This is page 8 of An Icelandic-English Dictionary by Cleasby/Vigfusson (1874)
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8 AFLENDIS -- AFRÆKJA.
hversu afleitt (how disgusting) oss virðist um þeirra háttu, Hks. iii. 435;
hversu afleitir (stupid) oss sýnast þeirra hættir, Fms. vii. 296, l. c.; þeir
fyrirlíta ok halda alla sauðahirða sem afleita, odd, peculiar, Stj. 293;
afleitt eðr eligt, vile, 1 Sam. xv. 9. β. abandoned, the face turned from,
deserted by, with dat.; afleita hamingjunni, luckless, Stj. 421. Ruth i. 12.
af-lendis, adv. = erlendis, abroad, N. G. L. i. 244.
af-lendr, adj. far from land, in open sea, Bs. ii. 47.
af-letja, latti, to dissuade: α. with infin., Bs. i. 39. β. with acc.,
aflatti hann mjök fyrir sér ferðina, Fms. ix. 437. γ. or witn an acc.
of the person and gen. of the thing; a. e-n e-s, v. letja.
af-letta, tt, to cease, Fr.
af-lettr, prompt, ready, v. ofléttr.
afl-fátt, n. adj. short of strength; verða a., to fail in strength, Fms. i.
55. iii. 150.
afl-gróf, f. [afl, m.], hole below the forge, cinder-pit, or a water-pit
wherein to cool the iron (?); cp. Vkv. 22, þiðr. 72.
afl-hella, u, f. hearth-stone in a forge; er hann hafði þau (viz. the
bones) niðrgrafit undir sína aflhellu, þiðr. 95.
afli, a, m. I. means, acquisition, gain, produce, stores, fruits;
afli ok herfang, Fms. ii. 106; hafði þórir einn forráð þess liðs ok svá
afla þess alls er verðr í ferðinni, iv. 297; eignir ... með öllum afla ok
ávexti, increase and interest, K. Á. 54. 2. now used, α. partic.
of fishing stores, fishing, and β. gener. of provisions and stores of any
kind. II. metaph.: 1. might, power; hafa afla til eingis,
have might or means for nothing, be unable to do anything, to be power-
less, Nj. 27. 2. forces, troops, body, Lat. copiae, opes; Ásgrímr
sagði þat mikinn afla, great support, Nj. 210; en þat sýnist mér þó
ráðligast at biðja sér liðs, þvíat þeir draga afla at yðr, they gather forces
against you, 222; munu vér skjótt eiga af honum ván hins mesta
úfriðar ef hann fær nokkurn afla, troops, resources, Fms. i. 188; at herja
á þá feðga með allmikinn afia, strong body, 184; ok er hirð Sverris
konungs sá, at aflinn Magnúss konungs (the main body) flýði allr, viii.
119. COMPDS: afla-brögð, n. pl. [bragð], stores of fish, A. A. 276.
afla-fátt, n. adj. = aflfátt, Fms. iii. 133. afla-fé, n. acquired property,
N. G. L. i. 448. afla-litill, adj. having little power, Finnb. 320 (compar.
aflaminni). afla-maðr, m. powerful, strong, Lv. 12, 109. afla-mikill,
adj. opp. to aflalítill, powerful, strong, Ld.; harðgjörr ok aflamikill, Bs. i.
635; var Sæmundr afiamestr, the strongest in men, Sturl. ii. 44: β.
(= aflmikill), used of physical strength, Stj. Judg. iii. 29; verða menn eigi
ásáttir hvárr sterkari er, en þó ætîa flestir Gísla aflameira (= aflmeira),
GÍsl. 26. afla-munr, m. odds, Sturl.; at etja við aflamuninn, to fight
against odds, Al. 110. afla-skortr, m. shortcoming in power, opp.
to aflamunr, Bs. i. 525. afla-stund, f. fishing season, Bs. ii.
af-lima, adj. ind., verða e-m a., to be cut off, separated from, Post. 95,
Am. 26.
af-lima, að, to 'off-limb,' to dismember, maim, mutilate, Js. 37, Ann. 1342.
af-liman, f. 'off-limbing,' mutilation, Bs. ii. 75.
afl-lauss, adj. weak, strengthless, a medical term, palsied, paralytic,
Bs. i. 351.
afl-leysi, n. palsy, v. Fél. ix.
afl-lítill, adj. weak, Fms. ii. 201, vii. 208.
afl-mikill, adj. of great strength, Sturl. i. 23, Fms. i. 261.
af-lofa, að, to refuse, Fr.
afl-raun, f. trial (proof) of strength; in plur. bodily exercises; Skalla-
grímr hendi mikit gaman at aflraunum ok leikum, Eg. 187; er þat
flestra manna ætlan, at Grettir hafi verit sterkastr hérlandsmanna, síðan
þeir Ormr ok þórálfr lögðu af aflraunir, Grett. 133; þótti þetta mikil a.,
Fms. iii. 210, Finnb. 274: cp. aflsraun.
afl-skortr, m. failing of strength, Fms. ii. 149.
aflugr, adj. strong, v. öflugr.
afl-vani, adj. ind. deficient in strength; verða a., to succumb; taka þeir
fang, ok verðr Gunnarr mjök a., Fms. ii. 75 (in wrestling); enda varð hann
a. fyrir liðs sakir, was overpowered, got the worst of it, Ísl. ii. 172;
Eustachius sá sik aflvani (acc.) í móti þeim, 655 x. p. 2.
afl-vöðvi, a, m. [vöðvi, a muscle], the biceps muscle, Sturl. 51, Ld. 220,
Fas. ii. 344.
af-logliga, adv. = aflaga, unlawfully, D. N. i. 80, Stj, 154.
af-má, ð, to 'mow off,' to blot out, destroy, Fms. ii. 238, Stj. 208, 346.
af-mán, f. [af, má], degradation, shame, v. the following.
af-mána, að, = afmá, to degrade, pollute.
af-mánaðr, part, polluted, defiled, Rb. 332.
af-mynda, að, to deform; dep. afmyndask, to be deformed, Fas. i. 425
(paper MS.); the word is now very freq.
af-mœðing, f. [móðir], right of weaning lambs, by taking them from the
mother; kirkja á lamba a. (perhaps wrongly for afmæðring) í Mölvíkr-
höfða, Vm. 164.
af-nám, n. gener. taking away, removal, Stj. 2 Sam. iv. II. β. esp.
in the phrase, at afnámi, of something reserved, before the division of
spoil, property, or inheritance; now, taka af óskiptu, Dan. forlods,
Grág, i. 330, 336, Jb. 289 (Ed. af námi); konungr skildi hafa úr
hlutskipti þriðjung við liðsmenn, en umfram at afnámi bjórskinn öll ok
safala, Eg. 57. 2. metaph. privation, loss; ok hann verðr at skaða
þeim mönnum nokkrunn, er oss mun þykkja a. í, Eg. 114, Fms. vii.
244. COMPDS: afnáms-fé, n. a law term, share, which is reserved before
the division of property, spoil, inheritance, or the like, Eg. 240, Fms. iv.
28. afnáms-gripr, m. something reserved or set aside, Fms. x. 214.
af-nefja, að, to cut off one's nose, Sir. 35.
af-neita, að and tt, and afníta, tt, now always afneita, að, to deny,
refuse; with dat., hefir afneitað tiltekinni trú, Fms. iii. 166; eigi vil ek
því afneita, refuse, Fs. 11; ek afneitta eigi hans orðsending, Stj. 1 Kings
xx. 7; en er hann afneitti eigi með öllu (refused not), þá báðu þeir hann
því meir, Grett. 146. 2. absol. afnita; en þar es Jökull bróðir
minn laust þik högg, þat skaltú hafa bótalaust, því at þú afníttir þú er
þér vóru boðnar, Fs. 57.
af-neiting, f. denial, renunciation, Th. 17.
af-neyzla, u, f. use, consumption; a. skógarins, Fs. 125, Nj. 78; a. fjár
(pl.), Jb. 404 A, B (Ed. ofnevzlur).
afr, v. áfr, buttermilk.
af-rað, afráð, afroð, and afhroð, n. (Fas. iii. 169), [cp. Swed.
afrad; from roð, rud, fundus, ager(?)]. I. prop, a Norse and
Swedish law term, tribute, ground tax, payable to the king; a. ok landaura,
N. G. L. i. 257, D. N. iii. 408. So also in Vsp. 27, hvárt skyldu æsir
a. gjalda, where it is opp. to gildi, league. II. metaph. loss,
damage, 1. in the phrase, gjalda a., to pay a heavy fine, suffer a great
loss; en þat a. munu vér gjalda, at margir munu eigi kunna frá at segja
hvárir sigrast, there will be so heavy a loss in men, such a havoc in killed,
Nj. 197 (where most MSS. read afroð, some afrað, Ed. afrauð); töluðu
þeir opt um málaferlin, sagði Flosi, at þeir hefði mikit a. goldit þegar,
254 (MSS. afrað, afroð, and afhroð); Lýtingr mun þykjast áðr mikit a.
goldit hafa í láti bræðra sinna, 155 (MSS. afrað, afroð, and afhroð), Fms.
x. 324. 2. in the phrase, göra mikit a., to make a great havoc;
görði hann mikit afhroð í sinni vinn, great slaughter, Fas. iii. 169: cp. Lex.
Poët. 3. advice, Vtkv. 5; the verse is spurious and the meaning
afraðs-kollr, m. cognom., Germ. 'steuerkopf,' cp. nefgildi, Engl. poll-
tax, v. the preceding.
af-reizla, u, f. = afgreizla, outlay, payment, Ám. 13.
af-rek, n. [af- intens.], a deed of prowess, a deed of derring do; margir
lofuðu mjök afrek Egils, ok sigr þann sem hann vann, Fms. xi. 234;
vinna afrek, Fs. 6; ekki a. gerði hann meira í Noregi, Fagrsk. 94; hann
lét ok göra þar í Níðarósi naust bæði mörg, ok svá stór, at afrek var í,
grand, magnificent, Hkr. iii. 268. COMPDS: afreks-gripr, n. a
splendid object, a thing of price, Ld. 144. afreks-maðr, m. a valiant
man; a. at afli ok áræðí, Eg. I; en þat hefi ek spurt, at hirð hans er
skipuð afreksmönnum einurn, heroes, 19, 84; a. um vöxt eðr afl, Ísl. ii.
190. afreks-verk, n. valiant deed, Fær. 51, Al. 30.
af-reka, að, to achieve, perform; munu þér mikit afreka, Lv. 33; hvat
þeir höfðu alrekat, Fas. iii. 221; a. vel, to succeed, Bárð. 175.
af-remma, u, f. [ramr], restriction, encumbrance, obligation; sú er a.
meðr þessum tillögum, at prestr skal vera at heimilishúsi ok syngja
allar heimilistíðir, Ám. 37.
afrendi, f. [afrendr], strength, prowess, valour, Hym. 28.
afrendr, adj. [frequently or almost constantly spelt afreyndr, as if
from 'af-' intens. and 'raun,' of great prowess; but the derivation from
'afr-= afar-' and '-endi or -indi' is better]. I. in the phrase, a. at
afli, very strong, valiant, Fms. ii. 87, Finnb. 254; compar. afrendari, Fms. x.
321, Fs. 33, 48 (where the MS. Vh. spells afreyndr, so also does the Fb. i. 341,
etc.) II. absol. without adding at afli, Lv. 101 (where written
af-réttr, m. and afrétt, f. (now always f.; cp. rótt), [prgbably akin to
reka, viz. afrekt, contr. afrétt], compascuum, common pasture; it is now
prop. used of mountain pastures, whither the cattle (sheep) are driven in
the summer in order to graze during July and August, and again col-
lected and driven down in the autumn (Sept.); in Norway called almen-
ningr. I. masc., thus defined, en þat er afréttr, er ij menn eigu
saman eðr fleiri, hverngi hlut sem hverr þeirra á í, Grág. ii. 303, 330;
í afrétt þann, er, i. 397, ii. 303; afréttu, acc. pl., ii. 301, Jb. 198 A,
K. þ. K. 90, Olk. 37; hálfan afrétt, Vm. 29. II. f. afréttinni (dat.),
Grug. (Kb.) ii. 301, 325 A; gen. afréttar (gender uncert.), 303 A; afréttin,
id., Cod. A; afrétt (dat. f. ?), Ísl. ii. 330, Háv. 39; afrettum, dat. pl. (gen-
der uncert.), Boll. 336. COMPDS: afréttar-dómr, m. court held for
deciding causes concerning common pasture, Grág. ii. 323. afrétta-
menn, m. pl. owners or partners in common pasture, Grág. ii.
af-roð, v. afráð.
af-róg, n. excuse, justification, Str. 71.
af-ruðningr, m. [ryðja], clearing off, defence, repeal, Pr. 425.
af-runi, a, m. [runi, renna], deviation; metaph. sin, trespasses; umbót
ok iðran afruna (gen.), 125. 174; iðrun fyrir görva afruna (acc. pl.), id.;
tárfelling er hann hefir fyrir afruna þá, er verða í þessa heims lífi, id.
184. β. injury, offence, D. N. iii. 367 (Fr.)
afr-yrði, n. = afaryrði, insolent words.
af-ræði, n. [af- intens. and ráð], absolute rule, D. N. ii, 336 several
times (Fr.)
af-rækja, t and ð, to neglect, contemn, H. E. i. 257; reflex, afrækjast, in