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FOLC-BEALO -- FOLC-LAND. 297
folc-bealo; gen. -bealowes; n. Folk-torment, torment by many, a great torment; ingens m&a-short;lum vel cr&u-short;ci&a-long;tus :-- Petrus and Paulus þrówedon on Róme folcbealo þreálíc Peter and Paul suffered grievous torment by the people at Rome, Menol. Fox 248; Men. 125.
folc-bearn, es; n. A folk-child, a child of man; p&o-short;p&u-short;li f&i-long;lius, h&o-short;m&i-short;nis f&i-long;lius :-- Swilc biþ mæ-acute;gburh menigo ðínre, folcbearnum frome such shall be the family of thy people, excellent in children, Cd. 100; Th. 132, 16; Gen. 2194. Þurh ðé eorþ-búende ealle onfóþ, folcbearn, freoðo and freóndscipe through thee all dwellers upon earth, the children of men, shall receive peace and friendship, 84; Th. 105, 28; Gen. 1760.
folc-beorn a popular man. v. folc-biorn.
folc-biorn, es; m. A popular man; p&o-short;p&u-short;l&a-long;ris vir :-- Folc-biorn, Beo. Th. 4444; B. 2221.
folc-cú; f. The folk's cow, a cow of the herd; p&o-short;p&u-short;li vacca :-- Under folc-cúm [MS. folcum] inter vaccas pop&u-short;l&o-long;rum, Ps. Th. 67, 27; among the kien of puplis, Wyc. 67, 31. v. cú.
folc-cúp; adj. Known to the people, folk-known, well-known, public, celebrated; p&o-short;p&u-short;lis n&o-long;tus, publ&i-short;cus, c&e-short;leber :-- Wæs his freádrihtnes folc-cúþ nama Agamemnon his lord's celebrated name was Agamemnon, Bt. Met. Fox 26, 18; Met. 26, 9. Folc-cúþne ræ-acute;d a discourse known to nations, Bt. Met. Fox introduc. 18; Met. Einl. 9. Be folc-cúþum stræ-acute;tum by the public roads, Bd. 2, 16; S. 520, 4.
folc-cwén, e; f. Folk's queen, queen of the people; p&o-short;p&u-short;li r&e-long;g&i-short;na :-- Eóde freólícu folc-cwén to hire freán sittan the noble queen of the people went to sit by her lord, Beo. Th. 1286; B. 641.
folc-cyning, es; m. Folk's king, king of nations, king of the people; p&o-short;p&u-short;li rex :-- Nealles folc-cyning fyrdgesteallum gylpan þorfte the people's king needed not to boast of his comrades in arms, Beo. Th. 5738; B. 2873; 5460; B. 2733. Folc-cyninge for the king of nations, Cd. 131; Th. 166, 25; Gen. 2753. Fífe folc-cyningas five kings of nations, 93; Th. 119, 4; Gen. 1974: 95; Th. 125, 5; Gen. 2074. cf. O. Sax. folk-kuning.
folc-dryht, -driht, e; f. [dryht, driht a multitude] A multitude of people, an assemblage; p&o-short;p&u-short;li mult&i-short;t&u-long;do, c&o-short;m&i-short;t&a-long;tus :-- Folcdryht wera bifóran before the assemblage of men, Exon. 23b; Th. 66, 5; Cri. 1067. Folcdriht, Cd. 64; Th. 76, 24; Gen. 1262.
foloe-flren, e; f. A folk-crime, public crime; p&o-short;p&u-short;li sc&e-short;lus :-- Wæ-acute;rlogona sint folcefirena hefige the public crimes of the faithless are heavy, Cd. 109; Th. 145, 23; Gen. 2410.
folce-getrum, es; n. A host of people; exerc&i-short;tus :-- Mid heora folce-getrume with their band of people, Cd. 95; Th. 123, 18; Gen. 2046, note. v. folc-getrum.
folc-egsa, an; m. Folk-terror; publ&i-short;cus terror, form&i-long;do :-- Ðú towurpe fæsten his for folcegsan p&o-short;suisti mun&i-long;ti&o-long;nes ejus in form&i-long;d&i-short;nem, Ps. Th. 88, 33.
folc-firen a folk-crime, v. folce-firen.
fole-freá, an; m. Folk's lord, lord of a nation; p&o-short;p&u-short;li d&o-short;m&i-short;nus :-- Hie ðæt cúþ dydon heora folcfreán they made that known to their nation's lord, Cd. 89; Th. 111, 7; Gen. 1852.
folc-frig, folc-frý; adj. Folk-free; l&i-long;ber &a-short;pud pl&e-long;bern :-- Beó he syððan folcfrig be he afterwards folk-free, L. C. S. 45; Th. i. 402, 17. Se sié folcfrý let him be folk-free, L. Wih. 8; Th. i. 38, 15. cf. Grm. RA. 349.
folc-gefeoht, es; n. Folk-battle, a great battle, pitched battle; publ&i-short;ca pugna, pl&e-long;num prælium :-- Ða Sciððie noldon hine gesécan to folcgefeohte the Scythians would not attack him in a pitched battle, Ors. 2, 5; Bos. 46, 5. Wurdon ix folcgefeoht gefohten nine great battles were fought, Chr. 871; Erl. 77, 7: 887; Erl. 87, 9. On þrím folcgefeohtum in three pitched battles, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 66, 11. cf. Icel. fôlk-orrusta.
folc-gemót, -mót, folces gemót, es; n. A folk-meeting; p&o-short;p&u-short;li consessus. The folc-gemót was a general assembly of the people of a town, city or shire, and was held annually on the first of May, but it could be convened on extraordinary occasions by ringing the moot-bell, -- 'Cum &a-short;l&i-short;quid v&e-long;ro in&o-short;p&i-long;n&a-long;tum, vel d&u-short;bium, vel m&a-short;lum contra, regnum, vel contra c&o-short;r&o-long;nam d&o-short;m&i-short;ni r&e-long;gis, forte in ballivis suis s&u-short;b&i-short;to emers&e-short;rit, d&e-long;bent, st&a-short;tim puls&a-long;tis camp&a-long;nis quod Angl&i-short;ce v&o-short;cant mótbel conv&o-short;c&a-long;re omnes et &u-long;n&i-short;versos, quod Angl&i-short;ce d&i-long;cunt folcmóte, i. e. v&o-short;c&a-long;tio et congr&e-short;g&a-long;tio p&o-short;p&u-short;l&o-long;rum, et gentium omnium, quia &i-short;bi omnes conv&e-short;n&i-long;re d&e-long;bent. . . St&a-short;t&u-long;tum est quod d&e-long;bent p&o-short;p&u-short;li omnes, et gentes &u-long;n&i-short;versæ sing&u-short;lis annis, s&e-short;mel in anno sc&i-long;l&i-short;cet conv&e-short;n&i-long;re, sc&i-long;l&i-short;cet in c&a-short;p&i-short;te kal. Maii,' Th. Anglo-Saxon Laws, vol. i. 613, note a. The folc-gemót was forbidden to be held on Sundays :-- On folcgemóte at the folk-moot, L. Alf. pol. 34; Th. i. 82, 12, 13: L. Ath. i. 2; Th. i. 200, 8: iv. 1; Th. i. 220, 23. On folcgemóte [-móte, L.], L. Ath. i. 12; Th. i. 206, 11. On folces gemóte, L. Alf. pol. 22; Th. i. 76, 5. Gif he folcgemót [folces gemót, MS. H.] mid wæ-acute;pnes bryde aræ-acute;re if he disturb the folk-moot by drawing his weapon, L. Alf. pol. 38; Th. i. 86, 16. Sunnan dæges we forbeódaþ æ-acute;lc folcgemót, búton hit for mycelre neódþearfe sí we forbid every Sunday folk-moot, unless it be for great necessity, L. C. E. 15; Th. i. 368, 16: L. N. P. L. 55; Th. ii. 298, 22. Sunnan dæges freóls healde man georne, and folcgemóta on ðam hálgan dæge geswíce man georne let Sunday's festival be diligently kept, and folk-moots be carefully abstained from on that holy day, L. Eth. v. 13; Th. i. 308, 11: vi. 22; Th. i. 320, 12: L. Edg. C. 19; Th. ii. 248, 14. v. folc-mót, folc-land. v. Stubbs' Const. Hist. folk-moot.
folc-geréfa, an; m. A folk-reeve, a people's governor; p&o-short;p&u-short;li præp&o-short;s&i-short;tus :-- Folcgeréfa action&a-long;tor, Ælfc. Gl. 5; Som. 56, 25; Wrt. Voc. 17, 30. v. Du Cange, sub voce Actionator.
fole-geriht, es; n. Folk-right; publ&i-short;cum jus :-- Feola syndon folc-gerihtu there are many folk-rights, L. R. S. 21; Th. i. 440, 25. v. folc-riht.
folc-gesetness, e; f. A decree or ordinance of the people; pl&e-long;bisc&i-long;tum, Som. Ben. Lye.
folc-gesíþas; gen. -gesíþa; m. The nobles of a country; p&a-short;res, n&o-long;b&i-short;les, gentis c&o-short;m&i-short;tes, p&o-short;p&u-short;l&a-long;res :-- Syndon deáde folcgesíþas the nobles of the country are dead, Cd. 98; Th. 128, 29; Gen. 2134: Bt. Met. Fox 1, 140; Met. l, 70. Wið ðám néhstum folcgesíþum with the nearest rulers of the people, Cd. 193; Th. 241, 29; Dan. 412.
folc-gestælla, an; m. An adherent, follower; gentis c&o-short;mes :-- Cræft folcgestælna a force of adherents, Cd. 15; Th. 18, 10; Gen. 271. v. folc-gestealla.
folc-gestealla, -gestælla, an; m. A noble companion; gentis c&o-short;mes, p&o-short;p&u-short;l&a-long;ris :-- Mid swilcum mæg man fón folcgesteallan with such, one may obtain adherents, Cd. 15; Th. 19, 6; Gen. 287.
folc-gestreón, es; n. A public treasure; p&o-short;p&u-short;li d&i-long;v&i-short;tiæ :-- Ða leóde leng ne woldon Elamitarna aldor swíðan folcgestreónum those nations would no longer strengthen the Elamites' prince with the public treasures, Cd. 93; Th. 119, 17; Gen. 1981.
folc-getæl, es; n. A number of people; p&o-short;p&u-short;li n&u-short;m&e-short;rus :-- On folc-getæl fíftig cista in the number of people [were] fifty bands, Cd. 154; Th. 192, 9; Exod. 229.
folc-geþrang, es; n. Folk-throng, a crowd; p&o-short;p&u-short;li c&a-short;terva :-- Ðurh ðæt folcgeþrang through the crowd, Ors. 3, 9; Bos. 68, 30.
folc-getrum, folce-getrum, es; n. Folk-host; exerc&i-short;tus :-- Folcgetrume gefaren hæfdon they had come with a host, Cd. 93; Th. 119, 29; Gen. 1987. DER. getrum.
folc-gewinn, es; n. Folk's war, battle; bellum :-- Wæs monig Gota gelysted folcgewinnes many a Goth was desirous of battle, Bt. Met. Fox 1, 19; Met. 1, 10.
folcisc; adj. Folkish, common, vulgar, popular; rust&i-short;cus, pl&e-long;b&e-long;ius :-- Gif man folciscne mæsse-preóst mid tíhtlan belecge if a man charge a secular mass-priest with an accusation, L. Eth. ix. 21; Th. i. 344, 19: L. C. E. 5; Th. i. 362, 16. Folcisce men common men, Bt. 30, 1; Fox 108, 23: 35, 6; Fox 168, 24. Ðæt hí folciscra gemóta geswícan that they abstain from popular meetings, L. Eth. vi. 44; Th. i. 326, 21.
folc-læ-acute;sung, e; f. Public lying, slander; publ&i-short;cum mend&a-long;cium :-- Gif mon folclæ-acute;sunge gewyrce si quis publ&i-short;cum mend&a-long;cium confingat, L. Alf. pol. 28; Wilk. 41, 19. v. folc-leásung.
folo-lagu, e; f. Folk or public law; publ&i-short;ca lex :-- Gif hwá folclage wirde if any one corrupt the law of the people, L. N. P. L. 46; Th. ii. 296, 22. Folclaga wyrsedon the laws of the people were corrupted, Lupi Serm. i. 5; Hick. Thes. ii. 100, 19.
folc-land, -lond, es; n. [folc folk, land land]. I. the land of the folk or people. It was the property of the community. It might be occupied in common, or possessed in severalty; and, in the latter case, it was probably parcelled out to individuals in the folc-gemót, q. v. or court of the district, and the grant sanctioned by the freemen who were there present. While it continued to be folc-land, it could not be alienated in perpetuity; and, therefore, on the expiration of the term for which it had been granted, it reverted to the community, and was again distributed by the same authority. Spelman describes folc-land as 'terra p&o-short;p&u-short;l&a-long;ris, quæ j&u-long;re comm&u-long;ni poss&i-short;d&e-long;tur -- s&i-short;ne scripto,' Gloss. Folcland. In another place he distinguishes it accurately from bóc-land: 'Prædia Sax&o-short;nes dupl&i-short;ci t&i-short;t&u-short;lo poss&i-short;d&e-long;bant; vel scripti auct&o-long;r&i-short;t&a-long;te, quod bóc-land v&o-short;c&a-long;bant, vel p&o-short;p&u-short;li test&i-short;m&o-long;nio, quod folc-land dix&e-long;re,' Id. Bocland :-- Eác we cwæ-acute;don hwæs se wyrðe wæ-acute;re ðe óðrum ryhtes wyrnde, áðor oððe on bóc-lande oððe on folc-lande, and ðæt he him geándagode of ðam folc-lande, hwonne he him riht worhte befóran ðam geréfan. Gif he ðonne nán riht næfde ne on bóc-lande ne on folc-lande, ðæt se wæ-acute;re ðe rihtes wyrnde scyldig xxx scillinga wið ðone cyning; and æt óðrum cyrre, eác swá: æt þriddan cyrre, cyninges oferhýrnesse, ðæt is cxx scillinga, búton he æ-acute;r geswíce also we have ordained of what he were worthy who denied justice to another, either in book-land or in folk-land, and that he should give him a term respecting the folk-land, when he should do him justice before the reeve. But if he had no right either to the book-land or to the folk-land, that he who denied the right should be liable in 30 shillings to the king; and for the second offence, the like: for the third offence, the king's penalty, that is, 120 shillings, unless he previously desist, L. Ed. 2; Th. i. 160, 10-17. All lands, whether bóc-land or folc-land, were subject to the Tr&i-short;n&o-long;da Necess&i-short;tas. Under this denomination are comprised three distinct imposts, to which all landed possessions, not excepting those of the church, were subject, viz :-- [a] Brycg-bó;t for keeping the bridges, and highways in repair. [b] Burh-bót for keeping the burghs, or fortresses, in