This is page 140 of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth and Toller (1898)

This online edition was created by the Germanic Lexicon Project.

Click here to go to the main page about Bosworth/Toller. (You can download the entire dictionary from that page.)
Click here to volunteer to correct a page of this dictionary.
Click here to search the dictionary.

This page was generated on 30 Mar 2019. The individual pages are regenerated once a week to reflect the previous week's worth of corrections, which are performed and uploaded by volunteers.

The copyright on this dictionary is expired. You are welcome to copy the data below, post it on other web sites, create derived works, or use the data in any other way you please. As a courtesy, please credit the Germanic Lexicon Project.

140 BYRHT -- BYRÐEN-MÆ-acute;LUM.

byrht bright, clear, lucid, loud; clarus, splendidus, clarisonus, Beo. Th. 2402; B. 1199: Cd. 217; Th. 275, 15; Sat. 172. v. beorht.

byrhtan to shine; lucere, Exon. 24a; Th. 67, 18; Cri. 1090. v.

beorhtan.

byrhtm, es; m. Noise, tumult; fragor, tumultus, Apstls. Kmbl. 42; Ap. 21. v. breahtm.

byrhtm-hwýl a moment. v. bearhtm-hwíl.

byrht-nes brightness, Ps. Spl. 118, 130. v. beorht-nes.

byrhtu, e; f. Brightness, splendour, Exon. 26a; Th. 76, 15; Cri. 1240. v. beorhtu.

byrht-word; adj. [byrht = beorht bright, word a word] Bright of word, clear in words or speech; clarus voce :-- Byrhtword arás engla ordfruma the creator of angels, bright of words, arose, Cd. 218; Th. 279, 15; Sat. 238.

byri = byrig to a city. v. byri-weard.

byrian; p. ede, ide; pp. ed To bury: :-- Ðæ-acute;r hí mon byride where they buried her, Ors. 3, 6; Bos. 58, 9. DER. be-byrian. v. byrgan.

býrian, 3rd s. býreþ; p. ede; pp. ed [býre an event, a favourable time, an opportunity] To happen, pertain to, belong to; evenire, contingere, pertinere ad [v. ge-býrian]: found as v. impers: it pertains to, it concerns, it belongs to, it is lawful; pertinet ad, oportet, licet :-- Ne býreþ to him from scipum non pertinet ad eum de ovibus, Jn. Lind. War. 10, 13: Mk. Lind. War. 4, 38. Ðe ne býrede him to etanne quem non licebat ei edere, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 12, 4. DER. ge-býrian.

byrian to taste; gustare. v. a-býrian under a-býrgan.

byrig to a city, Ps. Th. 44, 13: 47, 11; dat. of burh.

byrig, e; f: acc. s. byrig, byrige A city; urbs, civitas :-- Hér Cúþa gefeaht wið Brytwalas æt Biedcan forda, and genam Lygeanbyrig and Ægles byrig in this year Cutha fought against the Brito-Welsh at Bedford, and took Lenbury and Aylesbury, Chr. 571; Th. 33, 28. Cantwara byrig forbarn ðý geáre Canterbury was burnt down in this year, 754; Th. 81, 36, col. 2. v. burh.

byrig, es; n. A mulberry-tree; morus :-- He ofslóh byrig heora on hagule occidit moros eorum in pruina, Ps. Spl. 77, 52: L. M. 2, 53; Lchdm. ii. 274, 17.

byriga, an; m. A surety; fidejussor :-- He him byrigan gesealdne hæbbe he has given him surety, L. H. E. 10; Th. i. 30, 17. v. byrgea.

byrigan, birigan; p. de; pp. ed To bury; sepelire :-- Alýf me æ-acute;rest byrigan mínne fæder permitte mihi primum sepelire patrem meum, Lk. Bos. 9, 59 : 9, 60: Chr. 1036; Th. 294, 21: Hy. 10, 29; Hy. Grn. ii. 293, 29: Nicod. 21; Thw. 10, 30: 21; Thw. 11. 4. DER. be-byrigan. v. byrian, byrgan.

býrigan; p. de To taste; gustare :-- Deáþ he ðæ-acute;r býrigde he there tested death, Rood Kmbl. 199; Kr. 101. Ðæt he hire sealde ðæt wæter to býrigenne ut gustandam illi daret eam aquam. Bd. 5, 4; S. 617, 21. DER. on-býrigan. v. býrian, býrgan.

byrig-berge, an; f. A mulberry; morum :-- Byrigbergena seáw selle drincan give him to drink juice of mulberries, L. M. 2, 30; Lchdm. ii. 230, 12.

byrigea a surety, L. H. E. 8; Th. i. 30, 12. v. byrgea.

byrigean to bury. v. byrgan, be-byrigean.

býrigean to taste, v. on-býrigean, býrgan.

byrigen, byrigenn, e; f. [beorg tumulus] A burying-place, a sepulchre, tomb, burying; sepulcrum, monumentum, tumba, sepultura, Bd. 4, 19; S. 588, 37: 3, 8; S. 532, 15, 17: 3, 11; S. 535, 32: 1, 33; S. 499, 7. v. byrgen.

byrigen-stów, e; f. A burying-place :-- He sylfa byrigenstówe worhte sibi ipse in locum sepulcri fecerat, Bd. 5, 23; S. 645, 19. v. byrgen-stðw.

byrig-leóþ, es; n. An epitaph; epitaphium. Bd. 2, l, Lye. v. byrgen-leóþ.

byrig-man, -mann, es; m. [byrig a city, man a man] A city officer; ædilis, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 28, MS. D; Som. 11, 29. v. burh-man.

byrignes, -ness, -nyss, e; f. A burying, burial; sepultura. Bd. 4, 11; S. 580, 8. DER. be-byrignys.

býrignes, bírgnes, -ness, e; f. A tasting, a taste; gustus :-- Mid býrignesse ðæs wæteres by the tasting of the water, Bd. 5, 18; S. 635, 29. Bírgness gustus, Cot. 97. DER. an-býrignys. v. býrgan.

Byríne, es; m. Birinus, the first bishop of Wessex, Chr. 649; Th. 50, 3, col. 2, 3; 51, 2, col. 1. v. Bir&i-long;nus.

byris, e; f? A graving-iron, file; scalprum, scalpellum :-- Byris scalprum, Glos. Epnl. Reed. 162, 36: scalpellum, 162, 51. [O. H. Ger. bursa, f.]

byri-weard, es; m. [byrig, dat. of burh a city, weard a guard] A city-guardian; urbis custos, ædilis, Wrt. Voc. 18, 54. v. burh-weard.

BYRLE, byrele, es; m. A cup-bearer, butler; pocillator, calicum magister, pincerna :-- Byrle pincerna, Ælfc. Gl. 113; Som. 80, l; Wrt. Voc. 60, 37: 74, 16. Egipta cynges byrle pincerna regis Ægypti, Gen. 40, 1. Byrele pincerna. Wrt. Voc. 290, 51. Þurh byreles hond through the cup-bearer's hand, Exon. 88a; Th. 330, 15; Vy. 51. Byrlas ne gæ-acute;ldon the cup-bearers delayed not, Andr. Kmbl. 3065 ; An. 1535. Geleornedon his byrelas him betweonum his cup-bearers planned among themselves, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 69, 10: Beo. Th. 2327; B. 1161. Geþohte he ðæra byrla ealdor recordatus est magistri pincernarum, Gen. 40, 20, 21, 23. Yldest byrla a caliculis, magister calicum, Ælfc. Gl. 113; Som. 79, 130; Wrt. Voc. 60, 34. Ðara ððer bewiste his byrlas, óðer his bæcestran alter pincernis præerat, alter pistoribus, Gen. 40, 2. [Laym, birle, borle: Orm. birrless, pl: Icel. byrli, byrlari , m.]

byrlian, byrelian; p. ade; pp. ad [byrle, byrele a cup-bearer] To pour out, give to drink, serve; propinare :-- Ic him byrlade wróht of wége I poured out complaint to them from the cup, Exon. 72b; Th. 271, 23; Jul. 486. Feónd byrlade ðære idese bittor bæ-acute;dewég the fiend gave the woman the bitter cup to drink, 47a; Th. 161, 8; Gú. 955. Ðone bitran drync Eue Adame byrelade Eve served to Adam the bitter drink, 45b; Th. 154, 13; Gú. 842.

byrman; p. de; pp. ed [beorma barm] To ferment with barm, to leaven; fermentare. DER. ge-byrman.

byrnan; part, byrnende; he byrneþ. I. v. intrans. To burn, to be on fire; ardere :-- Sín eówer leóhtfatu byrnende sint vestræ lucernæ ardentes, Lk. Bos. 12, 35: Deut. 9, 15. Ðonne bymeþ gramen his cum exarserit ira ejus, Ps. Spl. 2, 13: Bd. 5, 3; S. 616, 36. II. v. trans. To burn; urere, comburere :-- Swá fýr wudu byrneþ sicut ignis comburit sylvas, Ps. Th. 82, 10. V. beornan.

BYRNE, an; f. A corslet, coat of mail; lorica, thorax :-- Mót he gesellan monnan and byrnan and sweord he may give a man a corslet and a sword, L. In. 54; Th. i. 138, 1. Ðæ-acute;r wæs on eorle brogden byrne there was on the man the twisted coat of mail, Elen. Kmbl. 513; El. 257. Ætbær hringde byrnan he bore away the ringed coat of mail, Beo. Th. 5224; B. 2615. Ongan wyrcan síde byrnan he began to make a large coat of mail, Salm. Kmbl. 906; Sal. 453: Judth. 12; Thw. 26, 15; Jud. 328. [Laym. burne, brunie: Ger. brünne, f: M. H. Ger. brïüuje, brünne, f: O. H. Ger. brunja, brunna, f: Goth. brunyo, f: Dan. brynie, m. f: Swed. Icel. brynja, f: O. Slav, brunija.] DER. gúþ-byrne, heaðo-, heaðu-, here-, íren-, ísern-.

byrne, es; m. A burning; incendium :-- Æ-acute;r ðam ðe ðæt mynster mid byrne fornumen wæ-acute;re priusquam monasterium esset incendio consumptum, Bd. 4, 25; S. 599, 18. v. bryne.

byrue, an; f. Running water, a stream; torrens, rivus :-- Ofer byrnan bðsm over the stream's bosom, Exon. 102a; Th. 386, 15; Rä. 4, 62. v. burne.

byrnendra more burning, Bd. 5, 3; S. 616, 36. v. byrnan.

byrn-hom, es; m. [byrne a coat of mail, hom a covering, garment] A coat of mail; lorica :-- Beraþ bord fór breóstum and byrnhomas bear shields before your breasts and coats of mail, Judth. 11; Thw. 24, 17; Jud. 192.

byru-wíga, an; m. A soldier clothed in armour; loricatus miles :-- Se byrnwíga búgan sceolde the mailed warrior must submit, Beo. Th. 5828; B. 2918: Exon. 77b; Th. 292, 5; Wand. 94. Byrnwígena brego the chief of mailed soldiers, Judth. 9; Thw. 21, 28; Jud. 39.

byrn-wígende, -wiggende; part. Clothed in armour, mailed; loricatus :-- Swá hire weoruda helm byrnwiggendra beboden hæfde as the prince of the mailed armies had commanded her, Elen. Kmbl. 447; El. 224. Gehlódon byrnwígendum werum wæ-acute;ghengestas they loaded the ships with men covered with armour, Elen. Kmbl. 470; El. 235.

byrn-wíggend, es; m. A soldier clothed in armour, a mailed warrior; loricatus miles vel bellator :-- Bealde byrnwíggende bold warriors, Judth. 9; Thw. 21, 13; Jud. 17.

byrst, es; n. A bristle; seta :-- Byrst seta, Wrt. Voc. 286, 57: Glos. Epnl. Recd. 162, 49. Hyre twigu beóþ swylce swínene [MS. swinen] byrst its twigs are like swine bristles, Herb. 52, 2; Lchdm. i. 156, 3. [Frs. boarstel, m. f: Dut. borstel, m: Ger. borste, f: O. H. Ger. burst, n; bursti, pursta, f: Dan. bórste, m. f: Swed, borst, m: Icel. burst, f.]

byrst bursts, breaks, fails; 3rd pers. pres. of berstan.

byrst, he byrþ bearest, he bears, produces; facit, Mt. Bos. 7, 17; 2nd and 3rd pers. pres. of beran.

byrst, berst, es; m. A loss, defect; damnum, calamitas :-- Gylde ðone byrst, ðe ðæt fýr ontende reddet damnum, qui ignem succenderit, Ex. 22, 6, 12: Ps. Th. 108, 18. We habbaþ fela byrsta gebiden multas calamitates sumus perpessi, Lupi Serm. i. 2; Hick. Thes. ii. 99, 21.

byrþ a birth. v. beorþ, byrþ-ling.

BYRÐBN, berðen, byrðyn; gen. byrðenne; f. A BURTHEN, load, weight, bundle; onus, sarcina, fascis :-- Hefig byrðen onus grave, Ps. Th. 37, 4. Sorh biþ swæ-acute;rost byrðen sorrow is the heaviest burthen, Salm. Kmbl. 623; Sal. 311. Seám oððe byrðen onus, Ælfc. Gr. 9, 32; Som. 12, 14. Byrðen fascis, 9, 28; Som. 11, 44: Mt. Lind. Stv. 13, 30. [O. Sax. burðinnia, f: O. Frs. berthe, berde, f: Ger. M. H. Ger. bürde, f: O. H. Ger. burdi, f: Goth. baurþei, f: Dan. byrde, f; Swed. börda, f: -Icel, byrðr, byrðI, f.] DER. mægen-byrðen, sorg-, syn-.

byrðene dæ-acute;l, es; m. A share of a burthen, a portion; portio, Ps. Spl. 49, 19.

byrðen-mæ-acute;lum; adv. [byrðen, mæ-acute;lum, dat. pl. of mæ-acute;l, n.] By burdens; oneribus :-- Se déma hæ-acute;t his englas gadrian ðone coccel byrðen-