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bad to pass, of ice, crags, or the like :-- the phrase, eiga heiman-gengt, to be able to go from home, i.e. to have leisure, Fbr. 17 new Ed.; eg á ekki heiman-gengt, ílla heiman-gengt, etc. :-- of money, good, D. N.
genja, u, f. [gana], an GREEK: poët. an axe, Edda (Gl.): the name of a ship, Branda-genja, Sturl. ii. 166: the nickname of a woman, id.
GENTA, u, f. a girl; a special Norse word not used in Icel. and not found in old writers earlier than the 14th or 15th century, unless 'getta' in the verse in Hálfs S. be the same or kindred word; hvað líðr nú grautnum, genta, Fas. iii. 382, 389, 393 (Eg. Einh. S.), is the only passage where it is used in Icel. writers. In many languages the equivalents are curious, Engl. girl, Swed. flicka, Norse genta (proncd. yenta, vide Asbjörnsen's Tales), Icel. stúlka, Dan. pige, -- all words that baffle etymologers. The Germans seem to have no such word, as mädchen and mädel are plain enough. The Lapps have ganda = a girl, which may be the origin of genta.
gepill, m. a little ill-shaped spoon, spón-gepill; akin to geifla.
GER, n. [Dan. gjær], yeast, vide gör.
ger-, in compds, vide gör-, görsemi, etc.
GERA, ð, to do, vide göra.
gerð, gerningr, etc., vide görð, görningr, doing.
GERÐ (and görð less correctly), f. yeast, ferment; ok kom þó ekki gerð í mungát, Bs. i. 339; þá kom þegar görþ í keren gnóg ok góð, id.; þat öl brásk alldregi þá er gerðar beiddi, 394; ok lét í kerinu sem þá er gerð væri í, Mirm. β. medic., í-gerð, suppuration in a wound, (mod.)
GERÐ, f., used to rhyme with e (verðung -- gerðar), Fms. vi. 448 :-- gear, harness, and in pl. esp. armour; sú gerð (fashion) var mönnum mjök tíð, iv. 110; klæði með slíkri gerð, sem ..., Al. 121 :-- armour, vápn ok allar gerðar, Skáld H. R. 5. 43; gerðar hans er hann hafði, feld ok spjót, Glúm. 344; Hárs gerðar, war-gear, Fms. l.c.; gerðar várar, our armour, Hkm. 33. II. girth; digrask í gerðum, to become stout in the waist, euphon. of a woman, to be with child; Icel. now say, hón er farin að þykkna undir belti.
gerða, ð, [garðr], to gird with a fence, hedge, Lex. Poët.
GERÐI, n. [cp. garðr], a place girded round, a hedged or fenced field, garth; hann ferr til gerðisins ok sár niðr korninu, Nj. 170; ok snúa upp í gerði þat er heitir á Örlygsstöðum, sauða-hús stóð í gerðinu, Sturl. ii. 218; Finnbogi kvaðsk eiga gerði eitt, bað hann þangat fara ok leggja þar garð um, Finnb. 336: a pinfold, láta srnala sinn í gerði, Gþl. 406: akr-gerði, a field. COMPDS: gerðis-beiti, n. the 'bite' or pasture in a garth, Gþl. 406. gerðis-tún, n. a garden, Matth. xxvi. 36. gerðis-vöndr, m. fence-faggots, Gþl. 379.
gerðing, f. a girding, fencing, N. G. L. i. 41, Fb. ii. 7.
Gerðr, f. a pr. name of a goddess, Edda; also of a woman, Eb., Landn.; and in many compds, Ás-gerðr, Hall-g., Ingi-g., Val-g., Þor-g., etc., Landn.
geri, a, m. [gerr], 'ravener,' the mythol. wolf of Odin, Gm., Edda.
ger-járn, n. a gridiron, Fas. iii. 240, an GREEK.
gerp-ligr, gerpi-legr, m. [garpr], martial, Nj. 72, Fb. ii. 204; g. ráð, good circumstances, Þorst. Síðu H. 178.
GERR, adj. [akin to gjarn, q.v.], greedy; eigi ofdrykkju-maðr né ákafliga gerr, 686 B. 2, 1 Tim. iii. 8: gluttonous, opp. to neyzlu-grannr, freq. in mod. usage.
gerr, adj. = perfect, vide görr, göra.
gersemi, vide görsemi.
GERSTA or gesta, t, [A. S. gæstan], to annoy; g. hug e-s, to tease one, Greg. 64, Pr. 442, 623. 54; vér skulum g. hug hans, eigi sem þeir gerstu forðum á eyðimörkinni er Moysi fylgdu, Mart. 132: this word is quite obsolete, and chiefly used in old translations of legends. II. part. gerstr, [Germ. garstig = hideous; O. H. G. garst = sour, harsh; cp. Engl. ghastly, agast], sour, dismal; gerstan dag, Skm. 30, Rm. 9 :-- sulky, hann leit gerstr við mér, he looked sulkily on me, Sighvat, Ó. H. 81 (Ann. for Nord. Oldk. 1866, p. 196).
gervi, n. gear, vide görvi.
Gerzkr, adj. from Gardar, Nj. 46, Fms. passim. II. = Girkskr, Greek, Al. 26, 40.
gest-beinliga, adv. hospitably, Vápn. 23.
gest-erfð, f. inheritance after a stranger (guest) who dies in one's house, N. G. L. i. 51.
gest-feðri and gest-feðrungr, m. a law term, defined in N. G. L. i. 209, ch. 5; a man who dies leaving no heirs and whose property lapses partly to the king and partly to the owner or landlord of the house in which he dies (or to the captain if he dies on board ship), N. G. L. i. 208, 209, Js. 74.
gest-félagi, a, m. a guest-friend, rendering of Gr. GREEK.
gest-gjafi, a, m. a host; góðr g., a good host, Gísl. 47.
gest-kominn, part. come as a guest, a stranger, Stj. 152: a guest, Matth. xxv. 38.
gest-kvæmt, n. adj. much visited by strangers.
GESTR, m., gen. gests; pl. gestir, acc. gesti; [Ulf. gasts = GREEK; A. S. gest; Engl. guest; Germ. gast; Dan. gjæst; Swed. gäst; Lat. hostis]: I. a guest; the original meaning of this word is a stranger, alien, cp. Lat. hostis. β. the Guests, one division of the king's men; the Guests were a kind of policemen, and had not the full privileges of the king's guardsmen or hirðmenn, although they were in the king's pay; they had their own seats in the king's hall, the guests' bench, gesta-bekkr, m., Fb. i. 347; their own chief, gesta-höfðingi, a, m., Nj. 7, Hkr. ii. 69, Fms. vii. 35; their own banner, gesta-merki, n., Fms. ix. 489; their own meeting, gesta-stefna, u, f., Fms. viii. 250; they formed a separate body, gesta-sveit, f., Fas. i. 318; skulu þar fylgja hirðmenn ok gestir, Ó. H. 204, in the battle at Stiklastað: a guests' hall, gesta-skáli, a, m., is mentioned in Eg. 28, Fas. ii. 93: a ship, gesta-skip (gesta-fley), n., Fms. viii. 139; cp. the Sagas passim, esp. the Konunga Sögur, Fms. x. 147, Hkr. passim, but esp. N. G. L. in the section Hirðs-skrá, or the law (rules) for the king's men, and Sks. 257 sqq. As the gestir were lower in rank than the hirðmenn, a recruit had often to serve his apprenticeship among them, e.g. var hann í gestasæti, he was seated among the guests, i.e. was held in small repute, Fas. i. 51. II. a stranger, guest, Lat. hospes, but keeping the old notion of a stranger, prop. an accidental guest, chance comer, and is distinguished from boðs-maðr, an invited guest, or the like; hence the allit. phrase, gestr ok gangandi, a guest and ganger, since with the ancients the poor had to go from house to house (cp. gangleri); this is to be borne in mind, if one would understand old sayings such as, Guð elr gesti, God feeds guests, Bs. i. 247; or many passages in the old heathen poem Hávamál, e.g. órir gestr við gest, guest quarrels with guest, Hm. 31; gestr at gest hæðinn, guest mocking guest, 30, which reminds one of Hom. Od. xviii. 1-33; gest þú né geyja né á grind hrekir (scoff not at a guest, nor drive him to the door), get þú váluðum vel, Hm. 136, where gestr (a guest) and válaðr (a vagrant) are used synonymously; ganga skal, skala gestr vera æ í einum stað, 34. In olden times there were no public hostelries, and all entertainment was (as it still is in Icel.) private bounty; a fine instance of a munificent hostess of the heathen age is recorded in Landn., -- Geirríðr sparði ekki mat við menn, ok lét göra skála sinn of þjóðbraut þvera, hón sat á stóli ok laðaði úti gesti, en borð stóð inni jafnan ok matr á, 2. 13. After the introduction of Christianity, when churches were built and endowments given, the donors often imposed the duty of 'feeding guest and ganger for a night' (ala gest ok ganganda), Dipl. i. 169, 174; or, þar er ekki gesta eldi skylt (it is not required to feed guests), ala hvern at ósekju er vill, 200; ala þurfa-menn ok þá er fara skylda-erinda, 201, cp. 273 passim :-- gener. a visitor, guest: gesta-eldi, n. shelter for guests, D. I. (vide above): gesta-fluga, u, f. a guest-fly, a moth, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 558: gesta-herbergi, n. a 'guest-harbour,' hostel, inn, Gr. GREEK, Luke ii. 7: gesta-hús, n. a guest-room, Sturl. i. 216, ii. 191: gesta-koma, u, f., gesta-nauð, n. a coming, crowding of guests: gesta-maðr, m. a guest-man (bishops had a special servant so called), Bs. i. 850, 876: gesta-rúm, n. a guest-bed: gesta-skáli, a, m. a guest-chamber, Hom. 36: gesta-spjót, n. pl., a cat is said to raise the 'guest-spears' when it lies on its back and cleans itself with its hind legs, which is a token that a stranger is at hand, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 558. III. as pr. names, Landn., freq.; also in compds, Þor-gestr, Heim-gestr, Goð-gestr, Hleva-gastir on the Golden horn (Bugge's reading), and Gr. GREEK, GREEK. Gestr is a name of Odin = the Traveller, Edda, Vþm., Gm., Hervar. S. ch. 15 (Gestum-blindi). It is curious to notice that whereas with the Romans hostis came to mean a foe, with the Teutons (as with the Gr. GREEK) the equivalent word became a term of friendship, used of a friend staying at one's house.
gest-risinn, adj. hospitable, Greg. 32, Bs. i. 101, 1 Tim. iii. 2, Tit. i. 8, 1 Pet. iv. 9, passim.
gest-risni, f. hospitality, 655 v. 2, Bs. i. 81, 830, Rom. xii. 13, Heb. xiii. 2, passim.
gest-vænliga, adv. hospitably, Vápn. 23, (prob. a false reading.)
GETA, pret. gat, 2nd pers. gazt, pl. gátu; pres. get; pret. subj. gætí; sup. getið, but getað in the mod. sense of could; part. getinn; reflex. pres. and pret. getsk or gezk, gatsk or gazk, mod. gezst and gazst; with the neg. suff. gátu-ð, Korm. 224, Sighvat; gat-at, Lex. Poët.
WITH ACC.
A. [Ulf. begitan = GREEK; A. S. getan; Engl. get; O. H. G. gezan] :-- to get; this use of the word, which is so common in Engl., is dying out in Icel.; it is found in the old poems, esp. in the old Hm.; it is used in law phrases, but is rare in common prose, even in the oldest Sagas; geta þögn, to get silence, a hearing, Höfuðl. 3, Hm. 8; geta orðstír, to get fame; en orðstír deyr aldrigi hveim sér góðan getr, 75; orðstír of gat, Eirekr at þat, Höfuðl.; ey getr kvikr kú, Hm. 69; sjaldan liggjandi úlfr lær um getr, né sofandi maðr sigr, 57; ef hann sylg um getr, 17; né þat máttu ... geta hvergi, they could nowhere get it, Hým. 4; gambantein at geta, gambantein ek gat, Skm. 34; hvar gaztú vára aura, Vkv. 12; geta gjaforð, to marry, Alm. 6: geta sér, to get for oneself; hættr er heimis-kviðr nema sér góðan geti, Sdm. 25; sá er sæll er sér um getr lof ok líknstafi, Hm. 8; er sér getr slíkan sefa, Hkm. 19; góðs um æðis, ef sér geta mætti, if he could get it, Hm. 4; geta gjöld, laun e-s, 64, 124, Gm. 3; geta gott af e-m, to get good of one, Hm. 43, 44 :-- in law, nema hann getí þann kvið, at ..., unless he can get that verdict, that ..., Grág. i. 17; goðinn seksk ef