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ge-wind, es; n. [windan to bend] A winding, circuitous ascent, Ælfc. Gl. 55; Som. 67, 6; Wrt. Voc. 37, 4.
gewin-dæg, es; m. A labour or trouble-day, battle-day; laboris vel tribulationis dies, pugnæ dies :-- On gewindæge in the day of trouble, Ps. Th. 77, 42. Of gewindagum weorþan sceolde líf alýsed her life should be released from days of trouble, Exon. 74 b; Th. 279, 9; Jul. 611: Cd. 205; Th. 254, 24; Dan. 616. Ðonne cumbulgebrec on gewinndagum weorþan scoldum when there should be crashings of banners in days of battle, Ps. C. 50, 12; Ps. Grn. ii. 227, 12. v. win-dæg.
ge-windan; p. -wand, pl. -wundon; pp. -wunden. I. v. trans. To twist, weave, bend, wind; torqu&e-short;re, plectere, impl&i-short;c&a-long;re :-- Ða þegnas gewundun ðæt sigbég of þornum milites plectentes coronam de spinis, Jn. Skt. Lind. 19. 2. Ne hafu ic in heáfde hwíte loccas, wræ-acute;ste gewundne I have not white locks on my head, delicately wound, Exon. 111 b; Th. 427, 30; Rä. 41, 99. II. v. intrans. To go, turn, turn about, revolve, roll; &i-long;re. se vert&e-short;re, volv&e-short;re :-- He meahte wídre gewindan he might more widely turn about, Beo. Th. 1530; B. 763. Se aglæ-acute;ca on fleám gewand the miserable being turned to flight, 2007; B. 1001: Homl.Th. i. 290, 19. Se líg gewand on láðe men the flame rolled on to the hostile men. Cd. 186; Th. 231, 22; Dan. 251.
ge-winde; adj :-- Ðá hit wæs wel gewinde on ða burh when the wind was in the right quarter [for blowing the flames] on to the town; ventum opportunum, Bd. 3, 16; S. 542, 25.
ge-windwian; p. ode; pp. od To blow :-- Seó onbláwnes ðære heofonlícan onfæðmnesse sý gewindwod on ðé let the inspiration of the heavenly embrace be blown into thee, Blickl. Homl. 7, 27.
ge winful, -full; adj. Full of labour, laborious, troublesome; lab&o-long;ri&o-long;sus :-- Agust&i-long;nus ðysses gewinfullan geflítes ende gesette August&i-long;nus hunc l&a-short;b&o-long;ri&o-long;si cert&a-long;m&i-short;nis f&i-long;nem f&e-long;cit, Bd. 2, 2; S. 502, 17.
ge-winfullíc, -winnfullíc; adj, Laborious, toilsome; labori&o-long;sus :-- Ðæt hí ne þorftan in swá fræ-acute;cne síþfætt, and on swá gewinfullícne, and on swá uncúþe ællþeódignysse féran ne tam pericul&o-long;sam, tam incertam peregrin&a-long;ti&o-long;nem ad&i-long;re deb&e-long;rent, Bd. 1, 23; S. 485, 37. Ðæt hí nó má ne mihton swá gewinnfullícum fyrdum swencte beón non se ultra tam labori&o-long;sis exped&i-long;ti&o-long;nibus posse fat&i-long;g&a-long;ri, 1, 12; S. 481, 4.
ge-winfullíce; adv. Laboriously, with difficulty; labori&o-long;se :-- Ðæt eahta and twentig wintra gewinnfullíce he heóld id per annos viginti octo labori&o-long;siss&i-short;me t&e-short;nuit, Bd. 3, 14; S. 539, 17.
ge-winna, an; m. An enemy, adversary, a foe, rival; hostis, in&i-short;m&i-long;cus, æm&u-short;lus :-- Cwom semninga hæleþa gewinna the foe of men suddenly came, Exon. 69 a; Th. 257, 7; Jul. 243. Gesaca vel gewinna æm&u-short;lus, Ælfc. Gl. 114; Som. 80, 17; Wrt. Voc. 60, 51. Læ-acute;ddon leóde láþne gewinnan to carcerne the people led their hated foe unto the prison, Andr. Kmbl. 2500; An. 1251: 2603; An. 1303. Beóþ ðé hungor and þurst hearde gewinnan hunger and thirst will be hard adversaries to thee, Exon. 36 b; Th. 118, 28; Gú. 246. Heora gewinnan hí éhtan ins&e-short;qu&i-short;tur hostis, Bd. 1, 12; S. 481, 23: 1, 23; S. 483, 13. Ða æ-acute;rran gewinnan priores inimici, S. 1, 12; S. 480, 33.
ge-winnan; p. -wan, -won, -wann, pl. -wunnon; pp. -wunnen. I. to make war, fight, contend; pugnare, bellum gerere :-- He ána gewon he fought alone, Exon. 39 a; Th. 129, 15; Gú. 21: Bd. 3, 19; S. 548, 2. Hú hie wið ðæm drý gefliton and gewunnon how they contended and strove against the sorcerer, Blickl. Homl. 173, 3. II. to obtain by fighting, to conquer, gain, win; pugna consequi, obtinere, subjugare :-- Hú he mihte Normandige of him gewinnan how he might conquer [win] Normandy from him, Chr. 1090; Erl. 226, 25. Ne mágon we ðæt on aldre gewinnan we cannot ever obtain that, Cd. 421; Th. 26, 6; Gen. 402. Æ-acute;nig ne mæg friþ gewinnan no one may gain peace, Exon. 22 b; Th. 62, 14; Cri. 1001. Ðæs ðe he heora sáulum to hæ-acute;le and to ræ-acute;de gewinnan mihte provided that he could win their souls to salvation and counsel, Blickl. Homl. 227, 4. He hit gewan mid wisdóme he gained it by wisdom, Th. Ap. 4, 19. Chananéus ðá wann wið Israéla bearn and sige on him gewann the Canaanite fought against the children of Israel and gained a victory over them, Num. 21, 1. Ðone cyning ðe hie æ-acute;r mid unrihte gewunnen hæfde the king that had before unjustly conquered them, Bt. 16, 2; Fox 52, 22. On ágenum hwílum mid earfeþum gewunnen laboriously gained in their own time, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 106, 55. Ðá wæs Rómána ríce gewunnen then the empire of the Romans was conquered, Bt. Met. Fox 1, 34; Met. 1, 17. [O. Sax. ge-winnan: O. H. Ger. ga-winnan: Ger. ge-winnen to gain, obtain.]
gewin-stów, e; f. A place to contend in, battle-place, wrestling-place; cert&a-long;m&i-short;nis l&o-short;cus, p&a-short;læstra, Ælfc. Gl. 29; Som. 61, 49; Wrt. Voc. 26, 48.
ge-wintred, -wintrad; part. Grown to full age, full-aged, aged; adultus :-- Óþ-ðæt hit gewintred síe until it be of age, L. In. 38; Th. i. 126, 7. Miððý ðú bist gewintrad cum senueris, Jn. Skt. Lind. 21, 18. Ðeáh he gewintred wæ-acute;re though he was aged, Ors. 6, 31; Bos. 128, 7. Ðæs gewintredan monnes of a full-aged man, L. Alf. pol. 26; Th. i. 78, 18, [Cf. M. H. Ger. ge-járet.] DER. un-gewintred.
gewin-woruld, e; f. A world of toil; tr&i-long;b&u-short;l&a-long;ti&o-long;nis pl&e-long;nus mundus :-- Hý scofene wurdon on gewinworuld they were thrust into a world of toil, Exon. 45 a; Th. 153, 21; Gú. 829.
ge-wíred; part. p. Made of wire :-- Hyre ealdan gewíredan preón an vi. mancussum her old brooch made of [gold or silver] wire, worth six mancuses, Th. Chart. 537, 34. v. wír.
Gewis, Giwis, es; m. Gewis, the great grandfather of Cerdic :-- Se Cerdic wæs Elesing, Elesa Esling, Esla Gewising, Gewis Wiging Cerdic was the son of Elesa, Elesa the son of Esla, Elsa the son of Gewis, Gewis the son of Wig, Chr. 495; Erl. 2, 5: 597; Erl. 20, 7. Giwis, 552; Erl. 16, 19. According to Asset it was from this name that the term Gevissæ, applied by Bede to the West Saxons, was derived. 'Gewis, a quo Britone totam illam gentem Gegwis nominant,' see Grmm. Gesch. D. S. 458. For the use by Bede, see Bd. 3, 7-'Gens Occidentalium Saxonum qui antiquitus Gevissæ vocabantur ... primum Gevissorum gentem ingrediens,' where the translation has 'West Seaxna þeód ... Ðá com he æ-acute;rest upp on West Seaxum.' See also 4, 15, 16. Smith's note on the word is 'Gevissæ. Saxonicum est pro Occidentalium. Sic Visigothi præposita tantum Saxonica expletiva Ge.' See Thorpe's Lappenberg i. 109, note.
ge-wis, -wiss; adj. Certain, sure, knowing, foreknowing; certus :-- Gewis be heora gerihtnesse certus de illorum correctione, Bd. 5, 22; S. 644, 45. Ðæt is gesægd ðæt he wæ-acute;re gewis his sylfes forþfóre qui præscius sui obitus exstitisse videtur, 4, 24; S. 599, 14. Wite ðæt érest gewiss ðæt ðæt mód byþ ðære sáwle æ-acute;ge know first that as certain, that the mind is the soul's eye, Shrn. 178, 2. Gewis is constat, Hpt. Gl. 419. Ða úþwitan ðe sæ-acute;don ðæt næ-acute;fre nán wiht gewisses næ-acute;re búton twæónunga the philosophers that said that there was no certainty without doubt, Shrn. 174, 25. Swá litel gewis funden found so little certain, Bt. 41, 4; Fox 250, 20. Gewis andgit intelligence, 5; Fox 252, 20, 30. We syndon gewisse ðínes lífes we are acquainted with thy life, Guthl. 5; Gdwin. 30, 18. He hí gewisse gedyde and gelæ-acute;rde be ingonge ðæs écan ríces de ingressu regni æterni certos reddidit, Bd. 4, 16; S. 584, 35. On gewissum tídum at certain times, R. Ben. interl. 48. Of gewissum intingan of certain causes, R. Ben. interl. 63. Myd gewyssum gesceáde with certain reason, wherefore; propter certam rationem, quapropter, Nicod. 3; Thw. 2, 6. [O. H. Ger. giwis: Ger. gewiss certus.]
ge-wíscan, etc. v. ge-wýscan, etc.
ge-wisfullíce; adv. Knowingly, expertly; scienter, Greg. pref. lib. 2, Dial.
ge-wísian; p. ode; pp. od To direct, teach, shew :-- Bæ-acute;don ðæt him gewísade waldend se góda hú hie libban sceolden prayed the good Ruler to direct them how they were to live, Cd. 40; Th. 52, 27; Gen. 850.
ge-wislíce, -wisslíce; adv. Certainly, exactly, truly, especially, besides; videlicet, scilicet, sane, utique, porro :-- Gewisslíce sane, Ælfc. Gr. 38; Som. 41, 45. Gyf sóþlíce gewislíce rihtwísnysse sprecaþ si vere utique justitiam loquimini, Ps. Spl. C. 57, 1. Gewislíce án þing is neád-behefe porro unum est necessarium, Lk. Bos. 10, 42. Ðú miht blissigan gewisslíce thou mayest certainly rejoice, Homl. Th. ii. 132, 1. Se wítegode be Criste swíðe gewislíce swilce he godspellere wæ-acute;re he prophesied about Christ with great exactness, as if he had been an evangelist, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 69, 414. Gewislíce ic hæbbe certe habeo, Coll. Monast. Th. 30, 7. Ic nát náht gewistlíce hwæðer ðæs feós swá micel is I do not know for certain whether there is so much money, Th. Chart. 490, 15. Seó lenctenlíce emniht is gewislíce on duodecima kl. April the spring equinox is certainly on the twelfth day before the kalends of April, Bd. de nat. rerum; Wrt. popl. science 11, 1; Lchdm. iii. 256, 8. Ic cweðe nú gewislícor I say now more exactly, 8, 23; Lchdm. iii. 250, 4: Th. Ap. 15, 24. Ðæs ðe hie gewislícost gewitan meahton to the best of their knowledge. Beo. Th. 2704; B. 1350.
ge-wiss, -wisslíce. v. ge-wis, ge-wislíce.
ge-wissend, es; m. A director, ruler; præceptor, rector, Hymn. Lye.
ge-wissian; p. ode, ade; pp. od To make or cause to know, to instruct, inform, direct, command, govern; docere, edocere, regere, præcipere, dirigere :-- Ðæt he ðone iungan cniht gewissian sceolde that he should instruct the young boy, Ælfc.T. Lisle, 34, 3. To ðam lande ðe ic ðé gewissige unto a land that I will shew thee, Boutr. Scrd. 21, 42. On ðam regole ðe us gewissaþ be ðære hálgan Eástertíde in the rule that directs us about the holy Eastertide. Lchdm. iii. 256, 10. Heó gewissaþ and gescylt and gelæ-acute;t it directs and protects and guides, Homl. Th. i. 52, 15. Se ðe gewylt and gewissaþ Israhéla folc qui reget populum Israhel, 78, 16. Swá swá him Gregorius æ-acute;r gewissode as Gregory had before directed him, ii. 130, 22: Swt. A. S. Rdr. 64, 241. Se wítega hine gewissode ðæt he cúðe gelýfan the prophet directed so that he was able to believe, 70, 444. Ðú gewissa ða sacerdas tu præcipe sacerdotibus, Jos. 3, 8. Ic gean ðara vi. punda ðe ic Eádmunde mínon bréðer gewissod hæbbe I give the six pounds that I have indicated to my brother Edmund, Th. Chart. 559, 6. Gif ðú nelt beón gewissod if thou wilt not be directed, Ælfc. T. Lisle, 40, 12.
ge-wissung, e; f. Direction, instruction, guidance :-- For fela gewissungum ðe seó in bóc hæfþ toforan ðám óðrum for many directions which that one book has above the others, Swt. A. S. Rdr. 65, 295.
ge-wistfullian; p. ode; pp. od To feast :-- Gewistfullian epulari, Lk. Bos. 15, 23. Et drinc and gewistfulla eat, drink, and feast, Homl. Th. ii. 104, 21. Gewistfullien epulentur, Blickl. Gl. Ðæt ic mid mínum freóndum gewistfullode ut cum amicis meis epularer, Lk. Bos. 15, 29.