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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0456, entry 4 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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níðingr, m. [A. S. or Early E. nidering = slander], a nithing, villain, legally the strongest term of abuse (like Germ, ehrloser), for a traitor, a truce-breaker, one who commits a deed of wanton cruelty, a coward, and the like; sækjask sér um líkir, saman níðingar skríða, a saying, Fms. ix. 389; minnsk þess at sá er einu sinni deyr níðingr verðr alldri öðru sinni drengr, N. G. L. ii. 420; þú ert miklu meiri n. en dugandi manni sæmi at eiga þik at mági, Ísl. ii. 377; heit hvers manns níðingr ella, Nj. 176; en þú ver hvers manns n. ef þú þorir eigi, Eg. 351; þeir búðu níðinginn þegja, sögðu hann nú sem fyrr útryggjan, Fms. ix. 52: an apostate (trú-n., Guð-n.), Julianus níðingr = Julian the Apostate, Ver. 48; grið-n. (q. v.) a truce-breaker :-- a niggard, miser, mann-n., mat-n., q. v. COMPDS: níðings-herr, m. a band of traitors, N. G. L, i. 56. níðings-nafn, n. the name (title) of a nithing, Fms. viii. 66, v. l.; bera n., Eg. 492. níðings-orð, n. the name of being a nithing, Fms. viii. 65. níðings-ráð, n. a villanous plot, Sks. 763. níðings-skapr, m. villainy, Greit. 157, Fms. vii. 18, xi. 264. níðings-sunr, m. nithing's son, a term of abuse, Bær. 13. níðings-sök, f. a charge of villainy, Stj. 555, Sks. 764. níðings-verk, n. a dastard's work, villainy, Fms. vii. 296, Eg. 415, Gþl. 133 (of high treason): of the three 'nithing's works' to which the mythical hero Starkad was doomed, see Gautr. S. ch. 7. níðings-víg, n. a 'foul murder,' Fas. i. 331, Fms. xi. 339, Hkr. iii. 425, Eg. 415, Gþl. 133; defined as a law term in N. G. L. i. 66.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0456, entry 36 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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NJÓSN, f. [Ulf. niuhseins = GREEK] , a spying, scouting, looking out; á njósn, Hm. 113, Fms. ix. 32; halda til njósn um e-t, Eg. 72, Eb. 188; hafa njósn af, Nj. 5, Eg. 13; senda mann á njósn, Gísl. 60; göra njósn fyrir sér, Fms. vii. 256; halda njósnum, Eb. 186: plur. scouts, spies, njósnir höfðu verit allt suðr í Naumudal, Eg. 93 :-- news, engi njósn fór fyrir þeim, they came unawares, Fms. i. 19; njósn hafði farit efra um land, Eg. 93; hvárigir höfðu njósn af öðrum, Fms. ix. 365; göra e-m njósn, to send one intelligence, of an impending danger or the like, þá kom til konungs njósn hans, ok höfðu þeir menu sét her Vinda, Ó. H. 240, Eg. 582; ek vil göra þér n. at þeir hafa margar fyrirsátir, Nj. 160; bera njósn, Fb. ii. 52; hann beið þar njósnarinnar. Fms. vii. 256. COMPDS: njósnar-berg, n. a look-out hill, Sturl. iii. 264. njósnar-för, f. a spying journey, Stj. 360, v. l. Njósnar-helgi, a, m. a nickname, Gísl. njósnar-maðr, m. a spy, Eg. 94, Fms. i. 68, Bs. i. 627, Ó. H. 61, passim. njósnar-skip, n., or -skúta, u, f. a spy boat, Nj. 44, Fms. ix. 475.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0456, entry 38 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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NJÓTA, pres. nýt; pret. naut, nauzt, naut, pl. nutu; subj. nyti; imperat. njót: [Ulf. niûtan UNCERTAIN and ga-niutan = GREEK, GREEK, but also = GREEK, Philem. 20; as also nuta = GREEK, GREEK GREEK; it may be that net, nót (= a net) are derived from the same root, and that the primitive sense of this word was to catch, hunt, whence metaph. to use, enjoy; A. S. niotan; O. H. G. niozan; Germ, nützen, geniessen; Dan. nyde.] B. To use, enjoy, with gen.; neyta eðr njóta vættis, Nj. 238, Grág. ii. 79; njóta yndis, Vsp. 63; ættir jóku, aldrs nutu, Rm. 37, Fs. 39; vel keypts litar hefi ek vel notið, Hm. 107; nýtr manngi nás, 70; knáka ek þess njóta, Am. 52; njóta Guðs miskunnar, Hom. 43, O. H. L. 88; skal hann n. draums síns, he shall enjoy his dream undisturbed, Nj. 94; ef hann hefði eigi notið hans ráða ok vizku, Fb. ii. 80; njóti sá er nam, Hm. 165; njóttú ef þú namt, Sdm.; niout kubls! see kuml; njóttú heill handa, blessed be thy hands! an exclamation, Nj. 60, Gísl. 87; svá njóta ek trú minnar, at . . ., upon my faith! upon my word! Edda i. 130. II. to derive benefit from or through the virtue of another person; Sigríðr. kona þin, er þess van at þit njótið hennar bæði nú ok síðarr, Fms. ii. 18; naut hann drottningar at því, v. 348; Egils nauztú at því föður þíns, Ísl. ii. 215; at hann mundi njóta föður sins en gjalda, Gísl. 73; heldr geldr Leifr Þrándar en nýtr frá mér, Fms. ii. 116 (see gjalda II. 2) :-- to get advantage from, nauztú nú þess (it saved thee, helped thee) at ek var eigi við búinn, Nj. 58; vér skulum þess n. at vér erum fleiri, 64; n. liðsmunar, to avail oneself of one's greater strength :-- n. e-s við, to receive help at one's hands; fyrir löngu værir þú af lífi tekinn ef eigi nytir þú vár við, Fb. ii. 130; því at þér nutuð mín við, Ó. H. 136; mun ek yðar þurfa við at n. ef ek fæ rétt af, Nj. 6 :-- n. af e-u, to consume; naut vóru ærin nutum af stórum, Am. 92. 2. impers., þess naut mjök við í Þrándheimi (it availed much) at menn áttu þar mikil forn korn, Ó. H. 102; naut at því mest forellris, Fms. viii. 11: in the phrase, það nýtr sólar, the sun is seen; ekki nýtr þar sólar, there is little sun, Edda 40. III. recipr. to enjoy one another; Þorveig seiddi til þess at þau skyldi eigi njótask mega, Korm. 54; þó höfum vit bæði breytni til þess at vit mættim njótask, Nj. 13; ok þótti fýsiligt at þau nytisk, that they should marry, O. T. 32.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0456, entry 40 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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Njörðr, m., gen. Njarðar, dat. Nirði, [cp. Nerthus, the goddess in Tacit. Germ. ch. 40; a similar worship is in the Northern account, Fms. ii. 73-78, attributed to Njord's son Frey] :-- Njorð, one of the old Northern gods, father of Frey and Freyja; about whom see Vþm. 38, 39, Gm. 16, Ls. 33, 34, Edda passim: Njord was the god of riches and traffic, hence the phrase, auðigr sem Njörðr, wealthy as Njord, a Croesus, Fs. 80. The name remains in Njarðar-vöttr, m. Njord's glove, i. e. a sponge, Matth. xxvii. 48, freq. in mod. usage, and that it was so in olden times is seen from the words, þessa figúru köllum vér Njarðar-vött í skáldskap, this figure (a kind of antonomasia) we call Njord's glove, Skálda 196: in local names, Njarð-vík, in eastern Icel., q. v.; Njarðar-lög and Njarð-ey, in Norway; cp. also njarð-láss, njarð-gjörð. In old Icel. translations of classical legends Njord is taken to represent Saturn, Bret., Clem. S. passim.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0457, entry 20 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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Norðri, a, m. the Northern, one of the dwarfs who support the heaven, Vsp. (Austri, Vestri, Norðri, Suðri, Edda 5).
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0457, entry 59 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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NÓTT, f., gen. nætr, pl. nætr; the old writers mostly spell this word thus (not nátt), agreeably with its mod. sound and form; this, however, is not a real ó, but a remains of the old umlaut ó UNCERTAIN (neótt UNCERTAIN); nom. nótt, Sdm. 26, Hkv. 1. 2, Vþm. 24, 25, Gkv. 2. 12, Skm. 42, Alm. 29, 30, Sks. 50 new Ed.: acc. nótt, Hm. 112; miðja nótt, Grág. (Kb.) i. 36 (four times), 32, 37; þvátt-neótt UNCERTAIN, id.: dat. nótt, Ó. H. 187, Vsp. 6; nóttina, Ó. H. 62, 72, 115, 118 (twice), 187, Íb. 12, Edda 28, 29, 89, Fb. ii. 381: dat. pl. nóttom, Vkv. 6, Hkv. 2. 51; so also in old rhymes, nótt, óttu, Fms. vi. (in a verse): the spelling with á chiefly occurs in Norse MSS. or in writers influenced by the Norwegians, dag ok nátt, Stj. 15, and so rhymed in Skíða R. 194; náttinni, Stj. 15, 16: gen. nætr, passim; náttar only in a few compds: pl. nætr, but næternar (irreg.), Kb. i. 33, 36. In most kindred Teut. languages with á, not ó: [Goth, nahts; A. S. and Engl. night; O. H. G. naht; Germ, nacht; Swed. natt; Lat. noct-is; Gr. GREEK, GREEK.] UNCERTAIN A dat. sing. nóttu is used in mod. poets, e. g. Bs. ii. 479 (in a poem of 1548); eg var að ráða árið um kring það Egill kvað á nóttu, in a ditty of Björn á Skarðsá; and even in acc., þessa nóttu þegar í óttu, það til bar, Hallgr. Pétr; but in old vellums this form is not attested; for the Jd. 39, line 8 (sáttir á einni nóttu), is a mod. conjectural addition, as the vellum (Cd. Reg.) ceases at line 7 of that verse. B. The night; en at miðri nótt, Ó. H. 187, Edda 29; of miðja nótt, id.; nótt ok degi, Sks. 54; nótt með degi, day and night, Gísl. 14; í alla nótt, all night long, Eg. 418; um nóttina, through the night, Fms. vi. 16; þá nótt, that night, Grág. ii. 322; nótt ok dag, night and day; í nótt, to-night, Eg. 283, 416: the last night, 564, Ísl. ii. 156; í alla nátt Skíða R.; um nætr sakir, for one night, Bjarn. 53: in some phrases the plur. only is used, bæði um nætr ok um daga, both by day and by night, Sks. 63 new Ed.: so also, bjóða góðar nætr ! to bid good night, -- Guð gefi þér góðar nætr ! Jóla-nótt, Yule night, Grág. (Kb.) passim; haust-nótt, an autumn night; hý-nott, the bridal night; nótt ina helgu, the holy night = Germ. weih-nachten = Christmas night, Gþl. 295, 297. The years of one's age were counted by the Yule nights, N. G. L. i. 31, 32, see the remarks to Jól :-- sayings, nótt skal nema nýræða til = GREEK GREEK GREEK, Spenser's 'night, they say, gives counsel best,' Hrafnag. 22; það er tjaldað til einnar nætr, a tent raised for one night, i. e. brief and shifty; láta þar nótt sem nemr, see nema; það er ekki öll nótt úti enn. Time was (and still is) counted, not by days, but by nights (as years are by winters); eigi síðarr en nótt sé af þingi, Grág. i. 101; enda skal eigi Leið vera fyrr en fjórtán nætr eru frá alþingi, 122; tveggja nátta Leið, id.; sjau nóttum fyrir sumar, ii. 244; þá er sextán nætr eru liðnar frá þingi, 80; nefna féránsdóm fjórtán nóttum eptir vápna-tak, 81; fám nóttum siðarr, Bs. i. 321; hann var eigi lengr á Leið en þrjár nætr, Fms. ix. 267; níu nóttum síðarr, Edda 23; þrjátigi nóttum síðar, Bs.: hence, mánuðr þritog-náttar, a calendar month, Íb. 7, K. Þ. K., cp. ein-nættr, etc.; an infant is in Iceland said to be so many 'nights' old, tíu nátta gamalt, einnar nætr. So Tacitus tells us that the Germans of his day, nec dierum numerum ut nos sed noctium computant, Germ. ch. 11; it still survives in Engl. 'fort-night:' -- in poetry the winter is called bear's night (bjarnar-nótt, húns-nótt), Edda, Fas. i. (in a verse), Rekst. II. mythical, Nótt, the giantess Night, daughter of Nörfi and the mother of Earth and Day, Edda, Sdm., Vþm. C. COMPDS: I. náttar-: náttar-lega, u, f. night-quarters, Boldt 169. náttar-tal, n. a tale or number of nights, Mar. náttar-tími, a, m. = nætrtími, Stj. 16, 71, Fas. ii. 371. náttar-þel, n., in the phrase, á náttarþeli, at dead of the night, Fms. vii. 57, x. 413, Rd. 284, Orkn. 74, Bs. i. 139, N. G. L. i. 62. II. nætr-: nætr-björg, f. help through the night, Bjarn. 43. nætr-elding, f. the 'eld of night,' i. e. the end of night (see elding), Fms. iv. 263, xi. 241, Hrafn. 20, Stj. 787. nætr-ferðir, f. pl. night wanderings, Fas. iii. 478. nætr-friðr, m. peace, truce during the night, Fbr. 98, v. l. nætr-frost, n. a night frost. nætr-fyllr, f. one night's fill, N. G. L. i. 144. nætr-gagn, n. a chamber-pot. nætr-gali, a, m. [from the Dan. nattergal, Germ, nachtigall], the nightingale, (mod.) nætr-gamall, adj. one nigbt old, Rb. 522. nætr-gestr, m. a night guest, one who stays the night, Gullþ. 30. nætr-gisting, f. the staying a night. nætr-greiði, a, m. a night's entertainment, Fas. i. 94. nætr-greiðing, f. = nætrgreiði, Fas. iii. 209, 219. nætr-kuldi, a, m. night-cold, Stj. 97. nætr-langt, n. adj. night-long. Fas. i. 77. nætr-ligr, adj. nocturnal, Sks. 627. nætr-skemtan, f. night-enjoyment (euphem. = cohabitation), Fas. iii. 210. nætr-staðr, m. = náttstaðr; in the saying, einginn ræðr sínum nætrstað. nætr-tími, a, m. night-time. nætr-vist, f. night-quarters, Fms. i. 69.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0457, entry 64 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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nunnr, m. [nunna], one who strives, a worker, pursuer, GREEK. in the poët, compd hlíf-nunnr = armourer = a warrior, Nj. (in a verse).
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0459, entry 5 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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NYKR, m., gen. nykrs, [a word common to all Teut. languages; A. S. nicor; Engl. nick; Germ. nix; Dan. nök and nisse; mod. Norse nyk; Swed. näcken = a sea goblin; one is tempted to suggest that the Lat. Neptunus (p = g) may be related to this Teutonic word; cp. also Germ. neckisch, neckerei = whims, Dan. nykker] :-- the 'nick,' a fabulous water-goblin, mostly appearing in the shape of a gray water-horse, emerging from lakes, to be recognised by its inverted hoofs, cp. the tale told in Landn. 2. ch. 10, as also Maurer's Volksagen: poët., nykra borg = 'nick-burrow,' a lake, Lex. Poët. The nykr is the Proteus of the Northern tales, and takes many shapes, whence the gramm. term nykrat, part. a kind of kakemphaton, a change in a figure of speech, e. g. to call a sword first a 'serpent' and then a 'wand,' or to choose a verb which does not suit the trope in the noun; sá löstr er vér köllum nykrat eðr finngálknat . . . ok er þar svá skipt líkneskjum á hinum sama hlut, sem nykrinn skiptisk á margar leiðir, Skálda 187; en ef sverð er ormr kallaðr en síðan fiskr eða vöndr eðr annan veg breytt, þat kalla menn nykrat ok þykir þat spilla, Edda 123. In mod. Norse tales a water-goblin is called nykk or nök (nökken), see Ivar Aasen and Mr. Dasent's Transl. of Asbjörnsen and Moe's Norse Tales. The legend exists also in the Highlands of Scotland. In mod. Icel. tales the nykr is also called nennir or kumbr, q. v.; nykr-hestr, vatna-hestr. II. the hippopotamus; nykrar svá stórir sem fílar, Al. 167, 171.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0459, entry 20 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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NÝ, n. [Dan. ny], the 'new' of the moon, whereby the ancients seem to have meant the waxing or even the full moon, for the new moon was called nið, q. v.; and ný and nið (q. v.) are used alliteratively as terms opp. to one another; in the Rb., however, the translator of the Latin originals seems in a few instances to have rendered the Latin novilunium by ný: allit., ný ok nið, Vþm. 25, Edda 7, 96; um ný hit næsta ok niðar, N. G. L. i. 29, see nýlýsi below; með nýi hverju, 732. 1; verða þá misgöng at nýi meiri en áðr, ok þá gengr ný sem hæst, Rb. 478.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0459, entry 50 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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NÝTA,
t,
[njóta],
to
make
use
of;
ek
ætla
at
þú
nýtir
eigi
boga
minn,
thou
canst
not
wield
my
bow,
Fms.
vii.
120:
absol.,
ok
frétti
Þorstein,
hvárt
þá
mætti
svá
nýta,
he
asked
Th.
if
that
would
do,
Ísl.
ii.
207;
skulu
vér
bræðr
búnir
ok
boðnir
til
slíks
sem
þér
vilit
okkr
til
nýta,
Eg.
50;
ekki
nýtir
þú
hér
af,
Edda
32;
eigi
munu
þit
lengr
nýta
hvárt
af
öðru,
enjoy
one
another,
Sturl.
i.
96;
þau
Sigríðr
nýttu
eigi
af
samförum,
lived
unhappily
together,
116;
vóru
þau
í
Reykjaholti
lengstum,
þvíat
ekki
nýtti
af
henni
um
samvistir
ef
þau
vóru
eigi
þar,
ii.
48.
2.
to
eat,
consume;
þat
er
rétt
at
nýta
svín,
K.Þ.K.;
nú
nýtir
hann
sér
nyt
fjár
þess,
Grág.
i.
428;
ef
hann
nýtir
sér
fuglinn,
ii.
346;
nýta
fæzlu,
Anecd.,
N.G.L.
i.
342.
II.
metaph.
to
use,
bear,
endure;
údaunn
svá
mikill
at
menn
þóttusk
varla
mega
nýta
at
sitja
yfir
henni,
Bs.
i.
178;
þóttusk
menninir
eigi
nýta
at
vera
hjá
honum,
Hom.
(St.),
of
Job;
jaxlinn
varð
svá
sárr,
at
hann
þóttisk
eigi
nýta
mega
at
láta
tunguna
við
koma,
Bs.
i.
195;
ú-nýta,
to
destroy,
N.G.L.
i.
342.
III.
reflex.
to
avail;
þetta
má
eigi
nýtask,
Sturl.
i.
148;
en
þetta
eitt
mál
nýttisk
(succeeded)
þat
er
í
dóm
var
lagt,
31.
.
=
nytjask,
to
yield
milk;
ok
er
konur
hafa
mjólkat,
segja
þær
aldrei
jafnílla
nýzk
(nytjask?)
hafa,
Ísl.
ii.
181.
2.
part.
nýtandi.
fit
to
be
used,
Fms.
vi.
422,
Fb.
i.
168:
worthy,
nýtandi
menn
=
nýtir
menn,
xi.
80:
eatable,
N.G.L.
i.
341
:--
part.
pass.,
hafið
þér
enn
framar
nýttar
en
gefnar
vóru,
Fms.
x.
7.
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