This is page 527 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

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HELL-WARE - HENGEN

hell-ware, -wara; pl. The inhabitants of hell :-- Ealle gesceafta heofonwara eorþwara helwara onbúgaþ Criste all creatures, those in heaven, those on earth, those in hell, bow to Christ, Homl. Th. ii. 362, 1: i. 36 26. Ealle hellwara all the inmates of hell, Exon. I21 b; Th. 466, 18; Hö. 123. Wuldorweorudes and helwara of the glorious host and of the dwellers in hell, Exon. 12 a; Th. 18, 20; Cri. 286: 114 a; Th. 437, 12; Rä. 56, 6. v. hell-waru.

hell-waru, e; f. The body of inhabitants in hell :-- On ðam mycelan dóme ðæ-acute;r heofonwaru and eorþwaru and helwaru beóþ ealle gesomnode in magno judicio ubi cælicolæ et terricolæ et inferi omnes congregabuntur, L. Ecg. C. pref; Th. ii. 132, 22: Hy. 7, 95; Grn. ii. 289, 95. Tó ðare helware [or ðara helwara(?)] stíðe pínnesse to the severe torment of the people of hell, Chart. Th. 369, 34. [CF burh-ware, -waru, -wara.]

HELM, es; m. I. a HELM, helmet :-- Leðer helm galea: íren helm cassis, Ælfc. Gl. 51; Som. 66, 13, 14; Wrt. Voc. 35, 3, 4. Helmes camb crista: helmes býge conus, 53; Som. 66, 76, 77; Wrt. Voc. 36, 2, 3. Se hwíta, hearda helm, Beo. Th. 2900, 4502; B. 1448, 2255. II. a crown, the top, overshadowing foliage of trees :-- Helm corona, Wrt. Voc. 64, 39. Mid þyrnenum helme his heáfod be-féngon encircled his head with a crown of thorns, Homl. Th. ii. 252, 26; Mk. Skt. 15, 17. Ful oft unc holt wrugon wudubeáma helm full oft the wood covered us the shady top of the forest trees, Exon. 129 a; Th. 496, 2; Rä. 85, 8. Ðæt se stemn and se helm móte ðý fæstor and ðý leng standon that the stem and top may stand the foster and longer, Bt. 34, 10; Fox 148, 33: Fox 150, 3. Hire hyrdeman sume ás ástáh and his orf læswode mid treowenum helme her herdsman had ascended an oak and was feeding his cattle with its woody crown, Homl. Th. ii. 150, 31. Forðæm se þorn ðære gítsunga ne wyrþ forsearod on ðæm helme gif se wyrttruma ne biþ færcorfen oððe forbærned æt ðæm stemne si enim radix culpæ in ipsa effusione non exuritur, numquam per ramos exuberans avaritiæ spina siccatur, Past. 45, 3; Swt. 341, l0: Runic pm. 18; Kmbl.

342, 31; Hick, Thes. i. 135. III. a covering [in this sense the word is preserved in some dialects. Thus in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire Glossaries, English Dial. Soc. vols. ii. v. vi, helm, a hovel, an open shed for cattle, a shed built on posts] :-- Wæ-acute;ges helm [holm?] the covering made by the wave, the sea, Elen. Kmbl. 459; El. 230. Under lyfte helm under the air's covering, Exon. 102 a; Th. 386, 19; Rä. 4, 64. Helme gedýgled concealed with a covering, 1226; Th. 470, 10; Hy. 11, 33. IV. in poetry the word is applied to persons, thus God and Christ are spoken of as æþelinga, hæleþa, háligra, duguþa, dryhtfolca, engla, grásta, heofona, heofonríces, wuldres helm and helm wera, ælwihta. Similar phrases occur in speaking of earthly rulers, æþelinga, heriga, lidmanna, wedra, weoruda helm and helm Scyldinga, Scylfinga. [Goth. hilms a helmet: O. Sax. helm: Icel. hjálmr: O. H. Ger. helm, galea, cassis: Ger. helm.] DER. bán-, grím-, gúþ-, hæleþ-, heaþu-, heoloþ-, lyft-, mist-, niht-, sceadu-, sund-, wæter-helm.

Helma, an; m. A HELM, rudder :-- Helma clavus, Ælfc. Gl.104; Som. 77, 124; Wrt. Voc. 56, 42. Be ðæm is swíðe sweotol ðætte God ághwæs wealt mid ðæm helman his gódnesse Deus omnia bonitatis clavo gubernare jure credatur, Bt. 35, 4; Fox 160, 14. [Icel. hjálm; f.]

helm-berend, es; m. One who wears a helmet :-- Ne róhte hé helm-berendra he recked not of helmeted warriors, Exon. 120 a; Th. 461, 18; Hö. 37. Gegrétte hwate helmberend he greeted the bold warriors, Beo. Th. 5027; B. 2517: 5277; B. 2642. [O. Sax. helm-berand: and cf. the epithet Hjálm-beri helmbearer, given to Odin.]

helmian; p. ode To cover :-- Niht helmade beorgas steápe night covered the high hills, Andr. Kmbl. 2612; An. 1307.

helmiht; adj. Full of leaves or boughs; frondosus, Cot. 75, 198, Lye. v. helm II.

HELP, e; f: also es; m. HELP, aid,, succour :-- On ðæ-acute;m burgum wæs getácnad ðæt Crist is eáðmódegra help probans se esse conservatorem humilium, Ors. 3, 2; Swt. 100, 25. Ðæ-acute;r is help gearu æt mæ-acute;rum manna gehwylcum there is help ready at the hand of the mighty one for every man, Andr. Kmbl. 1814; An. 909. Gionn helpe præsta subsidium, Rtl. 71, 37. Ða ðe hine helpe biddaþ who ask him for help, Ps. Th. 118, 2: Andr. Kmbl. 2061; An. 1033. Gehýr helpys bénan exaudi me, Ps. Th. l01. 2. Uton helpan as ðam raðost ðe helpes betst behófaþ let us ever help him first who has most need of help, L. C. S. 69; Th. i. 412, 3. Helpes bedæ-acute;led deprived of help, MS. Cott. Nero A. i. fol. 73. Helpes biddende asking for help: sumes helpes biddende asking for some help, Lchdm. iii. 365, col. 2. Hwá him tó hæ-acute;le and tó helpe on ðás world ástág who came down to this world as their salvation and help, Blickl. Homl. 105, 32. Ðám burgwarum com mára fultum tó útan tó helpe more aid came from without to the citizens to help them, Chr. 921; Erl. 107, 19. Rúmlícum helpe benigno favore, Rtl. 17, 35. Þurh ða gebedu gé mágon on swíðe mycelan hylpe beón ge libbendum ge forþfarenum by prayers you may be of very great help both to the living and the departed, L. E, I. 3; Th. ii. 404, 18: 21; Th. ii. 414, 36. Næ-acute;nige helpe ðam byrnendan húse gedón mihton nil ardenti domui prodesse valentes, Bd. 3, 10; S. 534, 34. Ðá næ-acute;nig him æ-acute;nige helpe findan mihte cum nil salutis furenti superesse videretur, 3, 11; S. 536, 25. Helpe úserne adjulorium nostrum, Rtl. 172, 23. Ðæ-acute;r mé wið láþum lícsyrce mín helpe gefremede there against the foes my coat of mail afforded me help, Beo. Th. 1107; B. 550. Gehýr mé and mé help freme exaudi me, Ps. Th. 68, 17: Cd. 184; Th. 230, 20; Dan. 236. Dæ-acute;leþ help and hæ-acute;lo hæleþa bearnum distributes help and salvation to the children of men, 226; Th. 301, 15; Sat, 586 [O. Sax. helpa; f: O. Frs. helfe; f: Icel. hjálp; f: O. H. Ger. helfa; f. auxilium, adjutorium, subsidium, solatium: Ger. hülfe.] v. helpe.

helpan; p. healp, pl. hulpon; pp. holpen; v. trans. followed by gen. or dat. To help, aid, assist, succour :-- Ðú monegum helpst thou helpest many, Hy. 7, 44; Hy. Grn. ii. 288, 44. Wið fefre hylpþ marubis tó drincanne for fever it helps to drink marrubium, L. M. 1, 62; Lchdm. ii. 134, 27. Hé helpeþ þearfan parcet pauperi, Ps. Th. 71, 13. Ðonne helpe gé wel ðám ðe gé læ-acute;raþ gif hí eówre lárum fyligean willaþ then do ye well help those whom ye teach, if they will follow your teaching, L. I. P. 21; Th. ii. 332, 21. Hé nyle helpan ðæs folces mid ðam ðe God his healp ex muneribus quæ perceperit prodesse aliis non curat, Past. 5, 2; Swt. 45, 5. Ðonne ðu hulpe mín when thou didst help me, Ps. Th. 70, 20. Ða steortas hulpan ealle ðæs heáfdes all the tails helped the head, Shrn. 162, 16: Exon. 27 b; Th. 83, 10; Cri. 1354. Help mín help me, Ps. Th. 60, 1. God úre helpe. Amen may God help us. Amen, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 112, 225. Wé on ðisum lífe mágon helpan ðám forþfarenum ðe on wítnunge beóþ we in this life may help the departed that are being punished, Homl. Th. ii. 356, 11. Wé sceolon earmra manna helpan we ought to help poor people, 442, 14. Helpa fovere, Rtl. 122, 37. [Chauc. Piers. P. p. halp, help, pl. holpen; pp. holpen: the pp. holpen occurs in the authorized version of the Bible: Goth. hilpan: O. Sax. helpan: O. Frs. helpa: Icel. hjálpa: O. H. Ger. helfan: Ger. helfen.] DER. á-, ge-helpan.

helpe, an, f. Help :-- Gif ðás fultumas ne sýn helpe if these remedies are no help, L. M. 2, 48; Lchdm. ii. 262, 15. [Or should this be placed under help?] Hé him helpan ne mæg æ-acute;nige gefremman he can give him no help, Beo. Th. 4888; B. 2448.

helpend, es; m. A helper :-- Helpend adjutor, Rtl. 45, 18. Ealles middangeardes hæ-acute;lend and ealra sáula helpend the saviour of all the earth and the helper of all souls, Blickl. Homl. 105, 190. Helpend and hæ-acute;lend wið hellsceaðum a helper and saviour against the harmers of hell, Exon. 68 a; Th. 252, 2; Jul. 157. Helpend ne halo ic I have no helper, Jn. Skt. Lind. 5, 7. Syððan hé ne hæbbe helpend æ-acute;nne quia non est qui eripiat eum, Ps. Th. 70, l0. Helpendra leás without helpers, Exon. 28 b; Th. 86, 27; Cri. 1414.

helpend-bæ-acute;re; adj. Helpful, assistant; opifer, Cot. 148, Lye.

helpend-líc; adj. Auxiliary.

hél-spure, an; f. A heel :-- Unrehtwísnis hélspuran [hellspuran, Ps. Spl. 48, 5] mínre iniquitas calcanei mei, Ps. Stev. 48, 6. Hélspuran [hellspuran, Ps. Spl. 55, 6] míne calcaneum meum, 55, 7.

helto; f. Haltness, lameness :-- Áfyrr ðú dríhten from ðære stówe blindnesse and helto and dumbnesse remove O Lord from the place blindness and lameness and dumbness, Shrn. 101, 35.

helur-bledu, e; f. The scale of a balance; lanx, Cot. 26, Lye. v. bledu.

hem; m. A hem, border :-- Hem limbus, Ælfc. Gl. 28; Som. 61, 7; Wrt. Voc. 26, 6. [Laym. þane hem: Prompt. Parv. hemme fimbria, limbus.] Cf. ham an enclosure.

hemlíc, hymlíc, es; m: hymlíce, an; f. Hemlock :-- Hemlíc cicuta, Ælfc. Gl. 43; Som. 64, 47; Wrt. Voc. 31, 57. Hemlíc hátte wyrt a plant called hemlock, L. M. I, 77; Lchdm. ii. 150, 15. Wyrc hie of hemlíc make the salve of hemlock, 58; Lchdm. ii. 128, 7. Nim hemlíc take hemlock, 31; Lchdm. ii. 74, 6. Wyll nyoðerweardne hymlíc boil the lower part of hemlock, Lchdm. iii. 50, 17. Hymlíce cicuta, p. 331,

col. 1. Dó tó hymlícan put hemlock to it, L. M. 1, 1; Lchdm. ii. 18, 27.

hemming, es; m. A kind of shoe; pero, Cot. 155, Lye.

hen. v. hæn.

hénan. v. hýnan.

-hende. v. an-, án-, ge-, of-, on-, spær-hende.

henge-clif, es; n. A steep, precipitous cliff; præruptum, Ælfc. Gl. 101; Som. 77, 38; Wrt. Voc. 55, 43.

hengen, e; f. I. hanging :-- Eode and hí sylfe áheng ... Se deóful hí tó hire ágenre hengene gelæ-acute;rde she went and hung herself ... The devil persuaded her to her own hanging [to hang herself], Homl. Th, ii. 30, 24. Hét hine hón and mid hengen þráwan tó langere hwíle bade hang him and for a long time torture him with hanging, 308, 31. II. that on which any one is hung, a gibbet, gallows, cross :-- Crist ðone ðe hí on hengene fæstnodon Christ whom they fastened on a cross, Homl. Th. ii. 256, 22: 308, 30. Laurentius ástreht on ðære hengen þancode his Drihtne ... Hé hét álýsan ðone diácon of ðære hengene Lawrence stretched on the cross thanked his Lord ... He ordered the deacon to be released from the cross, i. 426, 32, 35. III. prison, confinement, durance. Schmid, p. 609, suggests a connection between this meaning and that given under I. in the following remark: 'Die grammatische Bedeutung des Wortes fürht darauf, dass ursprünglich darunter das Anhängen an einen Block oder das Einspannen in den Stock, als die Art der Sicherung eines Gefangenen, der man sich bediente, wenn Gefängnisse fehlten, verstanden worden sei.' Accordingly he translates the following passage, L. Alf. pol. 35; Th. i. 84, 4 :-- Gif hé hine on hengenne [MS. B. hengene] álecgge 'wenn er ihn in den Stock legt,' which Thorpe renders if he lay him in prison. In the latter sense it is found L. C. S. 35; Th. i. 396, 27 :-- Gif freóndleás man swá geswenced weorþe ðæt hé borh næbbe ðonne gebúge hé hengenne [MS. B. hengene] and ðæ-acute;r gebíde óþ ðæt hé gá tó Godes ordále if a friendless man be so distressed that he have no surety, then let him submit to prison, and there abide, until he go to God's ordeal. Cf. L. H. 65, 5; Th. i. 568, 14, ponatur in hengen. [Cf. O. Sax. hie (Krist) welda thesa werold alla mid is henginnia alósian, Hel. Heyne 5435: thuo sprak theró maunó óðer (the penitent thief) an thero benginna thár hie geheftid stuod, 5591.]