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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0336, entry 10 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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kenni-maðr, m. a teacher, but only used of a cleric or priest, opp. to leikmenn (laymen), Rb. 396; biskup ok aðrir kennimenn, Fms. i. 32; þriðja hlut (of the tithe) skyldu hafa kennimenn, Bs. i. 68; ok sagt upp í lögréttu af kennimönnum sumarit eptir, Íb. 17; ganga til skriptar við kennimann, K. Þ. K. 33, Bs. i. (e.g. Arna S.) passim; kennimanns-búningr, -klæði, a priest's dress, 655 xiv, Stj. 110; kennimanna fundr, an œcumenical council, Ann. 485, Mar.; kennimanna setr, skyld, vist, a priest's maintenance, residence, Fms. x. 317, Vm. 5, 108, Stj. passim; kennimanna kór, the choir, Bs. i. kennimanns-dómr, m. priesthood, Anecd. 12, Th. 52, Fms. viii. 9.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0336, entry 15 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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kenning, f. doctrine, teaching, lesson, esp. of preaching, Fms. i. 148; kenna kenningar, to teach, preach, 625. 24, K. Á. 22, Bs. i. 140, N. T., Vídal.; tíðagörð ok k., passim; á-kenning, q.v.; viðr-k., acknowledgment. 2. a mark of recognition, Grett. 132 A; kenningar-orð, words of admonition, Hkr. iii. 23, Fb. iii. 279; kenningar-maðr = kennimaðr, Rb. 366; kenningar-sveinn, an apprentice, N. G. L. ii. 204. II. a poetical periphrasis or descriptive name (see kenna A. V. 2), Edda passim, opp. to ókennd heiti (simple appellatives); a kenning is either simple (kennt), double (tví-kennt), or triple (rekit). The ancient circumlocutions were either drawn from mythology, as to call Thor the son of Earth (Jarðar sunr), and the heaven the skull of Ymir; or from the thing itself (sann-kenning), as to call the breast the mind's abode: similar phraseology is found in all ancient poetry, but in the old northern poets it was carried farther and was more artificial than in other languages. COMPDS: kenningar-faðir, m. a father by name, Joseph var k. Jesu, Hom. (St.) kenningar-nafn, n. a surname, Ld. 52, Nj. 22, Ó. H. 139, Fms. ii. 51, Fbr. 80, Stj. 139, Bs. i. 589, Eluc. 12. kenningar-son, m. a natural son (see kenna A. 111. 1); Freysteinn var fóstri Þorbrands ok k., því at þat var flestra manna sögn at hann væri hans son, en ambátt var móðir hans, Eb. 156, Fms. xi. 162.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0337, entry 44 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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KETILL, m., dat. katli, pl. katlar, [Goth. katils = Mark vii. 4; A. S. cytel; Engl. kettle; O. H. G. kezil; Germ. kessel; Swed. kettel; Dan. kjædel] :-- a kettle, cauldron, Eb. 198; í elda-húsinu var eldr mikill ok katlar yfir, Eg. 238, Bs. i. 342, ii. 135, B. K. 52, Fms. vi. 364, Edda 28; elda undir katli, kljúfa við undir ketil, Fbr. 72 new Ed., Fs. 150; var honum goldinn k. mikill ok góðr, Þorst. Siðu H. 171; búðar-k., Eb. 198; eir-k., Eg.; járn-k., stein-k., an iron, an earthen kettle, Ó. H. 223: in old usage as a general name for every kettle, boiler, cauldron; in mod. usage, esp. of a kettle of a certain shape or of a small kettle, kaffe-k., a coffee kettle; but pottr = cauldron; the same distinction is made in Dipl. v. 4. -- sex katlar, tíu pottar: katla-máls skjóla, a measure, Grág. i. 501: the phrase, e-m fellr allr ketill í eld, one's kettle falls into the fire, of consternation. 2. the earliest northern eccl. law prescribed as an ordeal for a woman to take hot stones out of a boiling kettle, whereas a man had to take up hot iron; ganga til ketils, taka í ketil, Gkv. 3. 7, (the ordeal being called ketil-tak, n.); beri karlmaðr járn en kona taki í ketil, N. G. L. i. 152; karlmaðr skal ganga til arins-járns en kona til ketiltaks, 389; eðr berr hón járn eðr tekr hón í ketil, Grág. i. 381. II. as a pr. name of men, Ketill, Ketil-björn; of women, Katla, Ketil-ríðr: but chiefly used as the latter part in compd names of men, contr. into 'kel,' As-kell, Arn-kell, Grím-kell, Hall-kell, Stein-kell, Úlf-kell, Þór-kell, Vé-kell: of women, Hall-katla, Þór-katla. In poets of the 10th century the old uncontracted form was still used, but the contracted form occurs in verses of the beginning of the 11th century, although the old form still occurs now and then. The freq. use of these names is no doubt derived
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0338, entry 10 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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KIÐ, n., gen. kiðja, Þorf. Karl. l.c.; but better kiði, dat. kiðum, Grág. i. 503; [Engl. and Swed. kid] :-- a kid, Fms. vi. 260, Barl. 53, Mork. 227; geitr með kiðum, Grág. i. 503; kið eðr kálf, Fms. i. 53; kiðja-mjólk, kid's milk, Þorf. Karl. 376; þar lágu kið tvau bundin, Gullþ. 63: in local names, Kið-ey, Kiða-fell, etc., Landn.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0338, entry 14 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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KIKNA, að. [cp. keikr], to sink at the knees through a heavy burden; kikna í knésbótum, Fbr. 159, v.l. (but lyknar, Fb. l.c.); rekr klærnar framan í fangit svá at Ormr kiknar við, Fb. i. 530; ok er hann bar af sér lagit kiknaði hann við, Grett. 3 new Ed.; lá við at hann mundi kikna, Fms. iii. 187.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0339, entry 13 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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KIRKJA, u, f., gen. pl. kirkna; [Scot. kirk; Dan. kirke; Germ. kirche; but Engl. church] :-- a kirk, church; timbr-k., a timber church; stein-k., a stone church; the earliest Scandin. churches were all built of timber, the doors and pillars being ornamented with fine carved work, see Worsaae, Nos. 505-508; in the 12th and following centuries the old timber churches were one by one replaced by stone buildings. In Denmark the last timber church was demolished at the beginning of the 17th century, but in Norway some old churches (called stav-kyrkior) have remained up to the present time, see an interesting essay in Nord. Aarb. 1869, p. 185 sqq. Many passages in the Sagas refer to the building of churches, especially in records of the years following after 1000, see esp. Ld. ch. 74 sqq.; a curious legend, for the purpose of encouraging men to build churches, is told in Eb. ch. 49, -- that a man could grant as many souls a seat in heaven as the church which he built held persons; ok þegar er þingi var lokit (the summer of A.D. 1000) lét Snorri goði göra kirkju at Helgafelli, en aðra Styrr mágr hans undir Hrauni, ok hvatti pat mjök til kirkju-görðar, at þat var fyrirheit kennimanna, at maðr skyldi jafnmörgum eiga heimolt rúm í himinríki, sem standa mætti í kirkju þeirri er hann lét göra, Eb. l.c. For the removal of a church, when all the graves were to be dug up and the bones 'translated' to the new church, see Eb. (fine), Bjarn. 19. For references see the Sagas passim; kirkju atgörð, atbót, uppgörð, church reparation, Vm. 12, 118, N. G. L. i. 345; kirkju brjóst, gólf, dyrr, horn, hurð, láss, lykill, ráf, stigi, stoð, stöpull, sylla, veggr, a church front, floor, door-way, corner, door, lock, key, roof, stair, pillar, steeple, sill, wall, K. Þ. K. 168, 170, 186, Fms. vii. 211, 225, viii. 285, 428, ix. 47, 470, 524, Landn. 50, Pm. 5, Vm. 46, Sturl. i. 169, iii. 221, 228, K. Á. 28, N. G. L. i. 312; kirkju sár, a church font, Jm. 2, 35, Ám. 6; kirkju kápa, ketill, kola, kross, mundlaug, Sturl. i. 191, Vm. 1, 6, 34, 99, 149, Dipl. v. 18; kirkju mark (on sheep), H. E. i. 494, Bs. i. 725: áttungs-k., fjórðungs-k., fylkis-k., héraðs-k., höfuð-k., hægindis-k. (q.v.), þriðjungs-k., veizlu-k., heima-k., etc.: in tales even used in a profane sense, trolla-k., álfa-k., a trolls' and elves' church, place where they worship. 2. eccl. the Church = Ecclesia, very rarely, for Kristni and siðr are the usual words; kirkjan eðr Kristnin, Stj. 44. II. in local names, Kirkju-bær, Kirkju-ból, Kirkju-fjörðr, Kirkju-fell, Landn. and maps of Icel. passim, cp. Kirkby or Kirby in the north of England. COMPDS: kirkju-bann, n. the ban of the church, Bs. i. 749. kirkju-bók, f. = kirkjumáldagi, H. E. ii. 207: mod. a church book. kirkju-ból, n. a church estate, an estate on which a church is built, K. Þ. K. 170. kirkju-bólstaðr, m. id., K. Þ. K. 48, Landn. 50. kirkju-bóndi, a, m. a church-'statesman,' church-franklin, Vm. 116. kirkju-búningr or -búnaðr, m. church hangings, Vm. 156, K. Þ. K. 154, Hom. 97. kirkju-bær, m. = kirkjuból, K. Þ. K. passim, Fms. ix. 351. kirkju-dagr, m. a church-day, anniversary, Germ. kirchweihe, Sturl. i. 35, 106, K. Þ. K. 42, Bs. i. 77, Hom. 97, Pm. 10. kirkjudags-hald, n. a keeping church-days, Hom. 93. kirkju-dróttinn, m. a church lord, church patron, Sturl. iii. 197. kirkju-eign, f. church property, Bs. i. 689, H. E. i. 458. kirkju-embætti, n. a church office, K. Á. 232. kirkju-fé, n. church property, K. Þ. K. 48, Sturl. ii. 4, Bs. i. 748. kirkju-fólk, n. church people. kirkju-frelsi, f. church-freedom, privilege, K. Á. 216, H. E. i. 459. kirkju-friðr, m. church-peace, sanctuary, K. Á. 46, Sturl. i. 30, Fms. ix. 524; kirkju-friðbrot, a breach of church sanctuary, H. E. i. 242. kirkju-fundr, m. an œcumenical council. kirkju-ganga, u, f. church going, Sturl. i. 168: churching after childbirth, H. E. ii. 86. kirkju-garðr, m. a church-yard, K. Þ. K. passim, Eg. 768, Ám. 89, Sks. 95. kirkjugarðs-hlið, n. a church-yard gate, Fms. ix. 517. kirkju-gengt, n. part., an eccl. term; eiga k., to be allowed to go to church, not being under ban, Sturl. ii. 42, K. Þ. K. 26. kirkju-gjöf, f. a donation to a church, K. Þ. K. 166. kirkju-góz, n. church properly, glebes, H. E. i. 529. kirkju-grið, n. pl. = kirkjufriðr, Sks. 770, Fms. ix. 478, Sturl. i. 30, iii. 71. kirkju-græfr, adj. who can be buried at a church, not being under ban, K. Á. 6, N. G. L. i. 4, Gþl. 58. kirkju-görð, f. church-building, Rb. 396, Bs. i. 163, Fms. ix. 236, N. G. L. i. 344. kirkju-helgi, f. church service, Hom. 93, Sturl. i. 29. kirkju-hluti, a, m. a church portion, Bs. i. 748, Am. 222. kirkju-land, n. church-land, glebe, K. Þ. K. 170. kirkju-ligr, adj. ecclesiastic, H. E. i. 501. kirkju-lægr, adj. fit for a church, of timber, Pm. 106: neut., eiga kirkjulægt = to be kirkjugræfr, Grág. ii. 62, K. Þ. K. 34. kirkju-lög, n. pl. church-law, ecclesiastical law, Bs. i. kirkjulög-bók, f. a church-law book, book of the canons, Bs. i. (Laur. S.) kirkju-mál, n. a church cause, church question, K. Á. 216. kirkju-maldagi, a, m. a church deed, written, Vm. 7. kirkju-menn, m. pl. churchmen. kirkjumanna-fundr, m. = kirkjufundr, Mar. kirkju-messa, u, f. = kirkjudagr, Fms. viii. 46. kirkju-náðir, f. pl. = kirkjugrið, Jb. 93. kirkju-prestr, m. a church priest, parson, Grág. i. 73, Vm. 166. kirkju-rán, n. sacrilege, Bs. i. 775. kirkju-reikningr, m. a church account, Vm. 69. kirkju-reki, a, m. jetsum belonging to a church, Jm. 1. kirkju-réttr, m. a church right, Sturl. iii. 267. kirkju-skot, n. the wing of a church, Fms. vi. 302, ix. 492, v.l. kirkju-skraut, n. a church ornament, Am. 7. kirkju-skrúð, n. (-skrúði, a, m.). a church ornament, Vm. 5, 58, 108, Landn. 389 (App.), B. K. 82. kirkju-skyld, f. (-skylda, u, f.), a church claim or right, Dipl. v. 5, 28, Vm. 113. kirkju-smíð, f. = kirkjugörð, 656 A. ii. 14, Bs. i. 81. kirkju-sókn, f. church-worship, attendance at service; at kirkjusóknum eða mannfundum, Grág. i. 419; þeir höfðu k. til Burakirkju, Fms. xi. 159; með rettlæti, k. ok bænum, Hom. 31, 65: mod. a parish, freq., Sks. 94. Fms. x. 66. kirkjusóknar-maðr, m. a parishioner, K. Á. 40, N. G. L. i. 14. kirkjusóknar-þing, n. a parish meeting, Gþl. 389. kirkju-stétt, f. a church pavement, Sturl. iii 221 C. kirkju-stóll, m. a church pew, Sturl. iii. 182, Vm. 5. kirkju-stuldr, m. sacrilege, Hom. 33. kirkju-söngr, m. church music. kirkju-tíund, f. a church tithe, K. Þ. K. 152, K. Á. 98, Pm. 35, Bs. i. 749. kirkju-tjöld, n. pl. church hangings, Vm. 11, Grág. i. 460. kirkju-varðveizla, u, f. church keeping, Bs. i. 129. kirkju-vegr, m. the church path, way to church, D. N. kirkju-viðr, m. church-timber, Landn. 54, Vm. 53, Ld. kirkju-vist, f. a being in church, Bs. i. 902. kirkju-vígsla, u, f. consecration of a church, K. Á. 28, 102, Sturl. i. 121. kirkju-vörðr, m. a churchwarden, 655 xiii. B. kirkju-þjófr, m. a church thief. III. in plur. kirkna-friðr, -góz, -görð, -mál, -sókn, etc. = kirkju-, Fms. ix. 236, 478, K. Á. 216, Bs. i. 689, Ísl. ii. 380.
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0340, entry 50 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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KJÓLL, m., in sense and declension to be distinguished from kjölr, a keel; [A. S. ceôl; North. E. keel = a flat-bottomed boat for carrying coals; O. H. G. cheol, chiel~ :-- -a keel, barge, ship: this word is freq. in old poetry, even in such as Vsp., but in prose it only occurs twice, and in both instances of English ships; whereas in A. S. it is freq. even in pr. and local names, as Ceolmnnd, Chelsea: it was prob. borrowed from the English: a. in poetry; kjóll ferr austan, Vsp.; snefgir kjólar, Hkv. I. 48; kjola-valdi, a keel-wielder, Hy'm. 19; ríða kjól, Rm. 45; kjóla kcyrir, a keelman, Landn. 223 (in a verse); hæls hleypi-kjólar, poët. the leaping keels of the heels = the feet, Fms. vi. (in a verse); arin-kjóll, ' hearth-keel' = a house, Ýt.; Ullar kjóll, the keel of the god Ull = the shield, Rekst. 6: kjól-rennir, m. a keel-runner, sailor, Bs. i. (in a verse1). p. in prose; en hón (the lightning") laust siglu-tré á kjól einum, er flaut fyrir bænurn, einn hlutr af trénu varð at skaða manni er kominn var á kjólinn at kaupa glys, en enga sakaði aðra þá er á kjólnum voru, Fb. ii. 175; sigldu bar at hafi kjúlar tveir er kornnir vóru af Eng- landi ok ætluðu til Dyflinnar, ... þeir Sveinn liigSu at kjolunuin, ... hann hafði tekit af kjólunum vin mikit ok mjoð F^nskan, Orkn. 462, 464 (ch. 116).
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0340, entry 53 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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KJÓSA, pres. kvss; pret. kauss, 2nd pers. kauss þu, Gs. 8; pl. kusu; subj. kysi; part, kosinn: but also as frjósa (q. v.), pret. kjöri (köri, keyri), pl. kuru, kjöru, Fms. vi. 420, subj. kyri or keyri, part, kjörinn, keyrinn: with neg. suff. kjos-at-tu, imperat. (choose not), Hkv. Hjorv. 3: the forms kaus, kusu, kysi, kosinn are very rare in old writers, see the following references, whereas in mod. usage the forms in r are all obsolete: [Ulf. kiûsan = 5ontfj. á^ftv, 2 Cor. viii. 8, Gal. vi. 4; A. S. ceôsan; Engl. c h oos e; O. H. G. kiusan; Germ, kiesen, cp. kjor; Dan. kaare; Swed. kå r a] :-- to choose, elect, with acc. or absol., o. þeim mönnum er hann kjöri til með sér, Bs. i. 84; þaer líf kuru, Vsp. 20; kurum land þaðra, Am. 97; segja honum hvat þeir kuru af, Fms. xi. 67; kuru þeir þat af at ganga til hauda konungi, Hkr. ii. 41; keyri hann þann af er betr gegndi, Fms. i. 202, Bs. i. 37; Sigurðr konungr kjöri (kaus, Mork.) heldr leikinn, Fms. vii. 96; þeir kjöru at færa heldr fé til strandar, Fb. ii. 25; minni slægja en þeir ætluðu er keyru þorvald til eptirrnuls, Glúm. 383; skipta í helminga landi, en Magnus konungr kyri (keyri), Fms. viii. 152; tðr þrjú skip önnur þau sem hann kej'ri or herinum, x. 84; þat kuru allir Birkibeinar, viii. 186; en þeir kjöru frið við Odd, Fas. ii. 190; hann spyrr hvern ek kjöra (subj.) af þeim sem komnir vóru, i. 191; þat kjöra ek (subj., 7 would choose) at verða konungr, ii. 233; ok mi hötu vúr kjörit sem Guð kenndi oss, Fms. vii. 89; nu hafi þér þat kjörit (kosit, Fms. viii. 1. c.) er mer er skapYelldra, Fb. ii. 611; at þeir höfðu keyrit í hans stað;ibóta, Fms. ix. 338; ok var keyrinn (kosinn, v. 1.) í hans stað sira |xjrir, 412, x. 50, 98; her hefir þú keyrit mann til, Ld. 258 C; en þeir kuru hundinn, þvíat þeir þóttusk þá heldr sjálfráði mundu vera, Hkr. i. 136; kuru heldr (chose rather) at drepa hina, Róm. 295; kjöri hann heldr at halda görð jarls en þeir væri nsáttir, Fms. ii. 114; hann keyri heldr at leysa lif sitt, Nj. 114; allir keyru honum at fylgja, 280; þá er kjörit er handsalat er, Grág. i. 198; þetta er keyrit hyggiliga, Ld. 178; er hinn skyldr at hafa kjörit sumardag fyrsta, Grág. ii. 244: in the phrase, hafa kjorna kosti, to have the choice things; var þá dæmt, at Væringjar skyldu hafa kjörna kosti af öllu því er þeir höfðu þrætt um, Fms. vi. 137. |3. þann mann er kosinn er til veganda at lögum, Grág. ii. 41; fkalt þú kjósa KoTtiI veganda at vígi Hjartar, Nj. ioo; margir kjósa tkki orð á sik, people cannot help bow they are spoken of, 142; kjósa sik í annan hrepp, Grág. i. 444; vildi Hallr bæði kjósa ok deila, Ld. 38, (see deila); þe:r er ávíga urðu skyldi kjósa mann til, ... at hafa annan veg kosit, ... ok vildi hann þá heldr hafa annan til kosit, Glúm. 383, 384; hálfan val hón kyss, Gm 8, 14; kjósa hlutvið, Vsp.; kjós þú (imperat.), Hm. 138; kjosa mæðr frá mögum, Fm. 12; ok kusu (kjöru, v. 1.) ina vildustu hesta, Karl. 328; hann kaus heldr brott verpa stundlegum metorðum, Mar.; þrjá
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Source: Cleasby/Vigfusson, page b0342, entry 38 View original page image as: [TIFF] [PNG] [View previous entry] [View next entry] |
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klénn, adj. [for. word; from A. S. clæn; Engl. clean; Germ. klein] :-- snug; klénn koss, Fas. iii. (in a verse of the 15th century); k. sæng, Úlf. 4. 44: little, puny, klén tign, Pass. The word first occurs in the 15th century, but it never took root.
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klifa, að, prop. to climb, but only used metaph. :-- to repeat, to harp on the same thing; bað þá eigi klifa svá ey ok ey, Ísl. ii. 349; klifar þú nakkvat jafnan, mannfýla þín, Nj. 85; kerling klifaði allt sumarit um arfa-sátuna at inn skyldi bera, 194; vér kumpánar lærðum þik eitt vers, ok er þat nú þegar þér svá kært sem þú kunnir engan hlut annan, klifandi þat jafnan æ fram, Mar.; klifar sá margr kvæðin lin, Skáld H. 3. 2. 2. reflex. to wrangle; töluðu menn at sjá maðr væri it mesta fífl, hversu heimsliga hann klifask við konung, Fb. iii. 381.
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