This is page 44 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)

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44 ÁNAUÐAROK -- ÁRNA.

COMPDS: ánauðar-ok, n. yoke of oppression, Stj. 168. ánauðar-vist,

f. a life of oppression, bondage, 655 viii. 4.

á-nauðga, að, to oppress, Js. 13, Gþl. 44.

á-nauðigr, adj. oppressed, enslaved, Hkr. i. 40, Grág. ii. 292, N. G. L.

i. 341, Sks. 463.

á-nefna, d, to appoint, name, Jb. 161 B, Fms. i. 199, ix. 330.

á-netjast, að, dep. to be entangled in a net; metaph., á. e-u, Bs. i. 141.

á-neyða, dd, to force, subject, Sks. 621 B.

á-ning, f. [æja, ái-], resting, baiting, Grág. ii. 233.

án-ótt, n. adj. a pun (v. Án 2), a lot of Ans, Fas. ii. 431.

á-nyt, f. ewe's milk, = ærnyt, Landn. 197.

á-nýja, ð or að, to renew, Sturl. iii. 39.

á-nægja, u, f. pleasure, satisfaction, formed as the Germ. vergnügen;

mod. word, not occurring in old writers.

á-nægja, ð, impers., prop. to be enough, and so to content, satisfy; eptir

því sem oss ánægir, Dipl. v. 9: part, ánægðr is now in Icel. used as an

adj. pleased, content.

ÁR, n. [Goth. jêr; A. S. gear; Engl. year; Germ. jabr; the Scandin.

idioms all drop the j, as in ungr, young; cp. also the Gr. GREEK; Lat. hora;

Ulf. renders not only GREEK but also sometimes GREEK and GREEK by

jêr]. I. a year, = Lat. annus, divided into twelve lunar months,

each of 30 days, with four intercalary days, thus making 364 days; as

the year was reckoned about the middle of the 10th century (the original

calculation probably only reckoned 360 days, and made up the difference

by irregular intercalary months). About the year 960 Thorstein Surt

introduced the sumarauki (intercalary week), to be inserted every seventh

year, thus bringing the year up to 365 days. After the introduction of

Christianity (A. D. 1000) the sumarauki was made to harmonize with

the Julian calendar; but from A. D. 1700 with the Gregorian calendar;

v. the words sumarauki, hlaupár, mánuðr, vika, etc., Íb. ch. 4, Rb. 6, Fms.

i. 67; telja árum, to count the time by years, Vsp. 6; í ári, used adverb.,

at present, as yet, Ó. H. 41, 42 (in a verse). II. = Lat. annona,

plenty, abundance, fruitfulness; the phrase, friðr ok ár, Fms. vii. 174,

Hkr. Yngl. ch. 8-12; ár ok fésæla, Hkr. l. c.; þá var ár urn öll lönd, id.;

létu hlaða skip mörg af korni ok annarri gæzku, ok flytja svá ár í Dan-

mörku, Fms. xi. 8, Sks. 323, Fas. i. 526, Hom. 68; gott ár, Eg. 39;

blota til árs, Fms. i. 34. III. the name of the Rune RUNE (a), Skálda

176; in the A. S. and Goth. Runes the j has the name jêr, gêr, according

to the Germ. and Engl. pronunciation of this word; vide p. 2, col. 1.

COMPDS: ára-tal, n. and ára-tala, u, f. number of years; fimtugr at

áratali, Stj. 110, Rb. 484, Mar. 656 A. i. 29; hann (Ari Frodi) hafði

áratal fyrst til þess er Kristni kom á Ísland, en síðan allt til sinna daga,

Hkr. (pref.), seems to mean that Ari in respect of chronology divided his

Íslendingabók into two periods, that before and that after the introduction

of Christianity; Stj. 112 (periode). árs-bót, f. = árbót,

Bs. i. 343, q. v.

ÁR, adv. I. Lat. olim [Ulf. air = GREEK; Engl. yore], used

nearly as a substantive followed by a gen., but only in poetry; in the

phrase, ár var alda, in times of yore, in principio, Vsp. 3, Hkv. 2. 1:

also, ár var þaz (= þat es), the beginning of some of the mythical and

heroical poems, Skv. 3. i, Gkv. 1. 1; cp. árdagar. II. Lat. mane

[A. S. ær; O. H. G. êr; cp. Gr. GREEK, Engl. early, Icel. árla], rare, (the

prolonged form árla is freq.); it, however, still exists in the Icel. common

phrase, með morgunsárinu (spelt and proncd. in a single word),

primo diluculo; elsewhere poet, or in laws, ár of morgin, early of a

morning, Hðm. verse 1, Grág. ii. 280; rísa ár, to rise early, Hm. 58, 59;

ár né um nætr, Hkv. 2. 34, etc.; í ár, adverb. = early, Ísl. ii. (Hænsa

Þór. S.) 161; snemma í ár, Ld. 46, MS., where the Ed. um morgininn

í ár, Fas. i. 503: it also sometimes means for ever, svá at ár Hýmir ekki

mælti, for an age he did not utter a word, remained silent as if stupefied,

Hým. 25, Lex. Poët.; ara þúfu á skaltu ár sitja, Skm. 27; cp. the mod.

phrase, ár ok síð og allan tíð, early and late and always. In compds =

Lat. matutinus.

ÁR, f. [A. S. ár; Engl. oar; Swed. åre], an oar, old form of nom.,

dat., acc. sing. &aolig-acute;r; dat. &aolig-acute;ru or áru, Eb. 60 new Ed., but commonly ár;

pl. árar, Eg. 221, 360, Fms. viii. 189, 417: metaph. in the phrases, koma

eigi ár sinni fyrir borð, to be under restraint, esp. in a bad sense, of one

who cannot run as fast as he likes, Eb. 170; vera á árum e-s = undir ára

burði e-s, v. below; draga árar um e-t, to contend about a thing, the

metaphor taken from a rowing match, Fær. 159; taka djúpt í árinni, to

dip too deep, overdo a thing. COMPDS: ára-burðr, m. the movement

of the oars, in the phrase, vera undir áraburði e-s, to be in one's boat, i. e.

under one's protection, esp. as regards alimentation or support, Hrafn. 30;

ráðast undir áraburð e-s, to become one's client, Ld. 140. ára-gangr,

m. splashing of oars, Fas. ii. 114. ára-lag (árar-), n. the time of

rowing, e. g. seint, fljótt á., a slow, quick, stroke; kunna á., to be able to

handle an oar, Þórð. (Ed. 1860), ch. 4. árar-hlumr, m. the handle

of an oar, Glúm. 395, Sturl. iii. 68. árar-hlutr, m. a piece of an oar,

Glúm. l. c. árar-stubbi, a, m. the stump of an oar, Ísl. ii. 83.

árar-tog, n. a stroke with the oar. árar-tré, n. the wood for making

oars, Pm. 138.

ár-, v. the compds of á, a river.

ár-angr, rs, m. [ár = annona], gener. a year, season, = árferð; also the

produce of the earth brought forth in a year (season), which is at present

in the east of Icel. called ársali, v. árferð; skapaðist árangrinn eptir

spásögu Jóseps, 655 vii. 4; ok at liðnum þeim vetrum tók á. at spillast,

Gþl. 77; mun batna á. sem várar, Þorf. Karl. (A. A.) 111: the mod.

use is only metaph., effect, result; so e. g. arangrs-laust, n. adj. without

effect, to no effect.

á-rás, f. assault, attack, Fms. i. 63, ix. 372.

ár-borinn, v. arfborinn: Egilsson renders GREEK by árborin (in

his transl. of the Odyssey).

ár-bót, f. improvement of the season (ár = annona), Fms. i. 74, Bs. i.

137, Hkr. ii. 103: fem., surname, Landn.

ár-búinn, part, ready early, Sks. 221 B.

ár-býll, adj. dwelling in abundance, plentiful, Fms. v. 314.

ár-dagar, m. pl. [A. S. geardagas], í árdaga, in days of yore, Ls. 25 (poët.)

ár-degis, adv. early in the day, Eg. 2, Grág. i. 143.

á-reið, f. a charge of cavalry, Hkr. iii. 162, Fms. vii. 56: an invasion

of horsemen, x. 413: at present a law term, a visitation or inspection by

sworn franklins as umpires, esp. in matters about boundaries.

á-reitingr, m. [reita, Germ, reizen], inducement, Finnb. 310.

á-reitinn, adj. grasping after, Ld. 318, v. l.: now in Icel. pettish;

and áreitni, f. pettishness.

á-renniligr, adj., in the phrase, eigi á., hard or unpleasant to face.

á-reyðr, f. [á acc. of ær, and reyðr], salmo laevis femina, Fél. i. 13,

Landn. 313.

árétti, n. [and árétta, tt], a thin wedge used to prevent a nail from

getting loose, cp. Ivar Aasen.

ár-ferð, f., mod. árferði, n. season, annona, Fms. i. 51, 86, ix. 51;

árferð mun af taka um alla Danmörk, i. e. there will be famine, xi. 7;

góð á., Stj. 420; engi á., Grett. 137 A.

ár-fljótr, adj. 'oar-fleet,' of a rowing vessel, Fms. vii. 382, Hkr. iii. 94.

ár-gali, a, m. 'the early crying,' i. e. perh. chanticleer, used in the proverb

eldist árgalinn nú, of king Harold, Fms. vi. 251.

ár-galli, a, m. failure of crop, Sks. 321, 323. árgalla-lauss, adj.

free from such failure, fertile, Sks. 322.

ár-gangr, m. a year's course, season, Fms. xi. 441, Thom. 85; margan tíma

í þessum á., 655 xxxii: in mod. usage, a year's volume, of a periodical.

ár-gjarn, adj. eager for a good harvest (poët.), Ýt. 5.

ár-goð, m. god of plenty, the god Frey, Edda 55.

ár-gæzka, u, f. a good season, Thom. 83.

ár-hjálmr, m. an helmet of brass, A. S. âr = eir, Hkm. 3.

á-riða, u, f. a smearing, rubbing, [ríða á], medic., Bs. i. 611.

árla, adv. [qs. árliga], early, Lat. mane, Fms. iii. 217, v. 285, Stj. 208,

Hom. 86:: with gen., árla dags, Fms. x. 218, Pass. 15. 17. β in times

of yore, Sks. 498, 518.

ár-langt, n. adj. and ár-lengis, adv. during the whole year, D. N.

ár-liga, adv. I. [ár, annus], yearly, Fms. ii. 454, x. 183, Vm.

12. II. = árla, early, Hkv. 1. 16. 2. [ár, annona], in the

phrase, fá árliga verðar, to take a hearty meal, Hm. 32; cp. Sighvat, Ó. H.

216, where it seems to mean briskly.

ár-ligr, adj. 1. annual, Thom. 24. 2. in the phrase, árligum

hrósar þú verðinum, thou hast enjoyed a hearty meal, Hbl. 33; the word

is now used in the sense of well fed, well looking.

ár-maðr, m. [árr, nuntius, or ár, annona], a steward, esp. of royal

estates in Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, also of the earls' estates in the

Orkneys. As Icel. had neither earls nor kings, it is very rare, perhaps an

GREEK in Landn. 124 (of the stewards of Geirmund heljarskinn). In

Norway the ármenn of the king were often persons of low birth, and

looked upon with hatred and disrespect by the free noblemen of the

country, cp. e. g. Ó. H. 113, 120 (synonymous with konungs þræll), Eb. ch.

2; the ármenn were a sort of royal policemen and tax gatherers, Fms. xi.

261, Orkn. 444, Eg. 79, 466, Gþl. 12 (where it is different from sýslumaðr);

erkibiskups á., N. G. L. i. 175. COMPD: ármanns-réttr, m. the right

of an á., i. e. the fine to be paid for molesting an ármaðr, N. G. L. i. 70.

ár-mánaðr, m. a year-month, i. e. a month, Stj. 320.

ár-menning, f. [ármaðr], stewardship, the office or the province,

Orkn. 444, Fms. iv. 268; sýslur ok á., Hkr. i. 303.

ár-morgin, adv. [A. S. ærmorgen], early to-morrow, Am. 85.

árna, að, I. [A. S. yrnan, pret. arn, proficisci; cp. Icel. árr,

evrendi, etc.], as a neut. verb, only in poetry and very rare, to go forward;

úrgar brautir á. þú aptr héðan, Fsm. 2, Gg. 7, Fms. iv. 282, vi. 259; hvern

þann er hingað árnar, whoever comes here, Sighvat, Ó. H. 82. II.

[A. S. earnian, to earn; Germ, erndten], act. verb with acc. and

gen.: 1. with acc. to earn, get, Lat. impetrare; hvat þú árnaðir í

Jötunheima, Skm. 40; hon ... spurði, hvat hann árnar, ... what he had

gained, how he had sped (of a wooer), Lv. 33; á. vel, to make a good

bargain, Fms. vi. 345: reflex., þykir vel árnast hafa, they had made a

good bargain, Bret. 40. 2. with gen. of the thing, to intercede for,

pray; á. e-m góðs, to pray for good to one, bless him; á. e-m íls, to

curse one, Fas. iii. 439; lífs, to intercede for one's life, Magn. 532;