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jury is of Scandinavian origin, and first appears in English law along with the Normans after the Conquest; but this does not preclude an earlier usage in the Scandinavian parts of England. In the old Danish law they were called 'nævnd,' in Sweden 'nämd;' cp. esp. Nj. ch. 142 sqq. and Grág. Þ. Þ. and Vígslóði. The classical reference for this institution, Grág. i. 167, Kb. ch. 85, is quoted p. 58 s.v. bera B. I. 1. COMPDS: búa-kviðburðr, m. = búakviðr, Grág., Nj. búa-kviðr, m. a verdict of neighbours, opp. to tylptarkviðr, q.v., Nj., Grág. búa-kvöð, f. a summoning of neighbours, Grág. ii. 52. búa-virðing, f. a fixing compensation by verdict of neighbours, Grág. ii. 343. III. a pr. name of a man, Jómsv. S.; mod. Dan. 'Boye' or 'Boy,' hence the mod. Icel. Bogi, Feðga-æfi, 27.
búi-griðungr, m. a neighbour's bull, Vápn. 46.
búi-maðr, m. a neighbour-man, Sturl. i. 82 C, 167.
bú-jörð, f. a farm, estate.
bú-karl, m. = búandkarl, Fms. v. 186, vi. 139.
bú-kot, n. a cottage, Hkr. iii. 131.
BÚKR, m. [Hel. bûc = alveus; Germ. bauch], the trunk, body, Eg. 289; esp. the trunk without the head, Nj. 123, Fms. i. 218, Bs. i. 625.
bú-lag, n. joint housekeeping, Sturl. i. 64, 75.
bú-land, n. [Hel. bûland = arvum], home land, Grág. ii. 315, 324, Jb. 51.
bú-lauss, adj. having no 'bú,' opp. to búandi, D. N. ii. 14, Jb. 12.
bú-leiga, u, f. rent of a 'bú,' H. E. i. 394.
BÚLKI, a, m., in mod. spelling bunki, heap [cp. a ship's bunks]; this form occurs in the Hrokkinsk., a MS. of the 15th century, vide the references below; [cp. Engl. bulk, in the naut. phrase, to break bulk or begin to land a cargo] :-- the cargo or freight of a ship; the allit. phrase, binda bulka, to bind bulk, shut the hold, just when the ship is bound for sea, and leysa b., to break bulk, when in harbour; fyrir framan or aptan búlka, the b. was, namely, in the middle of the ship, Fms. vi. 108, 378, 381, N. G. L. i. 340, 371, Eb. 196, Grág. i. 209, Nj. 134, Fms. ix. 145, 468, Bs. i. 422, Fbr. 53. COMPDS: búlka-brún, f. the edge of the b. as it stood out of the ship, Jb. 398, 407, Fbr. 62 new Ed., where a sailor kept the look out, Sturl. iii. 106. búlka-stokkar, m. pl. the bulwark fencing the búlki in the middle of the ship, Edda (Gl.) In mod. usage, búlkast, að, to be bulky; búlka-legr, adj. bulky.
bú-maðr, m. a husbandman; góðr, mikill b., a good householder, skilled husbandman, Band. 8, Finnb. 334.
bú-missa, u, f. loss in stock, Gþl. 389.
búnaðr, m., gen. ar, [búa.] I. household, housekeeping, Bs. i. 76; reisa búnað -- reisa bú, Sturl. iii. 106; færa b. sinn -- fara búferli, to move one's household, Jb. 288; búnaðar-maðr = búmaðr, O. H. L. 30; Búnaðar-bálkr, the name of the section in the code of law Jb. answering to the Landbrigða þáttr of the Grág., treating of household matters; and in mod. times the name of the very famous poem (of Eggert Olafsson), the Icel. 'Georgics' (marked Bb. in this Dict.) II. dress, equipment, = búningr, Skálda 181, Fms. iv. 75, xi. 331; but esp. with the notion of ornaments in gold, silver, tapestry, Nj. 131, Eg. 701 (of a shield); altaris dúkr glitaðr með búnaði, Am. 95. β. baggage, luggage, Bjarn. 19. γ a getting 'boun' (ready) for sea; in the naut. term, halda á búnaði sínum, Fms. ii. 254.
búnask, að, dep., in the phrase, e-m b. vel, illa, one has good, bad, luck in his business as bóndi.
bú-nautn, f., in the phrase, til b., for household use, Vm. 96, D. I. i. 419.
búningr, m. [búa], dress, clothing, attire; hvers dags b., every day dress, K. Þ. K. 140; opp. to spari b., Sunday dress; karlmanns b., a man's dress; kvennmanns b., a woman's dress, etc., Nj. 190. β. equipment, of a ship; reiði ok b., Fms. v. 103: the dressing and arrangement of a table, Bjarn. 27. γ. ornaments, laces, Nj. 48, v.l. COMPDS: búnings-bót, f. dress-improvement, a piece of new or smart attire, Ld. 208, Fas. ii. 329. búnings-lauss, adj. without ornament, Pm. 65. búnings-munr, m. difference in apparel, Sturl. ii. 94.
bú-nyt, f. the milk of sheep and cattle, on a farm also more usually called málnyt or málnyta, Jb. 375, Hkr. i. 110.
bú-prestr, m. a curate-farmer, Vm. 59.
BÚR, n. [Hel. bûr = habitaculum; A. S. bûr; Engl. bower; Scot. and North. E. byre; Germ. bauer], a word common to all Teut. idioms, and in the most of them denoting a chamber; this sense only occurs a few times in some of the old poems, esp. the Völs. kviður, and even only as an allit. phrase, Brynhildr í búri, Og. 18; björt í búri, Gkv. 2. 1: in prose now and then in translations of foreign romances, El. 22. 2. in Icel. only in the sense of larder, pantry (the North. E. and Scot. byre = cow-stall); this sense is very old, and occurs in Hallfred, Fs. 89, where búri (not brúði) is the right reading, as the rhyme shews--'stæri' ek brag, fyrir 'búri;' skellr nú lass fyrir búrin þeirra Reykdælanna, Bs. i. 512. 601, Ld. 242; defined, búr þat er konur hafa matreiðu í, Grág. i. 459. β. a house where stores are kept = úti-búr, Nj. 74; now called skemma. In Icel. a game, in which children try to force open one's closed hand, is called að fara í búr e-s, to get into one's larder.
bú-rakki, a, m. a shepherd's dog.
bú-ráð, n. household management, Nj. 51, Grág, i. 333.
bú-rán, n. a law term, a kind of burglary, theft, to the amount of three cows at least, or three cows' value; defined N. G. L. i. 180: metaph. damage, Bs. i. 350.
búr-brot, n. the breaking into a pantry, Sturl.
búr-dyrr, n. pl. a pantry-door, Bs. i. 601.
búr-hilla, u, f. a pantry-shelf, Glúm. 367.
búr-hringr, m. the door ring of a búrhurð, D. N.
búr-hundr, m. a pantry-dog, Fs. 89.
búr-hurð, f. the door of a 'búr,' Gpl. 344.
búri, a, m. and búr-hvalr, m. a sort of whale, physiter macrocepbalus Sks. 177 B: for a popular superstition as to this whale v. Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 629.
bú-risna, u, f. the keeping open-house, Sturl. i. 194.
búr-lykill, m. a pantry-key, Sturl. iii. 7.
búr-rakki, a, m. = búrhundr, Ld. 112.
bú-sifjar [qs. búi-sifjar, from búi, a neighbour], f. pl. relation between neighbours; góðar b., a good neighbourhood, Karl. 536; the phrase, veita e-m illar, þungar b., to be a bad neighbour, aggressive, Eg. 730, Fms. iii. 222; má vera at þá batni b. okkar, Fs. 31.
bú-skapr, m. household life, state of life as 'bóndi,' D. N.; cp. the saying böl er b., hrygð er hjúskapr, illt er einlífi, og að öllu er nokkuð.
bú-skjóla, u, f. a pail for measuring milk, Jb. 375.
bú-skortr, m. the failure of stores, Nj. 18.
bú-skylft, n. adj.; eiga b., to have an expensive household, Sturl. i. 136.
bú-slit, n., in búslits-maðr, m. a 'bóndi' without homestead, Gþl. 330.
bú-slóð, f. cattle and chattels, household gear.
bú-smali, a, m. sheep and cattle, sometimes also including horses; naut ok sauði ok annan b., Fs. 26; esp. the milch cattle, Ld. 96, where it is opp. to barren cattle, Fms. i. 151; vide smali.
bú-sorg, commonly proncd. búk-sorg, f. care for worldly affairs, esp. in a bad sense; thirst for gain.
bú-staðr (bóstaðr, Grág. ii. 222), m. a dwelling, abode, Fs. 31; taka sér b., to fix one's abode, Eg. 127, Landn. 37, 56, Nj. 173.
bú-stjórn, f. management of household affairs, Eb. 204.
bú-stýra, u, f. a female housekeeper, Gullþ. 13, Háv. 39.
bú-sýsla, u, f. household business, Glúm. 335, Ísl. ii. 68; búsýslu-maðr = búmaðr, Eg. 2.
BÚTR, m. a log of wood. búta, að, to cut logs of wood.
bú-verk, n. dairy work in the morning and evening, milking, churning, and the like, Fs. 72; vinna heima b. með móður sinni (as a taunt), Fas. iii. 595; hence búverka, að, to do the dairy work; búverka-tími, a, m. the time, morning and evening, when dairy work is to be done: in the Grág. i. 147 búverk means generally every kind of household work, but esp. the lower part of it.
bú-þegn, in. a husbandman, in allit. phrases, bændr ok b., Fms. i. 33, Sks. 603; illr b., a bad husbandman, Fms. i. 69, where it is used in a morally bad sense; elsewhere a bad householder, vi. 102, Skálda 203.
BYGÐ, f. [búa, byggja]. I. gener. habitation: 1. a settling one's abode, colonisation; Íslands b., colonisation of Iceland, Íb. (begin.); Grænlands b., id. 2. residence, abode; var þeirra b. ekki vinsæl, Ld. 136; the phrase, fara bygð, or bygðum, to remove one's house and home, change one's abode, Grág. i. 457, Nj. 25, 151; færa b. sína, to remove, Fas. ii. 281; banna, lofa e-m bygð, to forbid or allow one's residence, Grág. l.c.; hitta b. e-s, abode, home, Band. 10: metaph., Hom. 16. II. inhabited land, opp. to úbygðir, deserts; but also opp. to mountains, wild woods, and the like, where there are no human dwellings: bygð thus denotes the dwellings and the whole cultivated neighbourhood; thus in old Greenland there was Eystri and Vestri bygð, the Eastern and Western colony, and úbygðir, deserts, viz. the whole Eastern side of this polar land, cp. Landn. 105, Antt. Amer., and Grönl. Hist. Mind, i-iii. In Norway distinction is made between bygðir and sætr, Fms. i. 5. Icel. say, snjór ofan í b., when the mountains are covered with snow, but the lowland, the inhabited shore, and the bottom of the dales are free; í Noregi er lítil b. ok þó sundrlaus, i.e. Norway is thinly peopled, Fms. iv. 140, viii. 200, 202, 203, Eg. 68, 229, Orkn. 8: spec. = county = hérað, í b. þeirri er Heggin heitir, Fms. ix. 232; b. þeirri er Strönd heitir, 358; heima í bygðum, Gþl. 34; miklar bygðir (great inhabited districts) vóru inn í landit, Fms. i. 226. COMPDS: bygðar-fleygr, adj. rumoured through the bygð, Jb. 161. bygðar-fólk, n. the people of a neighbourhood, Fms. ii. 88. bygðar-lag, n. a district, neighbourhood, county, Grett. 101 A, Jb. 223, Fs. 50. bygðarlags-maðr, m. a neighbour, Stj. 197. bygðar-land, n. and in possession or to be taken into possession, Stj. 74. bygðar-leyfi, n. leave to settle, Fs. 31, Valla L. 208, Grág. i. 457. bygðar-lýðr, m. the people of a land, Bs. ii. 80. bygðar-menn, m. pl. id., Fs. 31, Stj. 649, Dipl. v. 19, Fms. i. 226, etc. bygðar-rómr, m. a rumour going about in the neighbourhood, Krók. 34. bygðar-stefna, u, f. a meeting of the neighbourhood, D. N.
bygð-fleygr, bygð-fleyttr, = bygðarfleygr, N. G. L. i. 389.
BYGG, n. [Scot. and North. E. bigg; Swed. bjugg; Dan. byg; Ivar Aasen bygg; derived from byggja] :-- barley, a common word over all Scandinavia, cp. Alm. 33, Edda (Gl.), Stj. 99, Bs. ii. 5, 532. 5; vide barr II.