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Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0533, entry 30
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hare-toga, -toha, an; m. The leader of an army or of a people, a general; dux, consul:-- Heretoga vel heorl dux, Ælfc. Gl. 68; Som. 70, 2; Wrt. Voc. 42, 11. Heretoga comes, Rtl. 193, 9. Of ðé forþg
þ se heretoga seðe recþ mín folc ex te exiet dux, qui reget populum meum, Mt. Kmbl. 2, 6. Consul ðæt wé heretoha hátaþ consul which we call 'heretoha,' Bt. 1; Fox 2, 12: 21; Fox 76, 4. Sum biþ heretoga fyrdwísa from one is a leader, a good guide of the host, Exon. 79b; Th. 297, 31; Crä. 76. Se heretoga Moyses the leader Moses, Homl. Th. i. 92, 25. Moises se m
ra heretoga Moses the great leader. Num. 13, 1: Jud. 1, 1: Swt. A. S. Rdr. 60, 107. Uton ús gesettan heretogan let us make a captain, Num. 14, 4. Heora heretogan twegen gebroðra Hengest and Horsa duces eorum duo fratres Hengest and Horsa, Bd. 1, 15; S. 483, 28. Heora heretogena sum ofslægen wearþ one of their leaders was slain, Chr. 794; Erl. 59, 21. Twelf heretogan hé gestrínþ twelve princes shall he beget, Gen. 17, 20. De heretochiis, L. Ed. C; Th. i. 456, note a. [Laym, here-to
e: O. Sax. heri-togo: Icel. her-togi: O. H. Ger. heri-zoho, -zogo dux, imperator: Ger. herzog.] v. Stubbs' Const. Hist. s. v.
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0533, entry 43
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here-wósa, an; m. One who is fierce in fight, a warrior [?]:-- Here-
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0534, entry 7
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hergere, es; m. One who praises; laudator, Rtl. 124, 17.
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0534, entry 8
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hergian; p. ode; pp. od To harry, pillage, plunder, ravage, waste, devastate, make an incursion or a raid, make war:-- Ða Cwénas hergiaþ hwílum on ða Norþmen ofer ðone mór hwílum ða Norþmen on hý sometimes the Fins made incursions across the mountains on the Norwegians, sometimes the Norwegians on them, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 19, 3. Se here hergade on Peohtas the Danes made raids upon the Picts, Chr. 875; Erl. 78, i. Fór Willelm cyng into France mid fyrde and hergode uppan his agenne hláforde Philippe king William marched with an army into France and made war upon his own lord Philip, 1086; Erl. 220, 25: Homl. Th. ii. 58, 5. Wera hof hergode laid waste the dwellings of men, Cd. 69; Th. 83, 15; Gen. 1380. Ða h
ðenan on Norþhymbrum hergodon the heathens ravaged in Northumbria, Chr. 794; Erl. 59, 20. Hie hergodon ofer Mercna land óþ hie cómon tó Creccageláde they carried on their ravages across Mercia until they came to Cricklade, 905; Erl. 98, 14. Mycel sciphere hider com and hergedon. swíðe be Sefærn a great fleet came to this country and committed great depredations along the Severn, 910; Erl. 101, 7. Gif
nig sciphere on Engla lande hergie if any fleet commit ravages in England, L. Eth. ii. 1; Th. i. 284, 15, 18. S
don ðæt hí woldan him sylfe niman and hergian ð
r hí hit findan mihton protestantur se cuncta insulæ loca vastaturos, Bd. 1, 15; S. 483, 38. Hí sceoldan ealle ætgædere faran and hergian they should go all together and harry. Chr. 1014; Erl. 151, 3. Hé wæs heriende and feohtende fíftig wintra arma foras extulit, cruentamque vilam quinquaginta annis bellis egit, Ors. 1, 2; Swt. 28, 28. [Laym. hær
ien: Chauc. haried, harwed: Icel. herja to harry; herjask á to wage war on one another: O. H. Ger. harion, herion populare, vastare: cf. Ger. verheeren.] DER. ge-, ofer-, on-hergian.
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0535, entry 16
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hid, e; f. A hide of land. The form higed, which occurs Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. ii. 5, 25, seems to shew that the word is connected with híwan, higan, and this etymology is supported by the use familia and hid in the Latin and English versions respectively of Bede's Ecclesiastical History. The original meaning of the word would thus be 'as much land as will support one family.' v. Bd. 1. 25; S. 486, , 19: 2, 9; S. 87, 32 [Latin]: 3, 4; S. 106, 33 [Latin]: 4, 16; S. 584, 14. Further, in the charters, . híwisc [q. v.] is used as equivalent to híd. The Latin words used as equivalent are mansus, mansa, mansio, manens, cassatus, terra tributarii, familia, Cod. Dipl. Kmbl. iii. xxx. See for further discussion of the word Kemble's Saxons in England, i. 4: Stubbs' Const. Hist. s. v: Schmid. A. S. Gesetze, p. 610.
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0535, entry 18
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hider; adv. Hither:-- Hider huc, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 39, 65. Hideror citerius, Som. 41, 3. Sittaþ hér óþ ðæt ic gá hider geond sedete hic donec vadam illuc, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 36. Hider and geond huc illucque, Bd. 5, 12; S. 629, 3. Hider and ðider hac illucque. Past. 9; Swt. 59, 5. Ne mæg hió hider ne ðider sígan ðé swíðor ðe hió symle dyde it cannot decline to one side or the other more than it ever did, Bt. Met. Fox 20, 328; Met. 20, 164. Sume hyder sume ðyder some on one side, some on the other, Elen. Kmbl. 1093; El. 548. [Chauc. Piers P. hider: Wick. hidir: Goth. nidre: Icel. héðra.] v. hidres.
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0535, entry 22
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híd-gild, es; n. A land tax, tax paid on every hide:-- Ðis mycel UNCERTAIN gegolden of ðære cyricean W. cyninge syððan hé ðis land áhte wíðútan ðam hídgelde ðe nán man wiðútan Gode ánum átellan ne mæg this much has been paid from the church [of Worcester] to king William since he owned this country, besides the hide-tax, which no one but God alone can reckon, Chart. Th. 439, 22. [Cf. Chr. 1083; Erl. 217, 33-5, Se cyng lét beódan mycel gyld and hefelíc ofer eall Engla land ðæt wæs ðæt
lcere hýde twá and hundseofenti peanega.]
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0535, entry 45
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hild, e; f. [a poetical word] War, battle; pugna, prælium:-- In the Scandinavian mythology Hildr is the name of one of the Valkyrias, and Grimm considers that the word occurs, denoting a person, in the Anglo-Saxon poetry, e. g. gif mec hild nime. Beo. Th. 909; B. 452: 2967; B. 1481. v. Grmm. D. M. 392 sqq. Hild sweðrode war ceased, Beo. Th. 1807; B. 901: 3180; B. 1585: 3698; B. 1847: Andr. Kmbl. 2840; An. 1422: Elen. Kmbl. 36; El. 18: 298; El. 149. Hyne Hetware hilde gehn
gdon him the Hetwaras conquered in battle, Beo. Th. 5825; B. 2916: 4159; B. 2076: 4586; B. 2298: Exon. 100a; Th. 378, 10; Deór. 14: Menol. Fox 493; Gn. C. 17: Apstls. Kmbl. 41; Ap. 21: Cd. 150; Th. 188, 3; Exod. 162. N
fre hit æt hilde ne swác manna
ngum never had it failed in fight any man, Beo. Th. 2925; B 1460: 3322; 6. 1659: 5143; B. 2575: 5361; B. 2684: Cd. 98; Th. 129, 25; Gen. 2149: Byrht. Th. 133, 24; By. 55: 135, 24; By. 123: 138, 20; By. 223: 140, 14; By. 324: 131, 15; By. 8: Wald. 6; Vald. 1. 4: Andr. Kmbl. 823; An. 412: Salm. Kmbl. 320; Sal. 159: Fins. Th. 75; Fin. 37: Wald. 55; Vald. 1, 30: Exon. 79a; Th. 297, 5; Crä. 63: 104a; Th. 395, 7; Rä. 15, 4: 120a; Th. 461, 17; Hö. 37: Cd. 95; Th. 124, 11; Gen. 2061: 155; Th. 193, 5; Exod. 241: Elen. Kmbl. 63; El. 32: 97; El. 49: 103; El, 52: 129; El. 65. Ongenþeów hæfde Higeláces hilde gefrunen Ongentheow had heard of Higelac's fighting, Beo. Th. 5897; B. 2952: 1299; B. 647: 3984; 3. 1990:
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0536, entry 50
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hild-lata, an; m. One sluggish in war, slow to fight, a coward, Andr. Kmbl. 466; An. 233: Beo. Th. 5684; B. 2846.
Source: Bosworth/Toller, page b0536, entry 51
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hild-stapa, an; m. One who steps to war, a warrior, Andr. Kmbl. 2517; An. . 1260.
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