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ÞORN-GEBLÆ-acute;D - ÞRÆ-acute;L
þorn-geblæ-acute;d a blister caused by the prick of a thorn, Lchdm. iii. 36, 21.
þorn-græ-acute;fe, an; f. A thorn-copse :-- Andlang ðære þorngræ-acute;fan, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 148, 4.
þornig; adj. Thorny, full of thorns. v. þorn :-- Se yrðling lufaþ ðone æcer ðe æfter ðornum and brémelum genihtsume wæstmas ágifþ swíðor ðonne hé lufige ðone ðe ðornig næs, Homl. Th. i. 342, 8. Gehega þíne eáran mid þornigum hege, Wulfst. 246, 9. [O. H. Ger. dornig: Ger. dornig.]
þorniht; adj. Thorny, full of thorns (v. þorn) or briars :-- Þorniht senticosus, Wrt. Voc. i. 33, 41. Tó ðæm þornihtan heáfodlonde, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 263, 32. On ðam þornehtan dúne, 421, 24. On ða þornihtan leáge, v. 389, 14. Ðæ-acute;m ðornihtun senticosis (velut rosa senticosis exorta surculis, Ald. 18, 14), Wrt. Voc. ii. 77, 47. [O. H. Ger. dornohti spinosus: Ger. dornicht.]
þorn-ræ-acute;w, e; f. A row of thorn-bushes :-- On ða þornræ-acute;we, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 77, 28. On ða ealdan þornræ-acute;we, 199, 33, 34.
þorn-rind, e; f. The bark of a thorn-tree :-- Hnutbeámes rinde and þornrinde gecnúa tó duste, Lchdm. ii. 52, 1.
þorn-stybb, -stubb, es; m. The stump of a thorn-tree :-- Tó ðæm þornstybbe; of ðam þornstybbe, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. v. 252, 28. Tó ðan þornstybbe, vi. 8, 33, 37. On ðonæ þornstub, v. 291, 11. On ðone þornstyb; of ðam stybbe, Cod. Dip. B. iii. 169, 33.
þorof. v. þeorf.
þorp, þrop, es; m. Perhaps the idea at first connected with the words is that of an assemblage, cf. the use in Icelandic: Maðr heitir einnhverr ... þorp ef þrír ero, Skáldskaparmál; þyrpast to crowd, throng: þyrping a crowd: later the word may have been used of the assemblage of workers on an estate, and also of the estate on which they worked; all three ideas seem to be implied in one or other of the following glosses :-- Tuun, þrop, ðrop conpetum, Txts. 53, 557: Wrt. Voc. ii. 15, 7. Compitum i. villa vel þingstów vel þrop, 132, 56. Þrop fundus, i. 37, 51. The idea of an estate belongs to the word in Gothic: Þaurp ni gastaistald &alpha-tonos;γρ&omicron-tonos;ν o&upsilon-tonos;κ &epsilon-tonos;κτησ&alpha-tonos;μην, Neh. 5, 16. In the end the meaning came to be hamlet, village, in which sense it remained for some time in English, e.g.: Ic Ædgar gife freodom Sce Petres mynstre Medeshamstede of kyng and of biscop, and ealle þa þorpes þe ðærto lin: ðæt is, Æstfeld and Dodesthorp and Ege and Pastun, Chr. 963; Erl. 121, 40. He com to Bethfage, swo hatte þe prop, O. E. Homl. ii. 89, 13. Ther stod a throp ... in which that poure folk hadden her bestes and her herbergage, Chauc. Cl. T. 199. Thorp, litell towne or thoroughfare oppidum, Prompt. Parv. 492. The word is now obsolete, but it remains in a great many local names, either alone or in composition; though, as such names are found mostly in those parts of England which were affected by the Danes, its occurrence in them may be due rather to Scandinavian than to English influence. v. Leo, Anglo-Saxon Names of Places, p. 43 sqq.; Taylor's words and Places, s.v. [Goth. þaurp: O. Frs. thorp, therp: O. L. Ger. thorp, tharp: Du. dorp: O. H. Ger. dorf villa, vicus, praedium, oppidum, municipium: Icel. þorp a hamlet, village.]
þost, es; m. Dung, ordure; with this meaning thoste (according to a MS. glossary cited by Halliwell) is used in Gloucestershire :-- Wyrc drenc of hwítes hundes þoste, Lchdm. i. 364, 5. Bærn hundes ðost and gníd smale, 7. Nim drígne hundes þost, 11: ii. 48, 8. [Þost. thoste stercus, Ps. 82, 11. An horse thoste, P. S. 237, 14. As a thost in the weie totreden, Wick. Ecclus. 9, 10. Ass uryne and swynes thost, Pall. 116, 348. Thoste or toord stercus, Prompt. Parv. 492. O. H. Ger. dost stercus, coenum.]
-þot. v. ge-þot. [Cf. Icel. upp-þot a great stir.]
þoterian; p. ode To howl, wail, cry out :-- Þotraþ clamat, Wrt. Voc. ii. 21, 12. Geómriende hell þoteraþ gemens infernus ululat, Hymn. Surt. 84, 34. Gé wépaþ and þoteriaþ plorabitis et flebitis, Scint. 167, 3. Hí ðotorodon swilce óðre wulfas, Homl. Th. ii. 488, 27. v. þeótan.
þoterung, e; f. Howling, wailing, crying :-- Stefn wæs gehýred wóp and mycel þotorung (þoterung, MS. A.) vox audita est, ploratus et ululatus multus, Mt. Kmbl. 2, 18: Homl. Th. i. 80, 19. Ne áblinþ gránung and þoterung (on helle), 68, 7. Geómerung and singal þoteruncg, Wulfst. 114, 27. Hé weóp swíðe biterlíce and hé feóll tó Ióhannes fótum mid geómerunge and þoterunge, Ælfc. T. Grn. 18, 32. Hé symle clypode mid swíðlícere þoterunge: 'And wá ðissere burhware,' Homl. Th. ii. 302, 12.
þóþer (-or, -r), es; m. A ball, sphere :-- Thóthr, thóthor pila, Txts. 87, 1584. Ðóþor, Wrt. Voc. ii. 68, 17. Þóðer, i. 86, 6. Þóþor, 287, 15. Ðóþer pila vel sfera, 39, 51. Þóþer ballum, ii. 125, 14. Ðú leornodest ðone cræft ðe wé hátaþ geometrica; on ðam cræfte ðú leornodest onn ánum þóðere oðþe on æpple átéfred, ðæt ðú meahtest be ðære téfrunge ongytan ðises rodores ymbehwirft ... Ðú leornodest be ánre línan wæs áwriten anlang middes ðæs þóþeres ... Ðú secgst ðæt ðú ymbe ða línan wite ðe on ðam þóðere átéfred wæs ... Ic wolde witan hweðer ðú eác wite ymbe ðone þóðer ðe seó lýne on áwriten is, Shrn. 174, 16-175, 1. Ðá ágan se cyngc plegan wið his geféran mid þóðere, and Apollonius yrnende ðone ðóðor gelæ-acute;hte, Ap. Th. 13, 1-3.
Thráceas, þrácie (?); pl. The Thracians :-- Ðrácia cyning, Met. 26, 22, 59, 7. Dorus Thrácea cyning, Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 152, 3. In other passages Latin forms occur, Traci, Thraci :-- Be westan ðære byrig sindon Traci, 1, 1; Swt. 22, 8. Hé wæs farende on Thraci and hié tó him gebígde Thracas domuit, 3, 9; Swt. 124, 9: 4, 11; Swt. 204, 16. Another form is Tráciane; pl. :-- Tráciana Traciarium (provincias, Ald. 64, 10), Wrt. Voc. ii. 85, 74. The name of the country is given as Trácia, Thrácia :-- On Trácia (Thrácia, MS. C.) ðæm londe, Ors. 3, 7; Swt. 114, 15. Lysimachus beféng Thráciam Thracia Lysimacho data, 3, 11; Swt. 142, 33.
þracian. v. á-, an-, on-þracian.
þracu; gen. þræce; f. I. not in a bad sense, power, force :-- Þracu (-a, MS.) wæs on óre, heard handplega, hægsteald módige, wígend unforhte, Cd. Th. 198, 22; Exod. 326. Sigores tácn wið þeóda þræce a token of victory against the power of nations, Elen. Kmbl. 369; El. 185. Se cásere héht bannan tó beadwe, beran út þræce ... wæ-acute;ron Rómware sóna gegearwod the emperor bade give the summons to war, bade put forth their power(?) ... At once were the Romans prepared, 90; El. 45. Geceósan swá þrymmes þræce swá þrýstra wræce to choose either the power of glory or the misery of darkness, Exon. Th. 37, 14; Cri. 593. Oft wé oferségon þeóda þeáwas, þræce módigra the power of the proud, 118, 12; Gú. 238. II. in a bad sense, violence :-- Oft hí þræce ræ-acute;rdon ... feóndscipe ræ-acute;rdon ... hálge cwelmdon ... bærndon gecorene, Exon. Th. 243, 18; Jul. 12: 262, 16; Jul. 333. [O. Sax. módthraka.] v. ádl-, æsc-, bæ-acute;l-, ecg-, flán-, gár-, gúð-, hild-, holm-, líg-, mód-, wæ-acute;pen-, wíg-þracu; þrece.
þræc. v. ge-þræc, and preceding word.
-þræc. v. on-þræc.
þræc-heard; adj. Brave in battle :-- Þrungon þræchearde, Elen. Kmbl. 245; El. 123.
þræc-hwíl, e; f. A time of suffering, a hard time :-- Ongan ðá hreówcearig sár cwánian ... 'Ðú mec þreádes þurh sárslege ... 'Hine seó fæ-acute;mne forlét æfter þræchwíle, Exon. Th. 275, 22; Jul. 554. [Cf. Icel. þrekaðr wearied, exhausted.]
þræc-róf; adj. Valiant, Cd. Th. 122, 22; Gen. 2030.
þræ-acute;c-wíg, es; m. Hard fighting :-- Þurstige þræcwíges, Cd. Th. 189, 9; Exod. 182.
þræc-wudu, a; m. A spear :-- Helm, byrne, þræcwudu, Beo. Th. 2496; B. 1246.
þræ-acute;d, es; m. A thread :-- Ðréd filum, Wrt. Voc. ii. 108, 59: i. 66, 28. Þræ-acute;d, ii. 35, 44: i. 81, 65: fila, 282, 11. Se gyldna ðræ-acute;d bratea fila, ii. 89, 37: 12, 3. Þræ-acute;d mé (a coat of mail) ne hlimmeþ, ne æt mé hrisil scríþeþ, Exou. Th. 417, 18; Rá. 36, 6. Cnyte mid ánum ðræ-acute;de, Lchdm. i. 218, 20. Mid ánum reádum þræ-acute;de, 100, 19. Mid wyllenan þræ-acute;de, ii. 310, 22. Him ne hangaþ nacod sweord ofer ðam heáfde be smalan þræ-acute;de, Bt. 29, 1; Fox 102, 28. Þræ-acute;da filorum, Hpt. Gl. 494, 18. Ápráwenum ðræ-acute;dum contortis, Wrt. Voc. ii. 21, 18. Webb byþ gefylled mid þræ-acute;dum tela consummatur filis, Scint. 216, 2. [O. L. Ger. thrád filum: O. Frs. thréd: Du. draad: O. H. Ger. drát: Ger. draht Icel. þráðr: Dan. traad.] v. col-, gold-, hefeld-, rihtung-, weall-þræ-acute;d þráwan.
þræft a quarrel, dispute, contention, chiding :-- Siteþ symbelwlonc searwum læ-acute;teþ wíne gewæ-acute;ged word út faran þræfte þringan þrymme gebyrmed æfæstum onæ-acute;led oferhygda ful flushed with the feast he sits, affected with wine, words he guilefully lets fare forth, crowd out with quarrel in their train, leavened as he is with pride, inflamed with ill-will, full of overweening, Exon. Th. 316, 1; Mód. 42. [Icel. þrapt quarrel; þrefa to wrangle. Jamieson gives thrafily in a chiding or surly manner.] v. (?) þrafian.
þrægan (cf. Goth. þragjan, and for conjugation cf. plegan); p. de To run, proceed in a course :-- Sume tungul læsse gelíðaþ, ða ðe lácaþ ymb eaxe ende, oððe micle máre geféraþ, ða hire midore ymbe þearle þrægeþ (-aþ?) (cf. sume tunglu habbaþ lengran ymbhwyrft ðonne sume habban, and ða lengestne ðe ymb ða eaxe middewearde hwearfaþ, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 214, 24), Met, 28, 24. Ðæ-acute;r him eoh fore mílpaðas mæt, módig þrægde, Elen. Kmbl. 2524; El. 1263. Ic seah hors swíþe þrægan, Exon. Th. 400, 4; Rä. 20, 3.
-þræ-acute;ge. v. wæ-acute;pen-þræ-acute;ge.
þræ-acute;l, es; m. A thrall, slave, servant :-- Ðe yfle ðrael malus servus, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 24, 48. Allra ðræ-acute;l &l-bar; esne omnium servus, Mt. Skt. Lind. Rush. 10, 44. Se ðe dóeð synne ðræ-acute;l is synnes, Jn. Skt. Rush. 8, 34. Ne cweðo ic iów ðræ-acute;las (ðræ-acute;llas, Lind.), for ðon ðræ-acute;l (ðræ-acute;ll, Lind.) nát hwæt wyrceð hláford his, 15, 15. Wé witan ðæt þurh Godes gyfe þræ-acute;l wearð tó þegene, and ceorl tó eorle, L. Eth. vii. 21; Th. i. 334, 8. Ðeáh þræ-acute;la hwylc hláforde æthleápe and of cristendóme tó wícinge weorðe, and hit æfter ðam eft geweorðe, ðæt wæ-acute;pngewrixl weorðe gemæ-acute;ne þegene and þræ-acute;le, gyf þræ-acute;l ðæne þegen fullíce áfylle, licge æ-acute;gylde ealre his mæ-acute;gðe; and gyf se þegen ðæne þræ-acute;l, ðe hé æ-acute;r áhte, fullíce áfylle, gylde þegen-gylde, Wulfst. 162, 5-10. Oft þræ-acute;l ðæne þegen, ðe ær wæs his hláford, cnyt swýðe fæste and wyrcþ him tó þræ-acute;le, 163, 1. Gebéte þræ-acute;l mid his híde, þegn mid .xxx. scillingan, 181, 9. Ðe hláferd ðræ-acute;les ðæs dominus servi illius, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 24, 50. Ðræ-acute;les (ðræ-acute;lles, Lind.), Lk. Skt. Rush. 12, 46. Ic cuoeðo ðræ-acute;le mínum, Lind. 7, 8. Hé sende óðerne ðrael, Mk. Skt. Lind. 12, 4. Gif Englisc man Deniscne þræ-acute;l ofsleá, gylde hine mid punde, and se Denisca Engliscne eal swá, gif hé hine ofsleá, L. Eth. ii. 5; Th. i. 286, 24. Þræ-acute;las ne móton habban ðæt hí ágon on ágenan hwílan mid earfeðan gewunnen, Wulfst. 158, 38. Antecristes þræ-acute;las, 55, 9. Ðonne beó gé ealle þræ-acute;las tunc eritis omnes servi, Coll. Monast. Th. 29, 25. [From Icel. þræll.]