spone h e his eáwa giéma spectatores suos ad sublimia invitet, Past. 83, 3. (b) with acc. :-- Hig spyriaþ þæs solecismus un-þeúwas, . . . and eác hig prtlce gma þæs miotacisnius gefleard, Angl. viii. 313, 25. (c) with clause:-- Ne furum ne giéma hwæt hié dn, oe hwonne hié hwæt dn nequaquam, quae quando agant, inspiciuut. 287, 7. Ð slwa, g t metthylle, and giém h hié dó (considera vias ejus), Past. 193, l. Ðæt hié geornlce giémen (ut sollicite consi-derent) hwæer him æt geht cume of frlicum luste, e of gewilnunga, 417, 4, 32. Gman hwæt se Waldend t wrace gesette, Cri. 1600. (d) with gen. and clause :-- Ðæt hié ontnen hiera mdes eágan and giémen issa eorðlicena gesceafta (mentis oculos ad consideranda ea, quae in infimis versantur, aperiant) h fuglas . . . gesibsumlce fara, Past. 349, 20. v. -, be-, mis-gman ; un-gmende.

Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0496, entry 14
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hæleþ. Add: [The declension of this word is like that of ealu ; both are t-stems, and the regular nominative should be hæle q. v. See Kl. Nom. Stam. §29, Sievers Grammar § 281]. I. used with complimentary force of both temporal and spiritual persons; (1) implying excellence in worldly matters :-- David wæs háten diórmód hæleð, Israéls brega æðele and ríce, cyninga cýnost, Ps. C. I. Weorð eác ádrfed deórmód hæleð Óslác of earde, Chr. 975 ; P. 120, 20. Ing wæs rest mid Eást-Denum . . . þus Heardingasþone hæleð nemdun, Rún. 22. Byð for eorlum æðelinga wyn hors hófum wlanc, þr him hæleþe ymb welege on wicgum wrixlað sprce, 19. (l a) transferred to Christ :-- Ongyrede hine geong hæleð, þæt wæs God ælmihtig, strang and stíðmód, gestáh hé on galgan, módig on manigra gesyhðe, Kr. 39. (2) in spiritual matters :-- Ióhannis hæleð helwarum spr. ec, Hö. 24. Wís hæleð (St. Andrew), An. 921. Tírfæst hæleð. . . bisceop se góda . . . ðám wæs Cyneweard nama, Chr. 975 ; P. 120, 9. (3) expressing courtesy in address :-- Nú þú miht gehýran, hæleð mín se leófa, Kr. 78 : 95 : El. 511. II. a man :-- Nnig manna wát, hæleða under heofenum, Sal. 60. Fira gehwylc hæleða cynnes, Wal. 40. Nnig manna under heofonhwealfe hæleða cynnes, An. 545. Dryhten ealra hæleða cynnes, El. 188. Heofonengla here and hæleða beam, ealle eorðbúend and atol deófol, Cri. 1278. Þonne heofon and hel hæleda bearnum, fíra feórum fylde weorðeð, 1592. Mith hliðum, Txts. 151, 12. ¶ in phrases applied (1) to an earthly ruler :-- Eádward cing . . . hæleða wealdend, Chr. 1065; P. 193, 31. Hæleða waldend (the king of Sodom), Gen. 2139. (2) to the Deity :-- Sóð Sunu Metodes, sáwla Bergend, hæleða Helpend, Dan. 403. Hælða

Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0497, entry 11
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hlu. Add: I. sound physical condition :-- Sió hlo ðæs líchoman (salus corporis) , . . ðonne hé ðre hlo benumen wierð, Past. 251, 9-10. Ðæt góde mód de sió hlo (hlu, v. l.) fut oft áweg ádriéfð, 255, 16. Sine tó manianneðá hálan ðæt hié ne forhycgen ðæt hié hér on ðre hwilendlican hlo him geearuigen ðá écan hlo, 247, 12. Hond geedníuad wæs tó hlo (sanitate), Mt. L. R. 12, 13. Sw hwá sw hæfð fulle hlo his líchoman (valeiudinem carports), Past. 250, 3. Waldend him mæg syllan hlo on heáfodgimme, Gn. Ex. 44. II. a making whole, healing, a cure :-- Hé gehledum gewitte árás . . . þá ealle men on þæt gefégon hwilc wundor ðre hlo þurh Drihtnes gyfe geworden wæs (quid ibi sanitatis Domino largiente consejuerelur), Bd. 4, 3 ; Sch. 366, 5. Alle mið hlo untrumige omties sanando languores, Mt. p. 14, 9. Hé monge gehlde . . . hí symle æt Godes cempan gearwe fundon helpe and hlo, Gú. 861 : El. 1216. Gewuniaþ . . , gelómlico wundor hlo geworden beón solent crebra sanitatum miracula operari, Bd. 4, 3; Sch. 365, 16. Wundra manega hlo (monig wundur hlo, v. l.) gefremede wron mulra sauitatum sint patrata miracula, 5, 15; Sch. 649, 11. Haelo (cf. potestatem curandi, Mk. 3, 15) sanitatum. Mk. p. 3, 10. Ic hla (hlo, L. R. ) gefremme sanitates perficio, Lk. 13, 32. III. well-being, welfare, prosperity :-- Hé hí on hlo hýþe geldde, swá hé hira willan wyste fytmest eduxit eos in portum voluntatis eorum, Ps. Th. 106, 29. Sige béc onsendað . . . hlo hýðe þám þe hý lufai, Sal. 245. ¶ in forms of greeting or address (1) on coming to or meeting a person :-- Sié þé éce hlo and in eorðan lof, Cri. 411. Him hlu and lof secgean laudent eum, Ps. Th. 106, 31. Hé hlo ábeád Maria mycle, Men. 50. Mé Gabrihel hlo bodade, Cri. 202. Beádas hlo groetas salutate, Mt. L. ID, 12 : Mk. p. 4, 6. (2) on parting :-- Hlo ábeád heorðgeneátum goldwine Geáta the lord of the Geats (Beowulf at the point of death), liberal and kind, bade farewell to his hearth-sharers, B. 2418. (3) in written communications :-- Eusebius dm bróder in Drihten hlo Eusebius fratri in Domino salulem, Mt. p, 10, 12. Hé þám cásere hlo bodade þyssum worduin, Lch. i. 326, 2. Ilia, safety against attack, deliverance from unfavourable conditions :-- Horn hlo ús. . . Hlo (he álýsde ús, W. S. , R. ) from fióndum úsum cornum salutis nobis . . . salutem ex inimicis nostris, Lk. L. l. 69-71. (1) with gen. of the saver :-- Syle ús on earfoðum fultum, for don hlu byð manna gehwylces ídel (vana solus hominis), Ps. Th. 59, 10. (2) with gen. of the saved :-- Þæt hí for sibbe and hlo heora éðles campedon ut hi pro patriae pace et salute mililarent, Bd. 1, 15; Sch. 41, 10. Gemicligende hlo kyningces his magnificans salutes regis eius, Ps. L. 17, 51. IV. mental or spiritual health or well-being :-- Ðá truman sint tó manianne ðæt hié gewilnigen mid ðæs lícuman trumnesse ðæt him ne losige sió hlo ðæs módes admanend: sunt incolumes ut salutem carports exerceant ad salutem mentis, Past. 247, 7. Genóh ryhte þú hit ongitst, and is tácn ðínre hlo indicium est erectae naturae, Bt. 36, 4; F. 178, 25. SiÍ sául, ðonne hió gebdd wierð ðæt yfel tó forltanne . . . sécð ðonne ðá forloreaan hlo (salutem amissam), Past. 251, 14. IV a. safety, deliverance, salvation. Cf. III a :-- Hine God freoðade on foldan, swá hé feora gehwylc healdeð in hlo (cf. nó God wolde þæt seó sáwl sár þrowode, 379), þr se gst þíhð in þeáwum, Gú. 368. 'Gehle mé (salvum me fac) ðín sió swíðre ' . . . Hé gecýðde ðæt hé dæs écean llfes hílo (aeternam salutem) sóhte, Past. 389, 22. Ic his sácerdas mid hlu gegyrwe sacerdotes ejus induam salutare, Ps. Th. 131, 17. (1) with gen. of saver :-- Sæle mé, Dryhten, þínre hlo heht redde mihi laetitiam salutaris tui, Ps. C. loo. Þ-bar; mín gást wynsumige on þínre hlo, Bl. H. 159, 3. Geségon égo mín hlo ðín (salutare tuum), Lk. L. R. 2, 30. Sæcgeað Drihtnes hlu, Ps. Th. 95, 2. (2) with gen. of saved. See next paragraph. ¶ the salvation effected by Christ's death :-- Hl ús, wé þe synt on líchomum lifgende, and eác þá þe on helle synt biddaþ þínre onlésnesse and þínre hlo, Bl. H. 81, 23. Þt þú ús áhredde and ús hlo giefe sylle, Cri. 374: 613: 1575. Him selfum tó écere hlo. Chr. 855; P. 66, 8 : Ll. Th. i. 103, 7. Eal þis hé þrowode for úre lufon and hlo, 61. H. 23, 35. For manna hlo, 79, 3. Fore uncerra sáula héla and uncerra bearna, C. D. i. 292, 26. (Cf. pro remedio animae meae et filii nostri, 287, 31. ) Sancta Maria bróhte eallum geleaffullum éce hlo, 5, 31. IV b. that which produces spiritual health or well-being :-- Is wel gecueden ðætte ðæt flsclice líf sié ðre heortan hlo vita carnium sanitas cordis, Past. 235, 22. Ðæt hié geðencen hú micel hlo ðæt bið ðre heortan ðæt se líchoma sié medtrum ut considerent, quanta salus cordis sit molestia corporalis, 255, 14. [v. N. E. D. heal; sb.] v. un-hlu.

Source: Bosworth/Toller, page d0506, entry 9
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hand. For B. 2137 see hand-gemne, dele the passage from Ll. Th. i. 18, 1. and add: I. a hand: -- Gif hé heáhre handa dyntes onféhð if he receives a blow from an uplifted hand, i. e. a violent blow. ( For the force of heáh cf. (?) its metaphorical use in: Úre hand ys heáh Deut. 32, 27 ; and for the idea of force suggested by the position of the hand cf. : Hé his handa ál UNCERTAIN óf and hí wolde wíde tódrífan, Ps. Th. 105, 21), Ll. Th. i. 18, 1. Gif men sié se earm mid honda mid ealle of ácorfen beforan elmbogan, 96, 28. On sumre stówe se hróf wæs man mid his handa neálíce gercean mihte, Bl. H. 207, 22. Mid handa, Hml. Th. i. 508, 20. Forlét hé daroð of handa fleógan of folman, By. 149. Ne wolde hé óðer wpen habban bútan áne girde him on handa (on hand nyman, v. l.), Bd. 3, 18 ; Sch. 275, 9 : Gen. 678: B. 495 : 540. Ánra gehwylc wið earm gesæt, hleonade wið handa, Sat. 433. Hé hond álegde, earm and eaxle . . . Grendles grápe, B. 834. On þám háligdóme swerian þe him man on hand sylð, Ll. Th. i. 292, 15. Fét sint gebundene, handa gehæfte, Gen. 380. Mínra handa geweald, 368. Handa þuman palmarum pollices, An. Ox. 3547. Onfón mid geglófedum handum, Solil. H. 42, 12. Betwuh hondum intra tenentis manus, Past. 241, 12. Hí hyra handa on hine wurpon and námon hine, Mk. 14, 46. Handa sendan, El. 457. I a. brád hand the palm of the hand :-- Bráde hand palmam, Wrt. Voc. ii. 74, 22. Þú mid þínre brádre hand (alapa) þá nunnan þaccodest, Gr. D. 190, 13. Ongan heó þerscan heó sylfe mid hire fýste ge eác mid hire brádum handum ( alapis pugnisque), 68, 29. Sume hyne slógun on his ansýne mid hyra brádum handum palmas in faciem ei dederunt, Mt. 26, 67. ¶ the loss of the hand was the penalty for certain crimes :-- Gif hwá on cirican hwæt geþeófige . . . sleá mon þá hond of þe hé hit mid gedyde, Ll. Th. i. 66, 4. Be cirliscum þeófe gefongenum . . . sleá mon hond of oþþe fót 114, 7. Gif se mynetere fúl wurðe, sleá mon of þá hand þe hé fúl mid worhte, 206, 20. ¶ The hand was used in various ways in formal proceedings. (1) legal, v. Grmm. R. A. 137 sqq. :-- Cliroc feówra sum hine clnsie (and áne his hand on wiófode . . . ), Ll. Th. i. 40, 17. Ic hebbe tó heofena míne hand and ic swerie, Deut. 32, 40. Þ-bar; hý ealle gemnum handum of gðere mgðe on ánum wpne þám sémende syllan cyninges mund stande, Ll. Th. i. 174, 21. (2) in religious ceremonial :-- Hé heóld hine tó handa eum ad confirmandum tenuit, Chr. 855; P. 67, 27. Hine nam se cing tó bisceopes handa, 993; P. 126, 8. II. in figurative expressions arising from the use of the hand (1) to grasp, hold, retain; where possession, custody, control, authority, &c., are denoted :-- Sé þe at habbendre handa (with stolen goods upon him; cf. hand-hæbbende) gefangen sý, Ll. Th. i. 220, 11. Ámanige þre scíre bisceop þá bóte tó þæs cynges handa, 266, 20. Twégen cempan . . . þá r wron under Eustachius handa two soldiers . . . they had served under Eustace, Hml. S. 30, 231. Under cyngces hand, Ll. Th. i. 284, 14. Áhrede of þæs hundes handa mín líf, Ps. Th. 21, 18. Æ-acute;lc þing þe tó Godes handa belimpan sceolde, Wlfst. 211, 3. Gást mínne ágifan on þínes sylfes hand, An. 1419: Hy. 7, 83. Sé hafað in hondum heofon and eorðan, Gú. 619. (1 a) referring to a thing (not a person) :-- Deað and líf on þre tungan handa, R. Ben. 21, 21. (2) to give :-- Griþ hé mid his ágenre hand sylð, Ll. Th. i. 292, 5. Unnendre handa ltan bona voluntate dimittere, Cht. Th. 202, 37. Eorðe wældreóre swealh of handum þínum, Gen. 1017. III. in expressions arising from considering actions as performed by the hand. (1) where the hand is spoken of as the agent : -- Sum mæg wrtlice weorc áhycgan . . . hond bið gelred, wís and gewealden, Crä. 45. Nú seó hond ligeð, seó þe eów welhwylcra wilna dohte, B. 1343. Hond gemunde fhðo genóge, feorhsweng ne ofteáh, 2488. Sceal hond and heard sweord ymb hord wígan, 2509. Him sió swíðre swaðe weardade hand on Hiorte, 2099. (2) where the word denotes agency, instrumentality in general :-- Oft him bonena hond on herefelda gesceóde, An. 17. Úre hand ys heáh and ne worhte Drihten þás þing, Deut. 32, 27. Mín hand byð ofer þíne æceras and ofslihð þíne hors, Ex. 9, 3: Gú. 230. Monnes hond, 429. Under þre mihte Godes handa, Bl. H. 99, 3: Ps. Th. 88, 12. Hé mid árleásre hond (handa, v. l.) hí ácwealde, Bd. 3. 1 ; Sch. 192, 6. God þás fyrd wereð mid þre miclan hand, Exod. 275. Se ælmihtiga lét his hond cuman . . hyht wæs geníwod, Gú. 924. Gif se mon áhefþ his handa tó ælmesddum, Bl. H. 37, 24. Waldend his honda árrde wið þám herge, Gen. 50 : Ps. Th. 105, 21. IV. in reference to the position of the hands one on each side of the body. (1) (right or left) hand :-- Þr stent cwén þé on þá swýðran hand (a dextris tuis), Ps. Th. 44, 11. Siteð nú on þá swíðran hond sunu his fæderes, Sat. 580. Tó þám yflum þe him bið on þá wynstran hond, Cri. 1364. (2) of relative position generally (every or any) side :-- Beón hí ðr on lce hand beclýsede, Hml. S. 23, 326. (3) of relative position of opponents, side: -- Þr wearþ monig mon ofslægen on gehwæþere hond (gðre hand, v. l.), Chr. 853 ; P. 66, 2. On swá hwæðere hond Dryhten mrðo déme, B. 686. V. used of a person considered (1) as a protector, custodian, &c., cf. II :-- Ic wylle ðæt man ágyfe ðám híwum hyra freóls swylce hand (lord) tó ceósenne swylce him leófast sý, C. D. ii. 116, 35. (2) as an agent. Cf. III :-- Gestle on ryhtran hand gif hé mge, Ll. Th. i. 76, 7. (3) as a recipient of property, an heir: -- Nú hit eall ágán is on ðron oð ðíne hand (until you inherited) ; ðonne ðú hit becweðe and sylle swá gesibre handa swá fremdre swaðer ðe leófre sý, C. D. ii. 114, 7. Sylle heó hit on ðá hand ðe hire fre betst gehýre, vi. 138, 27. VI. skill in using the hand, skill :-- Ælfwine hæfde moncynnes míne gefrge leóhteste hond lofes tó wyrcenne, Víd. 72. VII. as a measure, v. hand-brd :-- Wæs swá mycel þæs treówes gesýne swá wolde beón gód hande brád (handbred ?), Vis. Lfc. 73. VIII. in prepositional phrases. (1) æt. (a) at hand, within reach :--Ðá sæt hé æt beóde, næfde þá æt handa hwr hé gebróhte lác healdan sceolde, Bd. 3. 2 ; Sch. 197, 20. (b) expressing immediate source, at (a person's) hand :-- Hé náh mid rihte óþres mannes tó onfónne æt fulluhte ne æt biscopes handa, Wlfst. 307, 28. (2) be, by hand(s), with the hands: -- Hine Beówulf hæfde be honda (Beowulf's hand clutched Grendel), B. 814. Ic be hondum mæg hðenra sceal grípan tó grunde, Sat. 268. (3) for, on behalf of, in the interest of, on account of :-- Ælfríc nam toll for þæs kynges hand, Cht. Th. 635, 24: 631, 39: 639, 16: 636, 2. (4) of, from subjection to :-- God hé álýsde láðum of handa, Ps. Th. 106, 2. (5)

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bioð anlíc þára his þegna sumum, 37, 1 ; F. 186, 12. Sendon hý ymb heora þæt mste bismer, Ors. 3, 11 ; S. 146, 28. () without noun :-- Æ-acute;r þá Crístnan mehten hira út áscúfan, Chr. 897 ; P. 91, 13. ( ) as substantive:-- Hé bið gelícost ðm men ðe his tówirpð, Past. 445, 18. Ðá ðe hiera (hiora, v. l.) sellað qui sua largiuntur, 327, 12. II. where the pronoun refers to an animal. (1) masculine:-- Feóll se assa . . . and Balaam beót hine. Þá geopenode Drihten þæs assan múð, and hé cwæð: 'Hwí beáest UNCERTAIN þú me?' Num. 22, 27-28. Þr wæs begyten se msta bera . . ., sé wæs gewunod hé manna líchaman slát . . . þá wæs hé mid réðnesse onled, and ðone biscop gesóhte; ac hé forgeat ealle þá his réðnesse and his heáfod ofdúne ásænde, Gr. D. 194, 24-195, 3. Fleógende fugel, ðonne hé gífre bið, hé gesihð ðæt s, Past. 331, 17. Gif se hund má misdda gewyrce, and hé (the owner) hine (the dog) hæebbe, Ll. Th. i. 78, 6. (2) feminine :-- Hé ásende áne culfran, heó sceáwode. . . . Heó fleáh, and ne mihte findan hwær heó hire fót ásette, Gen. 8, 8-9. Seó leó, ðeáh hió wel tam sé, and hire mágister lufige, Bt. 25 ; F. 88, 9. Seó leó mid hire clifrum scræf geworhte, Hml. S. 23 b, 787. Beseó hé tó þre nddran, and hé leofað sóna swá hé besihð on hig. Num. 21, 8. (3) for genitive as possessive see instances under (1) and (2). III. where the pronoun refers to an inanimate thing. (1) masculine :-- Ðæs mónan ryne is nearo, for þan þe hé yrnð ealra tungla niðemest, Lch. iii. 248, 9. Of ðám wtan þe byð gefroren r þan hé tó dropum geurnen UNCERTAIN sý, 278, 25. Þá lwedan willað habban þone mónan be þám ðe hí hine geseóð, 266, 10. Hé nam þá hláfas and hig gedlde, Jn. 6, 11. (1 a) where the pronoun refers to either a masc. or fem. noun, cf. I. 1 a :-- Gyf þín hand oððe þín fót þé swicað áceorf hyne of, Mt. 18, 8. (2) feminine:-- Sió sprc . . ., hié (hió, v. l.) . . . gelrð, Past. 275, 4. Sió gesceádwíslice gecynd . . . ðonne hé . . . forliésð, 351, 1 . Nilus seó eá hire wielme is néh þm clife . . . and þr hió rest úp wielð. . . . Ond þonne of þm s þr hé úp of þm sonde scýt hé is eást irnende . . . and þr mon ht þá eá Ion, Ors. 1, 1; S. 12, 19-27. Man wísdóm and láre hieder on lond sóhte, and wé hié (hí, v. l.) nú sceoldon úte begietan, gif wé hié habban sceoldon. Swá clne hió wæs oðfeallenu . . ., Past. 3, 13. Æ-acute;lc s, þeáh heó deóp sý, hæfð grund on ðre eorðan, Lch. iii. 254, 20. 'Teóh ðíne hand' . . . þá teóh hé hig ongeán and bróhte hí eft út, and heó wæs gelíc þám óðrum flsce, Ex. 4, 7. Seó Ægyptus . . . be norþan hire . . ., and be eástan hiere, Ors. 1. 1 ; S. 12, 16-17. Genim þás wyrte . . . cnuca hý, Lch. i. 122, 2. Hié hiora (books) nánwuht ongiotan ne meahton for ðm ðe hié nron on hiora ágen geðióde áwritene, Past. 5, 12. (2 a) pleonastic :-- Seó eorþe þe Lazarus deádan líchaman heóld, heó hyne cwycne ágeaf, Nic. 14, 37. v. Ors. 1, 1; S. 12, 16 supra. (2 b) possessive :-- Heó (the sun) mid heore beorhtan scíman, Bt. 4 ; F. 6, 33. Hiore, 41, 1 ; F. 244, 7. Hyre, Lch. iii. 260, 10. IV. where the pronouns are used to mark sex :-- Sum cyn is gecweden epicena, þæt is on Englisc gemenged : hic coruus ðes hremn, swá hwæðer swá hit byð, swá hé , swá heó ; hic miluus ðes glida, gðer ge hé ge heó ; haec aquila ðes earn; gðer ge hé ge heó, Ælfc. Gr. Z. 19, 10-14. Ursus bera, ursa heó, Wrt. Voc. i. 78, 12, 13. B. neuter forms. I. where the pronoun refers to a neuter noun. (1) the noun denoting a person. (a) a male. cf. A. I. 1 a :-- Underfóh þis cild (puerum istum) and féd hit, Ex. 2, 9. Áxiað be þám cilde, and þonne gé hyt gemélað, Mt. 2, 8. (b) a female, v. (4). (c) sex not determined : -- Manig wíf swelt for hire bearne r heó hit forðbringan mæge, Bt. 31, 1; F. 112, 11. (2) the noun denoting an animal :-- Ongan his hors wérigean . . . oð ðæt hit on eorðan hreás, Bd. 3, 9; Sch. 230, 3; Ps. Th. 32, 15. nán man ne sylle nán hors ofer s bútan hé hit gifan wille, Ll. Th. i. 208, 19. Hé genam án cealf . . . and se cnapa hit ofslóh, Gen. 18, 7. (3) the noun denoting an inanimate object :-- Ðæt hefige mód glít . . . , oð hit áfielð . . . ; for ðæm hit r hit nolde behealdan . . . , hit sceal áfeallan, Past. 279, 2-5. Hé ðæs áliéfdan nánwuht nolde forltan, ac his swíðe ungemetlíce breác, 339, 5. Wé cwdon be hláfordsearwe, hé beó his feóres scyldig, gif hé his ætsacan ne mihte, Ll. Th. i. 202, 3. Hé ástígende on án scyp . . . bæd hyne hé hit fram lande tuge, Lk. 5, 3. Wæs micel licggende feoh funden ; sum hit Scipia tó Róme sende, sum hé hit hét ðm folce dlan, Ors. 4, 10 ; S. 196, 30. (3 a) pleonastic :-- Hit is welig þis eálond on wæstmum, Bd. 1, 1 ; Sch. 8, 6. Hit hafað þis land sealtseáðas, and hit hafað hát wæter, 24. Brittania þæt ígland hit is norðeástlang ; and hit is eahta míla lang, Ors. 1, 1 ; S. 24, 12. Mýn rýce nys ná on þysum myddanearde; gif hyt on þysum myddaneard(e) mýn ríce wre, þonne . . . , Nic. 4, 37. Uton oðwendan hit monna bearnum, þæt heofonríce, nú wé hit habban ne móton. Gen. 403 : B. 1705. (3 b) pronoun omitted :-- On þám gemótan, þeáh wurðan on namcúðan stówan, Ll. Th. i. 348, 17. (4) possessive, its (his, her) :-- Þ-bar; hús feóll; and his hryre wæs mycel, Mt. 7, 27. Þ-bar; mægden cuoeð móder his puella dicit matri suae, Mk. L. 6, 28. Hé geheáld hond his (hyre hand, W. S.) cuoeðende, 'Lá, mægden, árís,' Lk. 8. 54. II. where the pronoun represents a masculine or feminine noun. (1) masc. (a) a living creature :-- Gif se oxa spyrnð ongeán ðá gáde, hit dereð him sylfum, Hml. Th. i. 390, 10. (b) an inanimate object :-- Se wta . . . , gyf hit sealt sý . . . , hit byð . . . tó ferscum wæterum áwend, Lch. iii. 278, 10. Hié wurdon geunrét mid moncwealme, and sé wæs swá ungemetlic, ðæt hié . . . sóhton hú hí hit gestillan mehte, Ors. 3, 10; S. 140, 8. Þisne middangeard . . . hit, S. 142, 23: Past. 5, 5. (2) fem. (a) a living creature :-- Geseah hé león (cf. seó leó, 777) . . . and hit his fótlástes liccode, Hml. S. 23 b, 773. (b) an inanimate object :-- Ðára byrðenna hefignesse, eall ðæt ic his geman, ic áwríte, Past. 23, 12. Ne gð ná máre tó métinge búton þæt þú hit geseó and herige, Hml. Th. i. 186, 7. Þá þe landáre hæfdon, hí hit beceápodon, 316, 10. ¶ possessive :-- Þonne seó leó bringð his hungregum hwelpum hwæt tó etaune, Ors. 3, 11; S. 142, 24 : Hml. S. 23 b, 778. III. the pronoun representing a personal pronoun or noun :-- Cwyst þú eom ic hyt (ah ic hit eam, R. ) numquid ego sum?. Mt. 26, 22. Ah hit sié ic numquid ego ?, Mk. R. 14, 19. Gif þú hyt eart ( si, R.) si tu es, Mt. 14, 28. Hí wiston hit wæs Drihten scientes quia Dominus est, Jn. 21, 12. III a. the pronoun omitted :-- Se Hlend cwæð: 'Hé ys (he it is, A. V.) sé ðe ic ráce hláf, ' Jn. 13, 26. Him wearð gesd wre Martinus, Hml. S. 31, 994. IV. where the pronoun represents an object which is described in, or may be inferred from, the context :-- Þá þá þú tó þám gefeohte férdest þú offrodest deóflum, and nú ðú sigefæst cóme þú gebde þé tó Críste; cýð mé hú hit sý, Hml. S. 7, 342. Genim þá ylcan wyrte, and wyl on ealdan wíne tó þriddan dle, hit hlþ wunderlíce, Lch. i. 72, 24: 122, 9. Genim þre ylcan wyrte þreóra trymessa wge, seóð on ealdum wíne, and gníd þrtó xxvii piporcorn; gedrinc his þreó full fulle, 74, 1. Sete ðín wín, and lege ðínne hláf ofer ryhtwísra monna byrgenne, and ne et his nánwuht, Past. 327, 2. Æfter ðm þe him swá oftrdlíce mislamp, hié angunnan hit wítan heora látteówum and heora cempum heora earfeþa, Ors. 4, 4; S. 164, 25. IV a. where hit stands in apposition to a following clause or infinitive phrase :-- Hycgað his ealle, hú gé hí beswícen, Gen. 432. Unc hit Waldend héht for wera synnum Sodoma and Gomorra sweartan líge fýre gesyllan and þás folc sleán, 2504. V. hit as indefinite subject :-- On lencten hit gréwð, and on hærfest hit fealwaþ, Bt. 21; F. 74, 22. Swylce hit ealle niht dagie, Lch. iii. 260, 1. Hit segð on hálgum bócum, þæt . . . , Wlfst. 146, 16. Þæs ylcan scyldige þe hit hér beforan cwæð, Ll. Th. i. 248, 18. Winnende þr hit þonne þearf wæs, Ors. 6, 23; S. 274, 29. Harold þr his liðes ábád, for þám þe hit wæs lang r hit man gegaderian mihte, Chr. 1066 ; P. 196, 14. ¶ with plural verb :-- Fór Hannibal, þéh þe hit (the earlier MS. omits hit) ymbe þone tíman wron swá micel snáwgebland, Ors. 4. 8; Bos. 90, 5.

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heofon. Add; In later specimens the word is often feminine, e.g. :-- Hoc caelum þeós heofen, Ælfc. Gr. Z. 86, ii. I. the overarching vault of sky, the sky, firmament, v. heofon-hróf, -hwealf :-- Hé cwæð, 'Geweorðe heofen', and þrrihte wæs heofen geworht (cf. Gen. I. 6, 8), Hml. Th. i. 6, 1-2. Heofon biþ open on þm eástdle. and mycel mægen forþ cymeþ, and þone heofon oforþecþ . . . and seó heofon biþ gefeallen æt þm feówer endum middangeardes, Bl. H. 93, 1-5. Swelce eal se hefon birnende wre, Ors. 2, 6; S. 86. 23. Se heofen, 4, 7; S. 184, 22. Hié gesáwon swelce se hefon wre tóhliden Falescis coelum scindi velut magno hiatu visum, 4, 8 ; S. 188, 26. Hí woldon witon hú heáh hit wre tó þm hefone, and hú ðicke se hefon wre and hú fæst, oððe hwæt þr ofer wre, Bt. 35, 4; F. 162, 21-23. Behealde hé on feówer healfe his hú widgille ðæs heofones hwealfa biþ, 19; F. 68, 22. Þá gigantas woldon tóbrecan ðone heofon under him (Jove), 35, 4; F. 162, 12. Byrnendne heofon, Exod. 73. I a. as the expanse in which the sun, moon, and stars are fixed :-- Firmamentum is þeós roderlice heofen mid manegum steorrum ámétt, Lch. iii. 254i 8: 232, 21. Tunglena heofon, Angl. vii. 12, 109. Þá þá Críst ácenned wæs, þá sende seó heofen níwne steorran, Hml. Th. i. 298, 26. Heofon ongeat hwá hine getremede tungolgimmum, Cri. 1150. Beneald þá tunglu þæs heán heofnes, Bt. 39, 13; F. 232, 26. Heofones tungul. Ors. 3, 5; S. 104, 18. Mon geseah swelce hit wre án gylden bring on heofonum brdre þonne sunne; and wæs from þm heofone brádiende niþer oþ þá eorþan, and wæs eft farende wið þæs heofones, 5, 10; S. 234, 8-11. Ðonne seó sunne on hádrum heofone beorhtost scíneþ, Bt. 9; F. 26, 15. Þá steorran synd fæste on þre heofene; þæt (what) menn geseóð feallan of þre heofone, swylce hyt sýn steorran, hyt beóð spearcan, Angl. viii. 320, 31: Cri. 940. Sceáwa heofon, hyrste gerím, rodores tungel, Gen. 2180. I b. considered as a revolving sphere :-- Seó heofon belýcð on hyre bósme ealne middaneard. And heó fre tyrnð onbútan ús swiftre þonne ánig mylenhweól eal swá deóp under þyssere eorðan swá heó is bufan. Ealle heó is sinewealt and ansund, Lch. iii. 232, 17-21. Firmamentum is þeós roderlice heofen . . . seó firmamentum tyrnð symle onbútan ús. . . ac þr is ungerím fæc betweón hyre and þre eorðon, 254, 8-13. Firmamentum, ys þeós heofon, heó ys gesewenlic and líchamlic . . . and heó fre tyrnð onbútan ús, Angl. viii. 309, 44. Hwylces gecyndes is seó heofon ? Fýres gecyndes and sinewealt and symle turniende, vii. 12, 107: 14, 137. Se heofen mót brengon leóhte dagas and eft leóht mid þeóstrum behelian, Bt. 7, 3 ; F. 20, 20. Wé wendað úre neb tó eástdle þr seó heofen áríst, Hml. Th. i. 262, ii. 6. Behealdaþ ðá hrædférnesse þisses heofenes, Bt. 32, 2 ; F. 116, 6. ¶ used figuratively :-- Míne þeówas sindon wísðómas and cræftas; mid þám þeówum ic eom ealne þone heofon ymbhweorfende, and þá niþemestan ic gebrenge æt þám héhstan, and þá héhstan æt þám niþemestan rotam volubili orbe versamus, infima summis, summa infimis mutare gaudemus, Bt. 7, 3; F. 20, 35. I c. the plural used with the same sense as the singular :-- Þæt weorc þínra fingra, þæt synd heofonas and móna and steorran, Ps. Th. 8, 4. Hé geseah áne hldre standan æt him on eorðan. Óðer ende wæs uppe on hefenum (-onum, v.l.), Past. 101, 19: Chr. 773; P. 50, 20. On heofonum coelo, Ors. 5, 10; S. 234, 9 : 2, 6; S. 86, 22. God hét hyne lócian tó heofonum suspice coelum, Gen. 15, 5 : Bt. 39, 7 ; F. 222, 6 : Hml. Th. ii. 150, 23. Holm under heofonum, Gen. 161 : 1387 : Ph. 58. Hæleð under heofenum, B. 52. Ic gesié heofenas (caelos), werc fingra ðínra. Ps. Srt. 8, 4. I d. as the object towards which eyes or hands are directed under the influence of reverence or strong emotion :-- Hé his handa wæs uppweardes brdende wið þæs heofones (manus ad coelum tendens), and mid oferheortnesse him wæs wniende, Ors. 4, 5 ; S. 166, 19. Ic hebbe tó heofena míne hand and ic swerie, Deut. 32, 40. Hé nolde furðun his eágan áhebban úp tó þám heofone (heofne, L., R.), Lk. 18, 13. Hé beseah on þone heofon (heofun, R.), Mt. 14, 19. On þone heofon behealdende geómrode, Mk. 7, 34. Mid ábrdedum handum and in þá heofon lócigende, and mid teárum geómrigende. Hml. S. 23b. 701. I e. where great height is expressed by saying a thing reaches heaven. (l) physical :-- Micle burga and oð heofun fæste urbes magnae et ad coelum usque munitae, Deut. I. 28. Þá tó heofenum úp heáh ástígað ascendant usque ad coelos, Ps. Th. 106, 25 : Exod. 460: 492. Bryne stígeð heáh tó heofonum, Ph. 521. Dúst stonc tó heofonum, Ra. 30, 12. (2) of exalted position :-- Þú, Cappernaum, cwyst þú bysi þú úpáhafen oð heofen, Mt. ii. 23. II. the region of the atmosphere in which birds fly, clouds float, moisture is stored, v. heofon-fleógende, -flód, -fugol, -fýr, -wolcen :-- Seó heofon (hefon, L., heofunn, R.) wæs belocen þreó gér and syx mónþas, Lk. 4, 25. Heofon réce swealg, B. 3156. Of heofenes deáwe de rore coeli, Gen. 27, 28. Heofenes (heofnes, L., R.) fugelas, Lk. 13, 19. Se swéta mete ðe him cuóm of hefonum (cf. hét hé þá wídan duru wolceiv ontýnan heá of heofenum, and hider rignan mannum tó móse, Ps. Th. 77, 25), Past. 125, 20. Mon geseah weallan blód of eorþan, and rínan meolc of heofonum, Ors. 4, 3 ; l. 162, 7. III. the region beyond the visible sky :-- Ær þám þe gewíte heofon and eorþe, Mt. 5, 18. Þeós wlitige gesceaft, heofon and eorðe, An. 1440. III a. plural with force of singular :-- Bið gehýred mycel stefn on heofenum fyrdweorodes getrymnesse, and heofon biþ open on þm eástdle, and mycel mægen forþ cymeþ þurh þone openan dl, Bl. H. 91, 35. Ealle gesceafta, heofenas and englas, sunnan and mónan and eorðan, sand ealle fixas God gesceóp on syx dagum, Hml. Th. i. 14, 27. IV. one of the spheres into which the realms of space round the earth were divided by the early astronomers :-- Siofon heofonas sindon in gewritum leornode; is se lyftlica heofon, and se oferlyftlica and se fýrena heofon and se stronga heofon þe wé rodor hafað, and se egeslica heofon and engla heofon and heofon þre hálgan ðrinnisse, Nap. 50. Ðonne bist þú bufan ðám swiftan rodore and ltst behindan þe þone héhstan heofon, Bt. 36, 2 ; F. 174, 16. V. the celestial abode of immortal beings. ( l) of God and his angels :-- Heofon is his þrymsetl, Hml. Th. i. 262, 4. Heofan, El. 753. Heofones waldend, Gen. 300. Ic hæbbe geweald tó gyrwanne seðl on heofne, 282. (I a) plural with same meaning as singular :-- Heofona freá, Gen. 1404. On heofona ríce, 254. Heofna ealdor. Sat. 567. On heáhsetle heafena ríces, Hy. 8, 29. Hé r worolde rícsode on hefenum (-onum, v.l.), Past. 33, 13. Hé tó heofonum ástág, on his ealdcýððe, Cri. 737. Ic gefylle mid mé sylfum heofenas and eorðan, Hml. Th. i. 262, 3 : Men. 65. (2) of beatified spirits :-- Sié þára manna gehwám heofones duru ontýned, El. 1230. (2 a) pl. as sing. :-- Seó sáwl færð tó heofonum, Bt. 18, 4; F. 68, 14. Þú forgeáfe þám sáwlum eard on heofonum, 33, 4 ; F. 132, 19. (3) one of the seven heavens recognized by the Jews :-- Paulus árímde ðá diógolnissa ðæs ðriddan hefones, Past. 99, 8. Þá óðre heofenan þe bufan hyre (the firmamenf) synd and beneoðan synd ungesegenlice and mannum unásmeágendlice. Synd swá þeáh má heofenan (heofena, Angl. viii. 310, 3. , swá swá se wítega cwæð, 'Coeli coelorum, ' is heofena heofenan. [Þás heofona tácniað þá apostolas and þá wítegan; be heom ys gecweden, 'Celi enarrant gloriam Dei,' Angl. viii. 310, 5.] Eác se apostol Paulus áwrát hé wæs geldd oð ðá þriddan heofenan, Lch. iii. 232, 21-26. Þeáh hé (Christ) on eorðan cenned wre, hwæðre his meahta spéd heáh ofer heofonum (or under I c ?) wunade, Ph. 641. Hefonas hé (St. Paul) ðurhfór mid his módes sceáwunga, Past. 99, 23. (4) the abode of heathen deities :-- Þte UNCERTAIN Job sceolde beón se héhsta god . . . and sceolde rícsian on heofenum, Bt. 35, 4; F. 162, 7. (5) applied figuratively to a righteous person :-- Se rihtwísa is heofen geháten, for ðam þe on rihtwísum mannum is Godes wunung, Hml. Th. i 262, 15. VI. the power or majesty of heaven; the ruler of heaven :-- Se wísdóm nis ufan cumen of hefenum . . . ac sé sé ðe of Gode cymð, hé bið gesibsum non est ista sapientia desursum descendens . . . Quae desursum esi sapientia, pacifica est, Past. 347, 25. Ic syngude on heofon, Lk. 15, 21. VI a. referring to heathen mythology :-- Job sceolde bión ðæs heofenes sunu, Bt. 35, 4; F. 162, 7. VI b. in asseveration or oaths :-- Ðæt gé ne swerian þurh heofon, Mt. 5, 34. Ic hæbbe tó gewítnisse heofen and eorðan testes invoco coelum et terram, Deut. 4, 26. VII. a condition of peace or happiness :-- Gif þú ðé ofsceamian wilt ðínes gedwolan, þonne onginne ic þé sóna beran and þé bringe mid mé tó heofonum. Bt. 3, 4; F. 6, 16. Ic gebrenge eáþmódnesse on heofonum, 7, 3; F. 22, 2. Ic wát manegum men ðúhte hé wre tó heofonum áhafen gif hé nigne dl hæfde þára þínra geslða þe ðú nú gét hæfst, II. l ; F. 33, 2:; . VIII. a ceiling :-- Húshefen oððe heofen, hróf (heofenhróf? but cf. lacunar hróf, 55, and for two alternatives after oððe v. e, 70: 36, 5: 47, 13) lacunar. Wrt Voc. ii. 50, 58. Heben, hús[heben] (? hebenhús, MS.) lacunar, 112, 34. v. hús-, úp-heofon; heofone.

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hirde. Add: I. one who has charge of cattle :-- Gátbuccan hyrde copra aegida, Wrt. Voc. i. 22, 78. Án hirde (hierde, S. 5, 12), Ueriatus háten Viriathus, homo pastoralis, Ors. 5, 2; S. 216, 6. Ceápes heorde gregarius. Nar. 18, 26. Swá hiorde (pastor) áscádeþ scep from ticnum, Mt. R. L. 25, 32. Hyrdas (ðá hiordas, R. , dá hiorde, L. pastores) wron nihtwacccan healdende ofer heora heorde, Lk. 2, 8. Hyrdas (hiordas, R., hiorda), 15. Bodan hyrdum cýðdon, Cri. 450. Oxena hierdas bobulcos, Wrt. Voc. ii. 80, 17. II. a keeper, guardian, protector, director of people :-- Búton ic hyrde (custos) ætwere eów, Coll. M. 28, 21. Mec sáwelcund hyrde bihealdeð, Gú. 289. Under háligra hyrda gewealdum, 386. (1) used of a person in authority, one who bears rule :-- Is óþer (St. Peter) cyricean hyrde tó Crístes handa, Bl. H. 171, 7. Se cyning and se biscop sceoldan beon Crístenra folca hyrdas, and hí from eallum unrithwísum áhweorfan, 45, 26. in phrases denoting a king, ruler, head of a house, leader, &c. (a) :-- Ríces hyrde, werodes wísa (Moses), Exod. 256. Wine Scyldinga, ríces hyrde (Hrothgar). Leóf þeóden, ríces hyrde (Beowulf), 3080. Ríces hyrde (cf. ríce geréfa rondburgum weóld, 19), Jul. 66. Bregowearda fela, ríces hyrdas, Gen. 2334. Se wísa and se fæstrda folces hyrde (cf. se wísa and fæstrda Cato, sé wæs eác Rómána lieretoga, Bt. 19; F. 70, 8), Met. 10, 49. Brego Beorhtdena, folces hyrde (Hrothgar), B 610: (Hygelac), 1849: (Beowulf), 2644. Enoch siððan ealdor-dóm áhóf, folces wísa . . . hé hyrde wæs heáfodmága, Gen. 1200. (1 a) applied to the Deity :-- Wæs him hyrde gód heofonríces weard, Dan. 11. in phrases :-- Wuldorcyning . . . ríces hyrde. An. 808. Lífes weard, dugoða hyrde. Gen. 164. þone hean cyning, gásta hyrde, Dan. 199. þeóda hyrde, Az. 150. (2) used of a teacher, guide, pastor :-- Ð á hierdas næfdon andgit, Past. 27, 25. Ðám gasilicum hyrdum, þæt sind láreówas, Hml. Th. i. 36, 10. III. the keeper of a thing, (1) with the idea of possession or control, (a) material :-- Malalehel wæs æfter larede yrfes hyrde . . . Sídðan Mathusal mágum daélde gestreón, Gen. 1067: 1545: 219. Sinces hyrde, 2101. Hringa hyrde, B. 2245. (a ) used of a dragon :-- Wyrm, hordes hyrde, B. 887. Frætwa hyrde, 3 33. (b) non-material :-- Fyrena hyrde, B. 750. Synna hyrdas, Gú. 522. (2) with the idea of protection, caretaking of a place :-- Adam neorxna-wonges níwre gesceafte hyrde and healdend, Gen. 172. Beorges hyrde (the fire-drake), B. 2304. Ic ofslóg húses hyrdas, 1666. (2 a) the subject a thing :-- Ne bið sond wið micelne ren manna ngum húses hyrde, Met. 7, 22. (2 b) non-material :-- þonne se weard (conscience) swefeð, sawele hyrde, B. 1742. , (3) in phrases denoting the Deity :-- Leóhtes hyrde, Az. 121 : Hy. 4, 7. þrymmes hyrde, Jud. 60: Jul. 280: El. 348 : 859. Wuldres hyrde, B. 931. Tungla hyrde, Hy. 4, 9. Lífes waldend, heofona hyrde, Dóm. 86 IV. a keeper of a prison, one on the watch to prevent, a guard, watchman :-- Hié gemétton þæs carcernes duru opene and þá seoton hyrdas deáde licgan, Bl. H. 239, 25: An. 1079. IVa. fig. :-- Wer þú giedda wís, wær wið willan, worda hyrde, Fä. 42. v. cg-, cwén-, heáh-, hríþ-, mþum-, múl-, oxan-hirde.

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hlde. Add :-- Hldur concisius, Wrt. Voc. ii. 22, 29, I. with reference to the voice, with verbs of calling, speaking, laughing, &c. :-- Ne h on hracan wiht hlde ne cleopia non clamabunt in gutture suo, Ps. Th. 134, 19. Hlde cgan, cirman, styrman, Gen. 2908: Jud. 270: 223 : Ps. Th. 129, 6. Hlde hlihhan. Hml. Th. ii. 350, 30: Gen. 73. Hlde reordian, El. 406. On lofsongum waldend hlde hergan, Crä. 93. Clypia gt hlddor (hldor, v. l.), Hml. S. 18, 119. Hldor, Bl. H. 15, 22. II. cf. hld ; III. 1 :-- Hwælmere hlde grimme, RUNCERTAIN. 3, 5. III. cf. hld; III. 2 :-- Dynedan scildas hlde hlummon, Jud. 205. Frætwe mne swga hlde, Rä. 8, 7. Bman sungon hlde, El. 110: Dm. 109. Hlde hearpan stirgan, Cri. 669. IV. cf. hld; III. 3 :-- Bierste hlde heáh hlgecrod, Rä. 4, 62. v. ofer-hlde.

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hú. Add; I. in direct questions. (1) qualifying a verb. (a) in what way?:--Hú mæg þis þus geweorþan?, Bl. H. 7, 21. Hú mæg ic andsware nige findan?, Cri. 183. (a ) with ellipsis of the rest of the sentence, how (would it be) if . . .:--Hú þonne gyf þú ne meaht?, Solil. H. 40, 1: 6: 39, 20. (b) with what reason?:--Hú (quo modo) miht þú secgan þínum bréþer, 'Læt . . . ?,' Lk. 6, 42. Hú (húmeta, W. S.) cweþestú . . .?, Mt. R. L. 7, 4. Hú þearf mannes sunu máran treówe?, Exod. 425. (c) with what meaning?, to what effect?:--Hwæt is gewriten on þre ? hú rtst þú?, Lk. 10, 26. (d) with intensive addition:--Sé ðe eáran worhte, hú sé oferhleóður fre wurde? qui plantavit aurem, non audiet?, Ps. Th. 93, 9. (2) used interjectionally to introduce a question, what?, why?:--Ðú, Capharnaum, hú wið in heofonum ðú ðec áhefes? tu, Capharnaum, numquid usque in caelum exaltaberis?, Mt. L. 11, 23. Hú ! onsuæræstú su ðm biscobi? sic respondis pontifici?, Jn. L. 18, 22. (2 a) mostly with negative questions:--Hú nys seó sáwl sélre þonne mete? nonne anima plus est quam esca?, Mt. 6, 26: Lk. 17, 17. Hú lá ! ne wurpe wé þrý cnihtas intó þám fýre?, Hml. Th. ii. 20, 12. Lá hú ne gewídmrsude? nonne percrebruit?, An. Ox. 2374. Hú ne nú [God] sécð þás? nonne Deus requiret ista?, Ps. Rdr. 43, 22: 38, 8. (3) qualifying adj. or adv.:--Hú fela hláfa (monigo (feola, R.) hláfas, L.) hæbbe gé? quot panes habetis?, Mt. 15, 34. Hú lange beó ic mid eów? hú lange forbere ic eów? quousque ero vobiscum? usque quo patior vos?, Mt. 17, 17. Wilt þú hú lange edwít þolian feóndum? usque quo improperabit inimicus?, Ps. Th. 73, 10. (3 a) with the case of a noun used adverbially:--Hú gerádes (qua mente) mæg se biscep brúcan ðre hirdelican áre?, Past. 133, 3. II. in direct exclamations:--Hú beorht O! preclara, An. Ox. 1266. Hú (hú swíðe, R., L.) beó ic geþreád, Lk. 12, 50. Efne hú glædlic bið and gód swylce ecce quam bonum et quam jucundum, Ps. Th. 132, 1: Bt. 16, 2; F. 52, 3. Hú þr wæs unefen racu unc gemne, Cri. 1460. III. in dependent questions and exclamations, (1) qualifying a verb (a) in dependence on verbs of ordering, telling, asking, hearing, remembering, thinking, knowing, caring, trying:--Ic cýðe and wrítan háte hú mín willa is, C. D. i. 310, 3: 316, 3. Hí rehton him hú (qualiter) hit gedón wæs, Mk. 5, 16. Hwanon hé cymð and hú hé byð and tó hwan hé gewyrð wé ámearkodon, Angl. viii. 312, 47. Se godspellere sde hú Drihten cwæþ tó Petre, Bl. H. 23, 12: 15, 3. Seó cwén ongan fricggan . . . hú on worulde r wítgan sungon be Godes bearne, El. 561. Wurdon hí blíðe syððan hí gehýrdon hú seó hálige spræc, Jud. 160. Geþencað hú hé spræc wið eów recordamini qualiter locutus est uobis, Lk. 24, 6. Úton geþencan hú (hwæt, v. l.) Iacób cwæð, Ll. Th. i. 196, 1: An. 639: 962. Geðóhte huu wæs wére ðiós groeteng cogitabat qualis esset ista salutatio, Lk. L. R. 1, 29. Tó gewitane hú gedón mann hé wæs, Chr. 1086; P. 219, 16. God ána wát hú his gecynde bið, Ph. 356. Men ne cúðon hú áfæstnod wæs feldhúsa mst, Exod. 85. Nú is undyrne hú þá wihte hátne sindon, Rä. 43, 16. Þ-bar; gé ne sorgige . . . hú gé eówic gearwige (quid induamini), Mt. R. 6, 25. Hé cunnode hú hié cweðan woldon, Dan. 531: Jud. 259. On sefan sécan hú . . ., El. 474. Sirwan hú . . ., Sat. 499. (a ) where the verb on which the clause depends is not expressed:--Hú man sceal gyldan twelfhyndes man, Ll. Th. i. 174, 12: 178, 1 (a form like Hér cýð might be supplied). (a ) where the verb on which the clause depends has an object, to which the clause is in apposition:--Árece ús þæt gerýne, hú þú eácnunge onfénge, Cri. 75. Þisses fugles gecynd fela gelíces bi Crístes þegnum beácnað, hú hí beorhtne gefeán healdað, Ph. 389. Wyrd ne cúðe freóndrdenne, hú heó from hogde, Jul. 34. Hú magon wé swá dýgle áhicgan on sefan þínne, hú þé swefnede, Dan. 131. Bið wundra má þonne hit nig mæge áþencan, hú þæt gestun and se storm brecað bráde gesceaft, Cri. 991. Feorh ne bemurndan . . . hú þæs gástes síð æfter swyltcwale geseted wurde, An. 155. ¶ the object a pronoun:--Hycgað his ealle hú gé hí beswícen, Gen. 433. Ne mæg ic þæt gehicgan, hú ic in þm becwóm, Sat. 179. Þæs gíman nele waldend, hú . . ., Cri. 1570. (a ) where the verb on which the clause depends has an object to which the clause is not in apposition:--Englas beweardiað þananforð manna gehwylcne, hú hé gelste . . ., Wlfst. 144, 19. Gewát neósian húses, hú hit Hring Déne gebún hæfdon, B. 116. Wæs þæs wyrmes wíg wíde gesýne . . . hú se gúðsceaða Geáta leóde hýnde, 2318: 2948. (b) in dependence on nouns of meaning akin to the verbs mentioned in (a):--Ðis is seó gerdnyss hú mon ðæt hundred haldan sceal, Ll. Th. i. 258, 2. Tó béhðe, hú hyre æt beaduwe gespeów, Jud. 175. Þá ealdan race, hú þú yfle gehogdes, Cri. 1398. Þæt is fyrn sægen, hú hé weorna feala wítu geþolode, An. 1492. (b ) independence on adjectives:--Wearð mden mycclum hohful hú heó fre wæras wissian sceolde, Hml. S. 2, 122. (2) with weakened meaning, nearly with the force of that, introducing indirect statements. (a) after verbs as in (1 a):--Hig rehton . . . hú hig hine oncneówan on hláfes brice, Lk. 24, 35. Gehérað . . . hú Drihten wolde cuman tó þre stówe þe hé on þrowian wolde, Bl. H. 15, 5. Hí tó rde gerddon . . . hú hí God weorðodon, Ll. Th. i. 350, 7. Geþencan wé hú Drihten cwæð, 'Eádige beóþ þá þe nú wépað', Bl. H. 25, 19. Hé þóhte hú hé him strenglicran stól geworhte, Gen. 273. Fyrd eall geseah hú þr hlifedon hálige seglas, Exod. 89. (a ). Cf. (1 a ):--Hú þá deófla on Brytisc sprcon, Guth. Gr. 135, 1, and often (cf. similar use of þæt v. þæt; V. 2). (a ). Cf. (1 a ):--Gé on lóciað . . . frwundra sum, hú ic sylfa slóh . . . gársecges deóp, Exod. 280. Cýðan godspelles gife, hú se gásta helm . . . ácenned wearð, El. 176. Gé wítgena láre onféngon, hú se líffruma in cildes hád cenned wurde, 335. Ússa yrmða geþenc, hú wé hwearfiað heánlíce, Cri. 371. (b) Cf. (1 b):--Þá angan Thomas his sprce, hú hé cóm tó Cantwarebyri, and hú se ar áxode hýrsumnesse, and hé hit forsóc, Chr. 1070; P. 206, 10. (b ). Cf. (1 b ):--Wæs hé gemyndig, hú hé in yrmðum wunade, An. 163. (3) introducing a noun clause:--Bið þridde tácen, hú (cf. án is . . . þæt, 1239, óðer is . . . þæt, 1244) . . . þæt geslige weorud gesihð þæt fordóne þrowian, Cri. 1248. Nis nig wundor, hú seó unclne gecynd ondréde, 1016. Þæt is wundres dl, hú mec seaxes ord and seó swíðre hond . . . geþýdan, Rä. 61, 12. Hé hæfde him tó gamene . . . hú hé eorðcyningas yrmde, Met. 9, 47: Sat. 196: Exod. 244. (4) qualifying an adj. or adv.:--Gé ne geþenceað . . . hú fela (hú monige, R. quot) wylegena gé námon, Mt. 16, 9. Gemyne hú mycel yfel þé gelamp, Bl. H. 31, 13: 33, 25: Wand. 30. Hú þú æþele eart, Hy. 3, 14: 18. IV. introducing a relative clause. (1) in what way:--Gefada embe lóca hú þú wylle, Hml. S. 3, 285. (v. lóc(a) in Dict.) Ábídan miclan dómes, hú him metod scrífan wille, B. 979. (2) qualifying an adj. or adv., to what extent (in a correlative phrase):--Á hú lenge swíðe, Ps. Srt. 37, 9. (3) with antecedent noun (or pronoun):--Hé geworhte ánes fearres anlícnesse of áre tó ðon, þonne mon þá earman men oninnan dón wolde, hú se hlynn mst wre he made a bull's image of brass in the way, in which the sound would be greatest, when the wretched men were put inside, Ors. 1, 12; S. 54, 25. V. with indef. adj. or adv.:--Ac elcra, elles hú sed secus, i. aliter, An. Ox. 3202. Þú hit ná hú elles begitan ne miht, Bt. 32, 1; F. 114, 8. VI. in phrases:--Gelíc ðám scipe ðe ðá ýða drífað út on s swá hú swá se wind blwð, Hen. 46, 21. Begite hé, swá hú swá hé mæge, septies cxx manna, Ll., Th. ii. 286, 25. v. hú-meta.

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