This is page 55 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.

Click here to go to the main page about Cleasby/Vigfusson. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.

This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.

The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

BÄSUNA -- BEINL 55

bási, köttr í búri..., cp. the Engl. in the cow's boose, Bosworth s. v.; has,

bás is an interj. exclam. for driving cows into stall: also used in Icel. of

basins formed in rocks, e. g. at the foot of a waterfall; in local names,

Básar, Básendar, etc.: the phrase, hafa sér markaðan bás, to have one's

course of life marked out, Ísl. Jjjóðs. i. 538; einginn veit sér ætlaðan bás

í örlaganna solli, n o o ne knows what boose is kept for him in the turmoil

of the fates, Grönd. 194; vide bjarnbass.

BÁSUNA, u, f. (for. word), bassoon, Fas. ii. 511.

bát-festr, f. a rope by which a boat is made fast, Jb. 398, 655 xvii.

bát-lauss, adj. and bátleysi, n. being without a boat, Eb. 142, Jb. 399-

bát-maðr, m. a boatman, Hkr. iii. 128, Fms. vi. 320.

BÁTR,, m. [a Scandin. and Low Germ, word used in A. S., Engl.,

Dutch, but alien to O. H. G. and middle H. G.; even Luther (v. Grimm

y. v.) never uses the word; it was later introduced into mod. High Germ.,

but has a foreign sound there, (Engl. t answers to High Germ, z); the

word is in Germ, borrowed from Dutch or English] :-- a boat, either

a small open fishing vessel or a shi p- boat. In Icel. only small boats

are called so, those of two or four oars; an eight-oared boat is a

'ship, ' Eg. 121, 373, Eb. 142, Nj. 122, Jb. 398, Bs. 1. 422, 423: in

phrases, ausa bat sinn, Fms. vii. 331; sjá fyrir báti sínum, to go

one's own course, to mind erne's own business, Sturl. iii. 247: allitera-

tion, eiga bygð í báti, metaph., Bs. i. 422. COMPDS: báts-borð,

n. the s ide of a boat, Sturl. i. 119. báts-farmr, m. a boat's freight,

Ann. 1342.

bát-stafn, m. a boat's prow, Fms. viii. 223.

beð n. c bed in a garden, (mod. and rare, cp. reitr.)

beð-dúkr, m. a bed-covering, Dipl. iii. 4.

beðja, u, f., poet, a wife, bed-fellow, Lex. Poët.

beð-mál, n. pl. a curtain lecture, Hm. 85.

BEÐR, jar, m. pl. ir, [Ulf. badi; Hel. bed; A. S. bedd; Engl. bed;

Germ, belt] , a bed; in Icel. sæng is the common word, beðr poët. and

rare; in the N. T. Kp&fi&a. rov is always rendered by sæng (tak sæng

þína og gakk, Mark ii. 9); beðr is used in alliterative phrases, e. g. beor

eðr blaeja, Jb. 28; í beðjum eðr bólstrum, N. G. L. i. 351; deila beð ok

blíðu, (pi\6rr)Ti KOÍ tiivrj, Od. v. 126; and mostly in the sense of bolster;

saxit nam í beðinum staðar, Ld. 140, Gísl. 114: the sea-shore is poet.

called sævar-beðir (sofa ek né mátta'k sævarbeðjum á, Edda 16 (in a

verse); hvíl-beðr, a resting bed, Akv. 30; rísa upp við beð, to lift the

body against the pillow, Bkv. 2. 23: the conjugal bed, bjóða á beð, Ls.

52; sitja á beð, Gh. 19; ganga á beð e-m, to marry, 14: pl., sofa á

beðjum, Hm. 96, loo: metaph. a swelling sea, lauðr var lagt í beði

(acc. pl.), Fms. vi. 180 (in a verse); cp. skýbólstrar, ' bolster-clouds, '

heavy piles of cloud. COMPDS: beðjar-dýna, u, f. a feather-bed,

Vm. 177. beðjar-ver, n. a bolster case, Dipl. 4.

beð-vina, u, f. = beðja, Lex. Poët.

begla, u, f. [bagr], a bungle; sem b. hjá fögru smíði, hence the name

Rimbegla, Rb. (pref.)

BEIÐA, dd, [cp. A. S. beade; Old Engl. bead-roll, bidding-prayer,

bedes-man; biðja, bað, beðið, Lat. orare, and bíða, beið, beðit, Lat.

expectare.] I. t o as k, beg, with the notion of right; almost

as a law term, to request [but biðja, ora re]; b. e-n e-s, or b. e-m (for

one) e-s; beiða griða Baldri, Edda 36, Gs. verse 2; beiða sér bjarg-

kviðar búa sína fimm, Grág. i. 113, 275; b. sonar bóta, Nj. 21; b. e-s

af e-m, Fms. i. 47: with acc., in the law term, b. lögbeiðing, to m a ke a

lawful request, Grág. (freq.); ef hann vill eigi eið vinna þá er hann er

beiddr (requested) þá verðr hann sekr urn þat tólf mörkurn, þá er hann

beiddr (requested) er hann er beðinn (asked), K. b. K. 146: adding ut,

b. e-s út, to request the payment of a right, etc., Gþl. 375; b. til e-s, t o

request, 656 B. p. reflex., beiðast, to request on one's own behalf; b. laga,

Ld. 76; fars, Grág. i. 90; griða, Fms. viii. 423, x. 172, Nj. 10, 76, Eg.

239, Fms. i. ii: in active sense, Land. 293; beiðast út réttar sins, t o

c l a im as o ne's ri^ ht, Gþl. 187: with infin., Grág. i. 489: with ' at' and a

subj., Fms. i. 12, Grág. i. 7. II. [Dan. bede], as a hunting term,

to hunt, chase; b. björnu, to hwnt bear s: part, beiddr and beiðr,

bunted about, Gísl. 112; hann kvað sveininn hafa verið ilia beiddan, Fs.

69, Mirm. 39: the phrase by Kormak, sá er bindr beiðan (i. e. beiddan)

hiin, seems to mean one who pinions the young hunted bear, viz. as if it

were sheep or cattle, Edda 96 (in a verse), symbolical of the earl Sigurd,

a mighty Nimrod, who surpassed the wild deer in strength and swiftness;

beiðr (= beiddr) for ek heiman at biðja þín Guðrún, Am. 90, seems to

mean hunted by love, amore captus: the verse of Kormak, -- bands man

ek beiða rindî, fascinating, charming woman (1), by whom the poet is

made prisoner in love; cp. the poët. compds beiði-hlökk, beiði-sif,

beiði-rindr, all epithets of women, Lex. Poët., v.

beiðing and beiðning (Mar. Fr.), f. request, demand, El. II: waiting,

Fms. viii. 151 (dub. reading).

beiðni, f. a request, demand, Fms. i. 208; pl., 655 iii. 4; holds b., carnal

lust, Hom. 17, 25 (Lat. petulantia).

beiðsla, u, f. a request, demand, Sturl. iii. 231, Sks. 772. beiðslu-

xnaðr, m. a person asking, Sks. 776, Anecd. 88.

BEIGR or beygr, m. fear; hafa b. af e-m (freq.) :-- beiguðr, m.

a n athlete, one who inspires fear (?), Edda.

BEIMAR, m. pl. [etym. uncertain], poet, men, heroes, the followers

of king Beirni, according to Edda 109; it is more likely that it is a rela-

tion to Engl. bea w, beaming, and means illustrious, Lex. Poët.

BEIN, n. a word common to the Teut. idioms and peculiar to them j

[the Goth, word is not on record, as Luke xxiv. 39 and John xix. 36 are

lost in Ulf.; A. S. ban; Engl. bone; Germ, bein; Swed. -Dan. ben (been).

Sansk., Gr., Lat., and the Slav, languages agree in a totally different

root; Sansk. asihi; Gr. oariov; Lat. os; the Slav, branch all with an

initial c, cp. the Lat. cosia. Vide Grimm (s. v.), who suggests a rela-

tion to Gr. jSeuVu;; but the native Icel. words beinn, rectus, and beina,

promovere, are more likely roots; the original sense might thus be crus,

Gr. er/ceAos, but Lat. os the secondary one] :-- a bone. I. spec.

the le g" from the knee to the foot; freq. in Swed. and Dan., but very

rare and nearly obsolete in Icel., where leggr is the common word;

hosa strengd at beini, Eg. 602, Fms. x. 331; kálfar á beinum fram,

N. G. L. i. 339. II. gener. = Lat. os, a bone, but originally

the bones with marrow (Germ, knocben), as may be inferred from the

passages, pa er mergund ef b. er í sundr til mergjar, þat er mergr er i,

Grág. ii. II, i. 442, Fms. vii. 118, Vápn. 21, Fas. i. 66, Vígl. 20; stór

bein í andliti, with a strongly-marked, high-boned face, Band. 7, whence

stórbeinóttr, q. v.; viðbeina, a collar-bone; höfuðbein, pl. he a d- b on e s,

the scull around the temples and the forehead; er gamlir grisir skyldu

halda mér at höfuðbeinum, Grett. (in a verse); strjúka hó'fuðbeiniu;

málbein, o s loquendi, a small bone in the head; hence the phrase, láta

málbeinið ganga, of one talking incessantly and foolishly: metaph.

in phrases, lata ganga með beini, to deal blows to the very marrow,

deal severely, Ld. 230; hafa bein í hendi (the Danes say, have been

i nœsen), to have a boned hand, i. e. strength and power, Hrafn. 10, Al.

29. 2. pl. relics, remains (ashes); the phrase, bera bein, to repose,

rest, be buried; far þú út til islands, þar mun þér auðit verða beinin at

bera, Grett. 148, Nj. 201; ok iðrast nú að aptr hvarf að bera b. blú við

hrjóstr, Bjarni, 57 :-- of the reli cs of saints, Bs. 468, 469; hence beina-

færsla, u, f. removal of bones (translatio); in the Catholic age, when

churches were removed, the churchyard was dug up and the bones removed

also, vide Eb. (in fine), Bjarn. 19, K. b. K. 40, Eg. (in fine). COMPDS:

beina-vatn, n. water in which relics have been washed, Bs. ii. 173. Fél.

ix. records many medic, terms; beina-griud, f. a skeleton; bein-áta,

u, f. necrosis, caries ossiitm; bein-brot, \\. fractura ossium, Lv. 68, Grág.

ii. 17; bein-kröm, f. rachitis: bein-kveisa, u, f. osteocopus; bein-

sullr, in. sarcostosis; bein-verkir, m. pl. lassitudo febrilis dolorosa

universalis, Gísl. 48, cp. Fél. ix. As a poet, circumlocution, the s to ne is

foldar bein, bone of the earth; sævarbein, bone of the sea, Hit., Edda (Ht.)

19, 23; cp. the Gr. myth of

beina, d. I. to stretch out, to put into motion; b. flug, of birds,

to stretch the wings for flight, Edda 13, Orkn. 28; b. skrið, of a serpent,

Stj. 98; b. raust, to lift up the voice, speak loud, Gísl. 57. II.

metaph. to promote, forward; b. for (ferð) e-s, to help one forwards,

Fms. vi. 63, Grág. i. 343, Bret. 38; b. til með e-m, to lend one help; ek

vii b. til með þér baenum mínum, / will ass i s t thee in my prayers, Bs. i.

472; b. e-u til e-s, to contribute to a thing; þessu vii ek b. til brennu

þinnar, Fb. i. 355; b. at með e-m, to help, assist one; hlauptu her ut,

ok mun ek b. at með þér, Nj. 201; b. at e-u, to lend a hand to, Bjarn.

64; b. fyrir e-m, to entertain, of alms or hospitable treatment (whence

beini); b. fyrir fátækum, Post. 656

bein-brjóta, braut, to bre a kone's bones, Bárð. 167.

bein-brot, n. the fracture of bone, v. above.

bein-fastr, adj., b. sár, a wound to the bone, Stud. ii. 222, 655 xi.

bein-fiskr, m., v. beitfiskr.

bein-gjald, n. a law term, compensation for a lesion of bone, N. G. L.

i. 172.

bein-gróinn, part, healed (of a bone fracture), Fas. ii. 295.

bein-hákall, m. squalus maximus.

bein-hinna, u, f. periosteum.

bein-högg, n. a blow injuring the bone, opp. to svoðu sár, Stud. i. 13.

beini, m. help, but exclusively used of hospitable entertainment, kind

treatment, hospitality; vinna, veita, e-m beina, Eb. 268; þykir yðr eigi

sá b. beztr, at yðr sé borð sett ok gefinu náttverðr ok síðan fari þér

at sofa, Eg. 548; ofgorr er beininn, t oo much trouble taken, too much

attendance, Lv. 38 (Ed. badly 'beinan'); höfðu þar blíðan beina, Fms.

ii. 248, iv. 336; mikit er mi um beina þinn, w hat hospitable treatment I

ísl. ii. 155, Bjarn. 53 -- 55, Fas. i. 79: ganga um beina, to w a it upon

the guests, in old times (as at present in Icel.) an honourable task; in

great banquets the lady or daughter of the house, assisted by servants,

did this office; bórhildr (the daughter) gékk um beina, ok báru þaer

Bergþóra (the mother) mat á borð, Nj. 50, cp. Lv. 1. c., Fms. xi. 52; Hit

(the hospitable giantess) gékk um b., Bárð. 174; þiðrandi (the son of

the house) gékk um beina, Fms. ii. 194; -- but it is added, 'because he

was humble and meek, ' for it was not regarded as fit work for a man; cp.

þá er konur gengu um b. um dagverð, Sturl. i. 132. COMPDS: beina-